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Unit 5: Micro > Neisseria Meningitidis and Gonorrhoeae > Flashcards

Neisseria Meningitidis and Gonorrhoeae Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary determinant of Neisseria pathogenicity?

A

Virulence factors

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2
Q

What are the virulence factors of Neisseria?

A
  • LOS
  • IgA protease
  • Meningococcus capsule
  • Gonococcusc pili
  • Porins
  • Opa
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3
Q

Describe the cellular characteristics of Neisseria meningitids

A

Encapsulated, oxidase (+), catalase (+), gram (-) diplococci that are restricted to humans and ferment glucose and maltose (NOT sucorse or lactose)

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4
Q

What media must be used to culture N. menigitidis?

A

Chocoalte agar or Thayer-Martin agar

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5
Q

What is the major defense mechanism to meningococcus and gonococcus? What predisposes a person to these infections?

A

Complement mediated PMNs.

Complement deficiency predisposes to complications

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6
Q

What does untreated gonococcus lead to in women?

A

PID

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7
Q

What are other serious complications following disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI) and meningococcemia?

A

Septic arthritis, meningitis, endocarditis

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8
Q

What is the typical prevalence of gonococcus vs. meningococcus?

A

Gonococcus is endemic while meningococcus occurs in breakouts

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9
Q

What is the typical treatment for neonate meningococcus prophylaxis?

A

Eye ointment upon birthing to prevent ocular infection

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10
Q

Preventive measures for gonococcus and meningococcus?

A

Gono - condoms

Meningo - vaccine

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11
Q

Tx for gonococcus/meningococcus?

A

Ceftriaxone, cefiximine

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12
Q

How are meningococcus and gonococcus transmitted?

A
  • Meningococcus - aerosols
  • Gonococcus - direct contact (sexually or at birth
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13
Q

What predisposes a person to infection with meningococcus?

A

Complement C6-C9 deficiency

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14
Q

What regions of the body are typically affected by meningococcus?

A

Joints and meninges

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15
Q

What is a serious sequela of Meningococcemia?

A

Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome

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16
Q

What is the primary virulence factor of meningococcus?

A

Polysaccharide capsule that resists phagocytosis

17
Q

Describe the testing procedure for meningococcal septic arthritis, meningitis, and meningococcemia

A

Draw up fluid (CSF, synovial fluid, blood), cluture on chocolate agar, NOT blood agar

18
Q

What is the primary Tx strategy for meningococcus infection? What is a BIG no-no?

A

Penicillin G; NO STEROIDS

19
Q

Prevention against meningococcus?

A

VACCINE (and prophylactic ABs)

20
Q

What are major differences between meningococcus and gonococcus?

A
  • Gonococcus extremely sensitive to dehydration/cold
  • NOT encapsulated
21
Q

What virulence factor contributes to Disseminated Gonococcal Infection?

A

Porin A and B

22
Q

What are the typical presentations of males and females infected with gonococcus?

A

Males are typically symptomatic while females are typically asympotmatic

23
Q

What is the difference betwixt the virulence factors of meningococcus and gonococcus?

A

Meningococcus and Gono - Both IgA protease

Gono - Pili, Opa (for cell adherence), Porin A and B (serum resistance)

24
Q

What is Fitz-Hugh Curtis Syndrome?

A

Bacteria (gonorrea or chlamydia) that jump from fallopian to to liver

25
Q

What is the typical strategy for determining gonococcal infection?

A

Obtain sample from genitals and culture on Thayer-Martin agar

26
Q

Why use Thayer-Martin agar over chocolate agar?

A

Thayer-Martin has drugs that inhibit growth of normal flora and allow gonococcus to grow

27
Q

When testing for gonococcus, when is it acceptable to use chocolate agar?

A

When you are sampling from a normally sterile site

28
Q

How do you differentiate disseminated meningococcus from gonococcus?

A

Only meningococcus ferment maltose

29
Q

What situtation is a child typically found with a gonococcus infection?

A

Sexual abuse; legal implications

Unit 5: Micro (5 decks)

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