Neet Bio 💃 Flashcards
1
Q
Name three biennial plants.
A
Sugar beet cabbage carrot
2
Q
Vernalisation is shown by _____ plants
A
Biennial plants
3
Q
Name three important food plants having two varieties winter and spring.
A
Wheat Rye barley
4
Q
Site of perception of light/ dark in plants are
A
Leaves
5
Q
In plants were there is no correlation between duration of Sunlight exposure and induction a flowering response are called
A
Day neutral plants
6
Q
Hormone playing an important in seed development maturation and dormancy is
A
ABA
7
Q
Aba stimulates – of stomata
A
Closure
8
Q
Aba inhibits _ and _
A
Plant metabolism and seed germination
9
Q
Pgr inhibitor
A
Abscissc acid
10
Q
In cucumber ethylene promotes
A
Female flowering
11
Q
The type Ethylene hastening fruit ripening in tomatoes and apple is
A
Ethepon
12
Q
Widely used pgr in agriculture
A
Ethylene
13
Q
Flowering in mango is induced by pgr
A
Ethylene
14
Q
Ethylene initiate flowering and synchronises fruit set in
A
Pineapples
15
Q
Ethylene Promotes root growth and root hair formation by increasing their
A
Surface area
16
Q
Pgr involved in Sporting a Potato Tuber is
A
Ethylene
17
Q
Ethylene promotes Rapid ____ in deep water rice plant
A
Internode / Petiole elongation
18
Q
Ethylene initiate germination in
A
Peanut seeds
19
Q
Ethylene Promotes fruit ripening by enhancing the
A
Respiration rate
20
Q
Ethylene promotes senescence and abscission of
A
Leaves and flowers
21
Q
Horizontal growth of seedlings, swelling of the axis is promoted by
A
Ethylene
22
Q
Apical hook formation in Dicot seedlings is promoted by
A
Ethylene
23
Q
Cytokinins promotes nutrient mobilization which help in the delay of
A
Leaf senescence
24
Q
The hormone that helps overcome apical dominance
A
Cytokinins
25
The plant growth hormone that help in the production of new leaves, chloroplast lateral shoot growth and adventitious shoot formation
Cytokinins
26
Bolting in beet and cabbage is can be induced by application of
gibberellins
27
Process of internode elongation just prior to flowering is called
Bolting
28
Gibberellins can induce early seed production in
Conifers
29
The plant growth hormone used to delay senescence and speed up the malting process is
Gibberellins
30
Auxin is responsible for controlling differentiation of which vascular tissue
Xylem
31
Auxin used to kill dicot weeds
2 4-d
32
Technique widely applied in tea plantation and hedge making it
Decapitation
33
Auxin promote flowering in which fruit
Pineapples
34
Auxin was first isolated from
Human urine
35
The presence of Ethylene was first confirmed by
H. H Cousins
36
Cytokinesis promoting active substance discovered by Miller was termed
Kinetin
37
Auxin was isolated by which scientist from tips of coleoptile of oat seedlings
F. W Went
38
The discovery of plant growth hormone started with the observation of Charles Darwin and his son on unilateral illumination of ____ by growing towards light source
Coleoptile
39
The plant growth hormone playing an important role in plant responses to wounds and stresses of biotic and abiotic origin is
Aba
40
Gaseous plant growth regulator with inhibits growth activities is
Ethylene
41
Plant growth hormone composed of terpenes is
Gibberellic acid
42
Plant growth hormone which is a derivative of carotenoid is
Aba
43
Name extrinsic factors affecting plant development
Light temperature water oxygen nutrition
44
Plant Development is considered as the sum of its
Growth and differentiation
45
In buttercup difference in shapes of leaves produced in air and in water is an example of
Heterophylly / plasticity
46
The process the includes all changes thatan organism goes through during its life cycle from germination of the seed to senescence iscalled
Development
47
The cells positioned away from root apical Meristem differentiate as
Root cap cells
48
During dedifferentiation when meristems are able to divide and produce cells that once again lose capacity to divide but then mature to perform specific function is known as
Redifferentiation
49
Formation of interfascicular cambium from parenchyma cells is an example of
Dedifferentiation
50
Formation of cork cambium
Dedifferentiation
51
The living differentiated cells that have lost the capacity to divide can regain the capacity of division under certain condition the process is called
