Neighborhoods & Health

Question 1

Dissimilarity

Answer 1

An index used in studies, that measures racial segregation

-Proportion of a racial group that needs to move across units to achieve even distribution
(0 = no segregation, 1 = complete segregation)

Question 2

Isolation

Answer 2

Isolation: extent to which member of a group is in contact with members of same group within the same unit
(0 = no residential segregation, 1 = complete segregation)

Question 3

Compositional or Contextual

Answer 3

Compositional - the difference that people make to places

Contextual - the difference that places make to people

Question 4

Neighborhood Environments -Mechanisms

Answer 4

• Physical = housing stock, pollution, noise, traffic patterns
• Service = stores, health services, parks, rec facilities.
• Social = civic engagement, crime, social disorder

Question 5

Challenges in Neighborhood Research, proposed solutions

Answer 5

1. Disentangling compositional from contextual effects - multi-level analysis
2. Household mobility - longitudinal data
3. Long latency of some health outcomes - choose outcomes sensibly, longitudinal data.
4. Modifiable areal unit problem - better theory
5. Overall effects may mask strong effects for certain groups. Test cross-level interactions