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Nematodes 1 > Nematodes PpT > Flashcards

Nematodes PpT Flashcards

1
Q

Adults in SI of pig, rat,
domestic & wild carnivores
and man

A

Trichinella spiralis

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2
Q

Larva is found in muscles
* Same host serves both as
definitive/final and
intermediate host
No free-living stage (larva
and adult are parasitic

A

Trichinella spiralis

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3
Q

World’s largest intracellular
parasite
* Causes
Trichinellosis/Trichinosis
No free-living stage (larva
and adult are parasitic

A

Trichinella spiralis

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3
Q

common name T.spiralis

A

trichina/muscle/Pig worm

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3
Q

infective first stage larva of Trichinella spiralis in its Nurse
cell in muscle tissue

A

(Nurse cell-parasite complex)

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4
Q

Affected pig muscles called “

A

trichinous meat

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5
Q

Diagnosis
Use of-

A

trichinoscopes

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6
Q

Treatment and Control

A

Thiabendazole

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7
Q

Trichuridae common name:

A

“whipworms”

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8
Q

Whipworm species MAN

A

Trichuris Trichiura

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8
Q

Third most common round
worm of humans
* Found in cecum and colon
one of the “big 4” intestinal
parasites of dog

A

Trichuridae

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9
Q

Whipworm species pig:

A

Trichuris suis

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9
Q

Whipworm species GOAT

A

Trichuris ovis

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10
Q

Whipworm species DOG

A

Trichuris vulpis

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11
Q

Whipworm species MOUSE

A

Trichuris muris

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12
Q

Whipworm species CAT

A

Trichuris campanula

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13
Q

Whipworm species CATTLE:

A

Trichuris discolor/globulosa

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14
Q

Spear-like projection at the anterior
end for anchorage; feed by means of
their oral stylets
* The egg is lemon or barrel-shaped
* direct life cycle with very resistant
infective egg

A

TRICHURIAE

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15
Q

Pathogenesis TRICHURIDAE

A
  • loss of weight due to profuse diarrhea
  • anemia
  • blood-tinged feces
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16
Q

Capillaria (Hairworms)
SITE : BLADDER of dog

A

Capillaria/
Pearsonema plica

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17
Q

Capillaria (Hairworms)
site Intestinal tract og birds, man

A

Capillaria/
Aonchotheca
philippinensis

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18
Q

Capillaria (Hairworms)
site Liver of rodents

A

Capillaria/
Calodium hepatica

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19
Q

Capillaria (Hairworms)
SITE Airways of fox

A

Eucoleus aerophils

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20
Q

Capillaria (Hairworms)
site Small intestine of birds

A

Capillaria
caudinflata

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21
Q

Capillaria (Hairworms)
Site crop of birds (I.H earworms)

A

Capillaria/
annulata

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22
Q

Capillaria (hairworm) Small intestine Birds (I.H.
earthworm)

A

Capillaria
obsignata/
columbae

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23
Q

capillaria (hairworm)
site esophagus Turkey

A

Capillaria contorta

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24
Q

Capillaria (Hairworms)
SITE abomasum ruminants

A

Capillaria bilobata

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25
Q

Male has an ensheathed spicule
* Female bears a protrusible vulva
* Egg is colorless, more barrel-shaped and
polar plug do not project as far

A

Capillaria sp.

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25
Q

Low grade infections produce cough, wheezy respiration,
weakness, and poor growth
* bronchopneumonia may lead to death

A

Nasal/Bronchial capillariosis

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26
Q

dysphagia due to inflammation and sloughing off of upper
GIT

A

Upper digestive tract capillariosis

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27
Q
  • First generation adult females are larviparous; Second
    generation lay eggs
    -severe malabsorption syndrome(protein-losing
    enteropathies
A

Intestinal capillariosis

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28
Q
  • First reported in Ilocos Norte 1960’s
  • Gastrointestinal enteritis outbreaks and death cases
    attributed to Capillaria in Mindanao
A