Dedifferentiation
52
Secondary cell walls of tracheary elements are composed of
Lignocellulose
53
In order to form a tracheary element cell will lose its
Protoplasm
54
The living differentiated cells that have lost the capacity to divide can regain the capacity of division under certain conditions called as
Dedifferentiation
55
An example of dedifferentiation in plants is
Formation of cotk cambium
56
Formation of interfascicular cambium from parenchyma cells is an example of
Dedifferentiation
57
During dedifferentiation when meristems are able to divide and produce cells that once again lose capacity to divide but then mature to perform specific functions is known as
Redifferentiation
58
The cells positioned away from root apical Meristem differentiate as
Root cap cells
59
The process that includes all changes that an organism goes through during its life cycle in germination of the seed to senescence is called
Development
60
The ability of plants to follow different pathways in response to environment or phases of life to form different kinds of structures is called
Plasticity
61
In buttercup the difference in shapes of leaves produced by air and in water is an example of
Heterophylly or plasticity
62
Plant development is considered as the sum of its
Growth and differtiation
63
Name three extrinsic factors affecting plant development
Light temperature water oxygen nutrition
64
Pgr stands for
Plant growth regulators
65
An indole containing pgr is
Indole 3 acetic acid
66
A pgr with adenine derivative is
Kinetin or N6 furfurylamino purine
67
A PGR which is derivative of carotenoid is
Abscisic acid
68
PGR composed of terpenes is
Gibberllic acid
69
Name a gaseous PGR
Ethylene
70
The PGRs which are involved in growth promoting activities are called
Plant growth promoters
71
A gaseous plant growth regulator which inhibits growth activities is
Ethylene
72
The pgr playing an important role in plant responses to wounds and stresses of biotic and abiotic origin is
Abscissc acid
73
Discovery of pgr started with observations of Charles Darwin and his son on Unilateral illumination of _____ by growing towards light source
Coleoptile
74
Auxin was isolated by which scientist from the tips of coleoptiles of oat seedlings
FW Went
75
The bakanae(foolish seedling) disease of rice seedlings was caused by a fungal pathogen
Gibberella fujikuroi
76
The active substances held responsible for causing bakanae in rice seedlings was
Gibberelibs
77
Cytokinesis promoting active substance discovered by Miller was termed
Kinetin
78
Inhibitor B, abscission ll and dormin were identified chemically same and namef as
Abscisic acid
79
The process of the ethylene was first confirmed by
H.H cousins
80
The process of maturation of cells derived from a meristems and cambium to perform specific functions is called
Differentation
81
The two environmental signals that affect certain phases plan growth are
Light and gravity
82
____ are required by plants for energy and synthesis of Protoplasm
Nutrients
83
______ helps in releasing metabolic energy essential for growth activities
Oxygen
84
The three most Essential elements for plant growth are
Water, oxygen and nutrients
85
Turgidity of cells helps in growth by
Extension
86
Plants grow in size by
Cell enlargement
87
The growth of the given system per unit time expression a common basis is called
Realtive growth rate
88
Measurement and comparison of total growth per unit time is called
Absolute growth rate
89
What is measure of efficiency index in exponential growth expression
Realtive growth rate
90
Lag and stationary phases are characteristics of____ growth
Exponential
91
r' in exponential growth expression represents
Realtive growth rate
92
The curve which is a characteristic of living organism growing in a natural environment is
Sigmoid
93
The curve of exponential growth is
Sigmoid
94
The exponential growth in plants slow down due to
Limited nutrient supply
95
The growth in which both the progeny of cells following mitotic cell division retain their ability to divide and continue dividing is
Exponential growth
96
The type of growth in which initial growth is slow but increases rapidly afterwards is
Exponential growth
97
The curve Arithmetic growth comes out to be
Linear
98
Root elongation a constant rate is an example of
Arithematic growth
