Neonat: Pneumonia, RDS, TTNB, MAS Flashcards
Surfactant is present in high concentrations in fetal lung homogenates by what week of gestation
20 weeks gestation
Surfactant appears in amniotic fluid by which weeks of gestation
28-32 weeks
Mature levels of surfactant are usually present by what week of gestation
35 weeks
Apnea in the newborn is defined as cessation of breathing for longer than ___ seconds
20 seconds
5 conditions to look out for in pre-term infants
- RDS: Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- NEC: Necrotizing Enterocolitis
- TTN: Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn
- BPD: Bronchopulmonary Dysplacia
- ROPM: Retinopathy of Prematurity
Most common cause of Apnea in neonates
Apnea of Prematurity
Immediate management of Apnea in the Newborn
> Stimulation + O2 supplementation for 30s
PPV for 30s
Intubate
CPR if <60bpm
Medical management for Apnea
Methylxanthines (Caffeine or Theophylline)
Expected chest x ray findings of the above case
Fine Reticular granularity of the parenchyma and air bronchograms
Expected chest x ray findings of Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn
Prominent vascular markings, fluid-filled intralobar fissures, overaeration, flat diaphragms
Initial diagnosis for a newborn presenting with respiratory distress, with additional findings of 80% O2 sat, tachycardia, and a PaO2 gradient in R radial artery vs umbilical artery
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension
Pathophysiology of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension
Persistence of the fetal circulatory pattern of Right-to-Left shunt through the PDA and Foramen Ovale
Expected CXR findings for PPH
Normal CXR findings
Diagnostic test of choice for PPH
2D Echo with Doppler flow
Diagnosis?
Finely granular lungs, ground glass appearance
Hyaline membrane disease