Intestinal capillariosis

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29
Q

Dysuria and cystitis

A

Urinary capillariosis

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29
Q

hepatitis, peritonitis, ascites ( may be fatal

A

Hepatic capillariosis

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29
Q

one of the largest species of nematodes and considered
as the largest nematode of animals (20-100 cm-female;
14-20 cm - male)

A

Dioctophyma renale

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30
Q

Dioctophyma renale COMMON name

A

“giant kidney worm”

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31
Q

SUPERFAMILY
ASCARIDOIDEA

A

Ascarididae
Oxyuridae
Kathlanida

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32
Q

ASCARIDIDAE genus

A

Ascaris
Parascaris
Toxocara
Toxascaris

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33
Q
  • SI of pig; may crossinfect humans (A.
    lumbricoldes)
  • May grow up to 16 cm
A

Ascaris suis/suum

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33
Q

Types of life cycle

A

Tracheal route of migration
* Somatic route of migration

34
Q

Pneumonia
 lung hemorrhage and edema result in
chronic, asthmalike condition
 “balling up” cause obstruction, perforation
and peritoniti

A

Ascaris suis/suum

34
Q

lipid layer of the
eggshell contains
ascarosides

A

Ascaris suis/suum

35
Q

lesion of ascaris suis

A

“Milk spot lesions

36
Q

Necrosis and mechanical
obstruction in a child with

A

A. lumbricoides

36
Q

Clinical signs

A

Pot belly
 diarrhea
 unthriftiness
 coughing; “thumps”
 jaundice

37
Q

3 Basic disease problems
common in swine farms

A

Scouring
pneumonia
parasitism

37
Q

Adult worms usually cause no symptoms if localised to
the intestinal lumen.
* Infestation may cause impaired growth in children.

A

Human ascariasis

38
Q

Larval migration may cause cough, dyspnea, haemoptysis
and eosinophilic pneumonitis

A

(Löffler’s syndrome)

39
Q

SI of equine
* tracheal route of migration
* prepatent period almost 3
months
* sub spherical shape egg

A

Parascaris equorum

39
Q

white fibrous tracts in the liver
* hemorrhagic pneumonia
* adults may cause impaction and perforation

A

parascaris equorum

40
Q

SI of cattle and buffalo
* worm in affected cattle undergoes somatic migration and
mobilized only during pregnancy
* calf infected via milk with L3

A

Toxocara/Neoascaris vitulorum

41
Q

Puppies are severely
affected in heavy
infections - potbelly,diarrhea, poor
coa

A

toxocara/neoascaris vitulorm

42
Q
  • Found in SI of cat
  • life cycle like T. canis but prenatal transmission does not
    occur
  • liver fibrosis and lobular pneumonia may occur if tracheal
    migration is present
A

Toxocara cati

43
Q

Toxocara cati transmmission:

A

transmammary route

44
Q

T. cati common name

A

“Arrow-headed worm of cat”

45
Q

SI of dog and cat
* transmission is by ingestion of paratenic hosts or by
ingestion of L2
* no migratory cycle takes place

A

Toxascaris leonina

46
Q

Visceral Larva Migrans
 Condition in man associated with some
nematode species

A

(T canis, T leonina, T
cati, Bayliscaris procyonis and
Strongyloides ransomi,)

47
Q

worms migrate aimlessly in the internal
organs of unnatural hosts causing chronic
granulomatous lesions
 usually seen in children <4 yrs
 may also occur in CNS of pigs

A

Visceral Larva Migrans

48
Q
  • larva recovered from brain of
    parrot with fatal encephalitis
A

Bayliscaris procyonis

49
Q

OXYURIDAE

A

Oxyuris
Enterobius

50
Q

Oxyuris equi common name:

A

“horse pinworm”

50
Q

Sloughing of intestinal mucosa due to feeding by
immature worms but no untoward clinical effects
* anal pruritus due to egg-laying females which result to
“rat-tailed” appearance

A

“horse pinworm”

50
Q

Masses of yellowish eggs in
the perineum of horse

A

“horse pinworm”