99
In Which type of growth following mitotic cell division only one daughter cell continues to divide while the other differentiates and matures
Arithematic
100
The increased growth per unit time is called
Growth rate
101
Cells in maximum size corresponds to which phase of growth
Maturation
102
Increase vacoulation cell enlargement and new cell wall delosition are characteristics of the cells in which phase of growth
Elongation
103
Abundant Protoplasm large nuclei and primary nature of walls are characteristics of cells undergoing __ growth
Meristematic
104
The period of growth is divided into three phases namely
Meristmatic elongation and maturation
105
Growth of dorsiventral leaf is measured in terms of
Surface area
106
Growth of pollen tube measured in terms of
Length
107
One single Maize root apical Meristem can give rise to more than ____ new cells per hour
17500
108
Increase in fresh weight, dry weight, length, area, volume are parameters for measuring increase in
Growth
109
Lateral meristems are responsible for ___ growth of plant
Secondary
110
The meristems that cause increase in girth of organs are known as
Lateral meristems
111
The two Lateral Meristem are
Vascular and cork cambium
112
Lateral Meristem appear later in life in ___ and ____
Dicots and gymnosperms
113
Root and shoot Meristem are responsible for___ growth of plants
Primary
114
The former growth where in new cells are always being added to plant body by the activity of the Meristem is called ___ form of growth
Open
115
Plants retain capacity for unlimited growth throughout their life due to presence of
Meristems
116
The most fundamental and fundamental characteristic of living beings is
Growth
117
The first step in the process of plant growth is
Seed germination
118
_____ is the sum of growth and differentiation
Development
119
mechanism of breakdown of food materials within the cell to release energy
Cellular respiration
120
Energy released is stored in the form of
ATP
121
In eukaryotes The breakdown of complex molecules to release energy takes place in
Cytoplasm and mitochondria
122
Breakdown of carbon to carbon bonds of Complex compounds through oxidation in the cells leading to the release of considerable amount of energy is called
Respiration
123
Biomolecules commonly used as a substrate is
Carbohydrates
124
Energy is released during the process of _____ during photosynthesis
Oxidation
125
Respiration in plants occurs with the help of
Oxygen
126
Structure in plants responsible for gaseous exchange are
Lenticels and stomata
127
living cells beneath the bark having openings for gaseous exchange are called
Lenticels
128
Interconnected network of air spaces is provided by loose packaging of which cells in leaf stem and root
Parenchyma cells
129
The combustion of glucose produce what with along energy
Carbon dioxide and water
130
Breakdown of glucose and pyruvic acid is called
Glycolysis
131
Glycolysis is also called
Emp pathway
132
The scheme of glycolysis was given by the contribution of
Gustav embden. Otto meyerhof. And J parnas
133
Only process of respiration in anaerobic organisms is
Glycolysis
134
In glycolysis glucose undergoes partial oxidation
| to form two molecules of
Pyruvic acid
135
In plants, glucose is usually derived from
Sucrose
136
The end product of photosynthesis
Sucrose
137
Enzyme that converts glucose to sucrose
Invertase
138
The monosaccharides that readily enter glycolytic pathway is
Glucose and fructose
139
Glucose / Fructose is phosphorylated to form
Glucose 6 phosphate
140
the enzyme responsible for phosphorylating glucose/Fructose is
Hexokinase
141
Total number of reactions occurring in glycolysis
10
142
Conversion of glucose to glucose 6 phosphate requires
Utilisation of ATP
143
In Glycolysis atp is required to convert Fructose 6 phosphate to
Fructose 1 6 bisphosphate
144
Fructose 1 6 bisphosphate splits into
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate and 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde
145
PGAL is converted into
1,3 - bisphosphoglycerate
146
Two Redox equivalents are removed in the form of two hydrogen atoms from which compound and transferred to a molecule of NAD+
3 phosphoglyceraldehyde
147
BPGA is converted into
3 Phosphoglyceric acid
148
In glycolysis during synthesis of what ATP is yielded.
