Neolithic/Ancient Near East

Question 1

Neolithic Culture

Answer 1

(8,000-3,000 BCE)

• economy based on agriculture and domestication of animals
• proliferation of art

Question 2

Stonehenge

Answer 2

(3,000 BCE/Neolithic) Salisbury plain, Wiltshire, England

-possibly and astronomical observatory and solar calendar

Question 3

Ancient Near-East

Answer 3

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-remains of the oldest known settled communities between Turkey, Iran,Iraq, Syria, and Egypt

Question 4

Çatal Höyük

Answer 4

(6,000-59,000 BCE/Neolithic) Anolia/Turkey

• one of the first urban sites
• its regularity suggests a predetermined plan
• a plan including defense, where entrances to buildings are only on rooftops
• interior encludes ancient mural painting

Question 5

Summerian Culture

Answer 5

(4,000-2340 BCE/Neolithic)

• The Sumerians founded the world’s first city-states in the valley between theTigris and Euphrates rivers and invented writing in the fourth millennium BCE.
• They were also the first to build towering temple platforms, called ziggurats, and to place figures in registers to tell coherent stories.

Question 6

Innana/Warka Head

Answer 6

(3,500-3,000BCE/Neolithic) Sumerian

• (It may) represent the goddess Inanna and originally had inlaid colored shell or stone eyes and brows, and a wig, probably of gold leaf.
• Innana is the Sumerian godess of love and war
• most important femaile diety in mesopotania also known as ishtar
• mable (imported at great cost)

Question 7

Statuettes of Two Worshippers

Answer 7

(2,700BCE)Sumerian

• evidence of Sumerian beliefs and ritual, offering perpetual worship
• wide eyes belived to represent wakefulness of these substitute worshippers offering tributes to a diety

Question 8

Bull-Headed Lyre

Answer 8

(2,600 BCE)Sumerian, iraq

• lyre from roay grave at Ur had bulls head of gold leaf and lapis lasuli and inlaid figures of a hero and animals acting out scenes of uncertain significance
• from tomb 789

Question 9

Standard of Ur

Answer 9

(2600BCE/Sumerian) Ancient Near East

-wood inlay box, possibly depicting a victury banquet

Question 10

Bronze Head of Sargon

Answer 10

(2250-220BCE/Akkadian) Ancient Near East

• first known cast metal portrait head,
• embodies absolute power

Question 11

Victory Steele of Naram-Sin

Answer 11

(2,300-200BCE/Akkadian) Ancient Near East

-commemerates ruler’s god-like status and military victory at Lullubi

Question 12

Seated Statue of Gueda with architectual plans

Answer 12

(2,100BCE/Babylonean)

-one of multiple Gueds Portraits rejecting regal trappings for traditional pious Sumerianvotive offering posture.

Question 13

Code of Hammurabi

Answer 13

(1780BCE/Babylonean)

-tablet and steele recording code of King hammurabi, one of first doccumented codes of law

Question 14

Citadel of Sargon II

Answer 14

(720-705BCE/Babylonean) Iraq

-Absolute Power articulated in military citadel enclosing massive ziggurat (massive structures resembling terraced step pyramid)

Question 15

Ishtar Gate

Answer 15

(575BCE/Persian Empire) Babylon iraq

• babylon under king Nebuchandezzar II was one of the greates cities of the aincient world.
• glazed bricks depict Marduk and Nabu’s Dragon and Adad’s Bull

Question 16

Persepolis

Answer 16

(559-300BCE/Persian Empire) Iran

-heavily fortified complex of persian royal buildings on a large plateau

-The most important source of knowledge about
Persian art and architecture is the ceremonial and administrative complex is on the citadel