51
Q

Enterobius vermicularis commn name

A

“human
pinworm or seatworm

52
Q

Found in the cecum, appendix, and perineal region of
humans and other primates
* more common in temperate countries

A

Enterobius vermicularis “human
pinworm or seatworm”

53
Q

Found in the LI of horses
* unusual perpetual parasite
* viviparous female give birth to larvae almost as large as
the adult
* infection is by ingestion of larva through coprophagy
* non-pathogenic

A

Probstmayria vivipara

54
Q

SUPERFAMILY
SUBULOROIDEA

A

FAMILY HETERAKIDAE
Heterakis
Ascaridia

55
Q

cecum of domestic and wild birds
* transmission is by ingestion of L2 from the soil or by
ingestion of earthworm with L2

A

Heterakis gallinae

56
Q

transmits Histomonas meleagridis

A

Heterakis gallinae

57
Q

Found in the cecum of pheasants
* typhlitis leads to chronic wasting, emaciation, and deat

A

Heterakis isolonche

58
Q

Ascaridia in wild and domestic birds

A

Ascaridia galli

59
Q

Ascaridia in pigeon

A

A. columbae

60
Q

Ascaridia in turkey

A
  • A. dissimilis
61
Q

Ascaridia in game birds

A

A. compar

62
Q
  • Largest and most common nematode of chicken
A

Ascaridia galli

62
Q

Superfamily: Rhabditoidea
Family

A

Strongyloididae

62
Q

Strongyloides in equine

A

Strongyloides westeri

63
Q

Strongyloides in ruminants

A

S. papillosus

63
Q

Strongyloides in pigs

A

S. ransomi

64
Q

Strongyloides in dogs, cats, man

A
  • S. stercoralis
65
Q

Strongyloides in cat

A

S. cati

66
Q

Strongyloides in birds

A

S. avium

67
Q

Modes of transmission Strongyloides spp

A

Transcolostral part. in swine
* hyperinfection (S. stercoralis)
* autoinfection
* ingestion of infective larva
* skin penetratio

67
Q

sp. Rhabditiform or filariform esophagus
* viviparous or ovoviviparous female

A

Strongyloides spp

68
Q

STRONGYLUS SPP common name

A

Palisade or “red worms of horses”

68
Q

STRONGYLIDAE

A

Strongylus
Oesophagostomum
Chabertia

69
Q

site Strongylus spp

A

Found in the cecum and colon of horses
* Well developed buccal capsule, leaf crown, and
copulatory bursa

70
Q

Ulcers because they are “plug feeders

A

strongylus spp.

70
Q

Oesophagostomum sp

A

“Nodular worm of pigs and ruminants”

70
Q

Extensive “pimply gut” lesions interfere with absorption
and bowel movement
* Ruptured nodules may cause peritonitis and multiple
organ adhesion

A

Oesophagostomum sp.

71
Q

site of adult nodule worm live in the goats and sheep

A

large and small intestine

72
Q

CHABERTIA OVINA common name

A

“Large-mouthed bowel worm”

73
Q

chabertia - buccal capsule attached to
intestinal mucosa

A

Chabertia ovina

74
Q

“Kidney worm of pig”
Found in kidney and perirenal tissue; May migrate
erratically to other organs
* Prevalent in warm and tropical regions

A

Stephanurus dentatus

74
Q

Family: STEPHANURIDAE

A

genus Stephanurus

74
Q

Infection by
* ingestion of L3
* ingestion of earthworm (paratenic host) which have accumulated
larvae

A

Stephanurus dentatus

75
Q

Morphology
* Cup shaped buccal capsule
* Has epaulletes
* Large, stout worm
* Pinkish in color when fresh

A

Stephanurus dentatus

76
Q

Also known as the “gapeworm of poultry”
* Found in the trachea of non- aquatic birds

A

Syngamus trachea

77
Q

May cause ecchymotic hemorrhages and pneumonia
during migration
* occludes air passages which lead to difficulty in breathing
(gaping movements

A

syngamus trachea

Nematodes 1 (2 decks)

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