PGA and pyruvic acid
149
The compound directly converted to pyruvic acid
Phosphoenolpyruvate
150
The key product of glycolysis is
Pyruvate
151
The process that takes place for oxidation of glucose under anaerobic condition in many prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes is
Fermentation
152
Process of incomplete oxidation of glucose in yeast is
Fermentation
153
During fermentation pyruvic acid is converted to
Carbon dioxide and ethanol
154
The formation of carbon dioxide in fermentation is catalyzed by the enzyme
Pyruvic acid decarboxylase
155
The process of production of Ethanol during fermentation is catalysed by the enzyme
Alcohol dehydrogenase
156
Bacteria produce___ by pyruvic acid during fermentation
lactic acid
157
Conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is catalysed by
Lactate dehydrogenase
158
Reducing agent in fermentation is
N A D H + H+
159
Percentage of energy released in glucose by fermentation is less than
7%
160
Alcohol poisons itself to death when concentration of alcohol reaches above
13%
161
Aerobic respiration in eukaryotes occur in
Mitochondria
162
The process of complete oxidation of organic compounds in the presence of oxygen to release CO2 water and energy is called
Aerobic respiration
163
Aerobic respiration to take place pyruvate is transported from cytoplasm to
Mitochondria
164
Complete oxidation of pyruvate leaving three molecules of Co2 is a crucial step in the process of
Aerobic Respiration
165
During aerobic respiration the passing on of the electrons removed as a part of hydrogen atom to the molecular O2 leads to the synthesis of
ATP
166
Oxidation of pyruvate releasing 3 molecules Co2 occurs in the
Mitochondrial matrix
167
In which compartment synthesis of ATP take place
Inner membrane of Mitochondria
168
Product formed by glycolytic catabolism of carbohydrate in the cytosol forms
Pyruvate
169
Pyruvate after entering mitochondrial Matrix undergoes the process of
Oxidative decarboxylation
170
Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate is catalyzed by enzyme
Pyruvic dehydrogenase
171
The coenzymes required by pyruvate dehydrogenase to catalyse the reaction are
N A D + and CoA
172
Weak acid is converted to carbon dioxide N A D H, H + and ____ by the action of pyruvate dehydrogenase
Acetyl CoA
173
How many Molecules of nadh are produced by oxidative decarboxylation of two molecules of pyruvic acid
2
174
The compound that enters TCA cycle is
Acetyl CoA
175
TCA cycle was elucidated for the first time by
Hans Kerbs
176
TCA cycle starts with the condensation of acetyl group with water and
Oxaloacetic acid
177
In TCA, acetyl group condenses with OAA and water to yield
Citric acid
178
The reaction of synthesis of citric acid is catalysed by
Citrate synthase
179
Citrate is isomerised to form
Isocitrate
180
The technique of growing plants in a nutrient solution is known
Hydroponics
181
The scientist who demonstrated hydroponics for the first time
Julius Von Sachs
182
In hydroponics it is important that the nutrients solution must be
Aerated
183
Most of minerals are provided to plant by
Soil
184
How to 105 discovered elements more than ___ are found in different varieties of plants
60
185
An essential element should be directly involved in the___ of plant
Metabolism
186
Element which cannot be replaced by another element is called
Essential element
187
The macronutrients obtained on carbon dioxide and water are
Carbon hydrogen and oxygen
188
Micro elements are also called as
Trace elements
189
Name all the micro elements of plants
Iron manganese copper molybdenum zinc Boron chlorine and Nickel
190
The beneficial elements required by higher plants are
Na si co se
191
Elements are classified into four groups on the basis of their
Diverse functions
192
Structural elements
c h o n
193
Energy related element in chlorophyll is
Magnesium
194
Sexual reproduction which include similar gametes which are motile and and not true in
Ulothrix and blue green algae respectively
195
Which order does mango belong to
Mango belongs to the order sapindales
196
What structure is found in colocasia and zaminkand
Corm
197
What is a structure with in which a branch arise from base of main stem grow aerialy and form and arch in air
Stolon
198
Equisetum has which type of spores
Homospores
199
Cord moss
Funaria
200
Gingko do not have zygotic meiosis T or F
T
201
Methylophilus methylotrophus
Single cell protein
202
Peduncle
Inflorescence axis
203
Which group of plants represent smallest group with perennial plants only
Gymnosperms
204
Endosperm in gymnosperms is
Gametophytic in nature
205
Neck Canal cells are absent in archegonia of
Gymnosperms having Archegonia
206
Roots have endogenous origin of lateral branches true or false
True
207
What origin of lateral branches do stem have
Exogenous origin
