Need to excrete waste Flashcards
1
Q
How are proteins digested
A
- oxidative deamination
- protein becomes ammonia and carbon molecule (krebs)
2
Q
Tube within a tube
A
- the inside of a tube within the body is an OUTSIDE the body surface (digestive system, excretory system up until bowmans capsule in nephron)
3
Q
Where does intracellular waste come from?
A
- cellular reactions in metabolism and cell respiration
- drug and toxin metabolism
4
Q
What are examples of intracellular wastes?
A
- Co2, H2O, NH4+, PO4+
5
Q
How is waste excreted out of single cells?
A
diffusion
6
Q
How is waste excreted out of more than just one cell? Why is the process diff than with 1 cell?
A
- waste from other cells diffuse into ECM causing hypertonic env. diffusion no longer works
- combo of circulatory and excretory system
7
Q
What is the main purpose of the excretory system
A
- remove non-solid wastes from body
8
Q
Where does the excretory system rid of its waste? What wastes go through where?
A
- lungs: Co2 and H2O
- sweat glands/skin: H2O and salts
- Kidneys: Nitrogen waste out through pee
9
Q
Ammonia (solubility, toxicity and what animals)
A
- highly soluble
- highly toxic
- aquatic organisms
10
Q
Urea (solubility, toxicity and what animals)
A
- less soluble
- less toxic
- terrestrial organisms
11
Q
Uric acid (solubility, toxicity and what animals)
A
- not soluble
- less toxic
- egg laying organisms
12
Q
Why urea?
A
- land animals need to conserve H2O
- Also need to detoxicize ammonia waste since pee is concentrated. If it was ammonia and not urea, we’d be in trouble
- (urea big = less soluble = less toxic)
13
Q
What is urine composed of?
A
- urea
- salts
- excess sugar
- H2O
- urobilin
14
Q
Where/How is urea made?
A
- 2NH3 + CO2 = urea
- made in liver
15
Q
Why uric acid?
A
- egg laying animals have no place to excrete waste inside of egg
- need a very insoluble material so it stays away from embryo
- (uric acid = even bigger = less soluble = less toxic)
