Negligence Flashcards
Negligence elements
- Duty
- Breach
- Causation
- Harm
Learned hand formula
B < (P x L)
B = burden of precaution
P = possibility of risk
L = loss value
When does duty exist in Learned Hand Formula?
When B < (P x L)
What is typical standard of care?
Reasonable prudent person (objective)
SOC for adult
Must act as a reasonable prudent person would in like circumstances (objective)
Is SOC objective or subjective?
Objective
What are the six additional factors for SOC?
- Customs
- Disability
- Child
- Professional
- Emergency situations
- Premises
What is the acronym for SOC factors?
CDC
PEP
When are customs not controlling on SOC?
When a reasonable person would not follow them
Does following customs preclude a finding of negligence?
No
Does not following customs preclude a finding of negligence
No
Sudden Emergency Doctrine
SOC for person facing sudden emergency not of his making = must act as a reasonable prudent person would have in an emergency
Old Age Rule
- Old age by itself does not count as disability
- Infirmities associated with old age may be considered by jury
- Examples: osteoporosis, bad hearing, arthritis
Physical disability SOC
Must act as a reasonable prudent person with that physical disability would act
Mental disability SOC
Must act as a reasonable prudent person would act,, regardless of capacity to comprehend actions
Are mentally disabled persons liable for negligent torts?
Yes
Can employed caretakers sue incapacitated patients for negligence?
No
Sudden Mental Capacity - Majority View
No allowances, even in cases of sudden insanity or mental deficiency
Sudden Mental Capacity - Minority View
Allowances only when
- Sudden and
- Unforeseeable
SOC for Child
Child of like age, intelligence, and experience UNLESS
- engaged in adult activity
- engaged in dangerous activity
What are the exceptions for a child SOC?
- Engaged in adult activity
2. Engaged in dangerous activity
Is operating a motor vehicle considered an adult activity (re: Child SOC)?
Yes
Is hunting considered engaging in dangerous activity (re: Child SOC)?
No
What age is SOC applied for a child (majority view)?
Not applied = 3-
Applied = 7+