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Parasitology - Endoparasites > Nematodes > Flashcards

Nematodes Flashcards

1
Q

What kingdom and phylum are nematodes in?

A

Animal nematoda

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2
Q

Nematodes are cylindrical and have a range of sizes. What is the name for a species with 2 sexes? Which sex is largest and why?

A

Dioecious

Females - carry eggs

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3
Q

Are nematodes free living or parasitic?

A

Both

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4
Q

Describe a cross section of a nematode from out to in

A

Cuticle, hypodermis, muscle cells, fluid filled cavity, gut

Uterus containing eggs above gut in female

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5
Q

What female reproductive organs are present in a nematode?

A

Ovary
Uterus
Vulva and vulva flap (near eggs)

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6
Q

What male reproductive organs are present in a nematode?

A

Testes
Vas deferens
Cloaca

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7
Q

What are cervical papillae and where are they found? What is their function?

A

Small projections either side of the oesophagus (neck region)
Sensory function

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8
Q

In which nematodes are bursa (or bursa copulatrix) found?

A

Males only

Sub-order strongylata only

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9
Q

What are spicules and in which nematodes are they found in? What are they composed of?

A

Protractible rods, accessory sex organ
MALES only
Chitin

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10
Q

Describe the digestive tract of a nematode from mouth to anus

A 
Mouth
Buccal cavity 
Oesophagus
Intestine
Anus
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11
Q

What is the excretory pore found in nematodes? Where is it found?

A

Pore used to excrete nitrogenous waste

Neck region of the nematode

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12
Q

What are the cervical and caudal alae?

A

Flat expansions of the cuticle

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13
Q

What are rhabiditiform nematodes?

A

Nematodes where the oesophagus is short in comparison to nematode length. Oesophagus also dilated

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14
Q

What are filariform nematodes?

A

Nematodes where oesophagus is long in comparison to nematode and NOT dilated

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15
Q

Multiple species of nematodes cause which problem in sheep? Which nematodes mainly cause this? How was this treated but what is an issue now?

A 
Parasitic gastroenteritis (PGE)
Trichostrongylus spp, Telodorsagia spp, Cooperia spp
Anthelmintics --> multidrug resistance
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16
Q

Which nematodes cause worms in the sheep abomasum?

A

Haemonchus contortus
Trichostrongylus axei
Telodorsagia circumcincta

17
Q

Which nematodes cause worms in the SI of sheep?

A

Cooperia
Nematodirus spp
Trichostrongylus spp

18
Q

Which nematodes cause worms in the LI of sheep and cattle?

A

Chabertia
Oesophagostomum spp
Trichuris

19
Q

What is the defining feature of the chabertia worm (LI of sheep and cattle)?

A

Large buccal cavity

20
Q

What is the defining feature of oesophagostomum spp (LI of sheep/cattle)?

A

Leaf crown

Cervical vesicles

21
Q

What is Trichuris spp (in LI of sheep and cattle) also known as?

A

Whipworm

Parasitology - Endoparasites (9 decks)

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