Need to remeber Flashcards
What is a aldehyde functional group?
Carbonyl group and H group + R group
What is a ketone functional group?
Carbonyl group and two R groups
What is a Ether?
Oxygen bonded to two R groups
What is an ester?
Carbonyl group bonded to OR group and R group
Why is water a good solvent and what does this allow it do do?
Water is a good solvent as it is a polar molecule, which allows it to engage in hydrogen bonding with itself and other molecules
What are some unusual properties of water?
- -> High melting point and boiling point
- -> Solid water is less dense then liquid water
How does water interact with ionic substances
–> Hydrogen atoms on the water molecule stabilise the negative charge of the anion
–> Oxygen atom stablises the cation
These stabilising attractive interactions overcome the energy required to separate the cations and anions in the solid
What is a dipole-dipole interaction?
When a polar molecule dissolves in water a dipole dipole interaction between the temporary charges on the polar molecule and water molecule drives the dissolution
What happens in equalibrium if K is large?
The equ position has more products then reactants (the position of equ lies to the right)
What happens in equ if K is small?
If K is small, the equ has more reactants then products (It lies to the left)
When is K constant?
At a constant temperature
What is Q?
The reaction quotent describes the composition at any point in the equ
–> Q can have any positive value, before the reaction, it is 0. Once it starts the value of Q increases until Q = K
Where will the equ lie if Q > K?
Position of equ will move towards the left
Where will the equ like if Q < K?
The position of equ will move to the right
Do catalysts affect the position of equ?
No they only increase the rate at which a system reaches equ
