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NEMS Exam 2 > NEMS 14.6 Anti-Seizure Pharm > Flashcards

NEMS 14.6 Anti-Seizure Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

What are Phenytoin (Dilantin) and Carbamazepine (Tegretol) used to treat?

A

Partial and Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures

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2
Q

Describe the MOA and side effects for Phenytoin (Dilantin) and Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

A
  1. MOA: suppress sustained rapid neuronal firing by blocking presynaptic VG-Na+ channels. Decreases excitatory transmission.
  2. Side Effects: diplopia (double vision), ataxia
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3
Q

What is Lamotrigine (Lamictal) used to treat?

A

Partial and Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures

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4
Q

Describe the use, MOA, and side effects of Lmotrigine (Lamictal)

A
  1. Use: broad spectrum seizure med. Including absence seizures.
  2. MOA: Blocks VG Na+ channels AND VG Ca++ channels. Decreases excitatory transmission.
  3. Side Effects: dizzy, headache, seadation, hypersensitivity.
    a. Synergistic with valproic acid.
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5
Q

What is Valproic Acid (Depakote) used to treat?

A

Partial and Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures

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6
Q

Describe the Use, MOA, and side effects of Valproid Acid (Depakote)

A
  1. Use: broad spectrum. Including absence
  2. MOA: blocks sustained repetitive neuronal firing. Might block VG Na+ channels (decreases excitation) and Increase GABA-mediated inhibition.
  3. Side Effect: GI distress.
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7
Q

What is Ethosuximide (Zarontin) used to treat?

A

Absence Seizures only

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8
Q

Describe the MOA and Side effects for Ethosuximide (Zarontin)

A
  1. MOA: Reduces Ca++ currents limit spontaneous neuronal firing.
  2. Side Effects: GI distress.
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9
Q

What is Gabapentin (Neurontin) used to treat?

A

As an adjunct drug for seizures or neuropathic pain.

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10
Q

Describe the MOA and Side effects of Gabapentin (Neurontin)

A
  1. MOA: This is an analog of GABA, but does NOT act directly as GABA agonist. Blocks VG-Ca++ channels presynaptically to decrease excitatory neurotransmission.
  2. Side effects: somnolence, dizziness, ataxia.
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11
Q

What is Leviteracetam (Keppra) used to treat?

A

As an adjunction drug for seizures

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12
Q

Describe the MOA and side effects of Levetiracetam (Keppra)

A
  1. MOA: acts on synaptic vesicular protein (SV2A) to modify neurotransmitter release both at excitatory and inhibitor nerve terminals (some how)
  2. Side effects: somnolence, possible modd changes/psychoses.
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13
Q

What type of seizure disorder can Diazepam (Valium) and Lorazepam (Ativan) be used to treat?

A

Status epiliepticus

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14
Q

Describe the MOA and SIide effects of Diazepam and Lorazepam

A
  1. MOA: increase GABA-mediated inhibition via GABA-A receptor binding.
  2. Side Effects: sedation (realize when taken for other conditions, this is the goal!)
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NEMS Exam 2 (4 decks)

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