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Pathology T2 > Necrosis > Flashcards

Necrosis Flashcards

1
Q

Necrosis

A

Death of a substantial number of cells within or attached to the living body

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2
Q

Pyknosis

A

Nuclear structure becomes dense, heavily stained, with smaller angular mass of chromatin.

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3
Q

Karyorrhexis

A

Nucleus has broken up into several pieces

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4
Q

Karyolysis

A

Nuclear staining with haematoxylin becomes faint and only the ghost outline of the nucleus remains

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5
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Sometimes stains brighter pink (more eosinophilic)

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6
Q

Three main causes of necrosis

A

Loss of blood supply, living agents, and non-living agents.

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7
Q

Hypoxia

A

reduced oxygen supple

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8
Q

Ischaemia

A

Loss of blood supply

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9
Q

Infraction

A

Sudden loss of blood supply to a portion of a tissue or organ

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10
Q

Parenchyma

A

Essential functioning cells

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11
Q

Stroma

A

Connective tissue or supportive cells

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12
Q

Three ways ischemia occurs

A

Compression, narrowing, blockage

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13
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

Narrowing, thickening, and hardening of vessel lumen or wall. Rare in animals.

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14
Q

Thrombus

A

Blood clot

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15
Q

Embolism

A

Blood clot breaks off and getting lodged somewhere in the body.

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16
Q

Examples of Ischaemia

A

Diamond Skin Disease and Ergot fungus

17
Q

Three Zones of Necrotic Lesions

A

Normal liver, zone of inflammation, central zone of necrosis

18
Q

Features of necrotic tissues

A

Color change and consistency

19
Q

Three main types of gross necrosis

A

Coagulative, liquefactive, caseous

20
Q

Fat necrosis

A

hard soap-like appearance of affected body fat

21
Q

Gangrene

A

Post necrotic change

22
Q

Coagulative Gross Necrosis

A

Retains the structure of the tissue but has a color change. Firm and dry

23
Q

Liquefactive Gross Necrosis Types

A

Malacia and abscesses

24
Q

Malacia

A

Thiamine deficiency in the CNS

25
Q

Abscess

A

Pyogenic spots produced by death of neutrophils

26
Q

Pyogenic

A

Pus producing

27
Q

Caseous Necrosis

A

Looks like cottage cheese. Complete loss of architecture cause by mycobacteria attacking macrophage

28
Q

Surface Necrosis Basement Membrane Intact

A

Epithelium regenerates via erosion

29
Q

Surface Necrosis Basement Membrane Breached

A

Repair by fibrosis via ulceration. Inflammatory response.

30
Q

Internal Necrosis

A

Repaired or contained by fibrous tissue

31
Q

Surface Necrosis

A

Can be shed

32
Q

Three types of fat necrosis

A

Enzymatic, traumatic, diet-related

33
Q

Two types of Gangrene

A

Wet and dry

34
Q

Wet Gangrene

A

Primary and secondary

35
Q

Primary Wet Gangrene

A

Agent which kills tissue also putrefies it

36
Q

Secondary Wet Gangrene

A

Dead tissue is putrefied by other organisms

37
Q

Dry Gangrene

A

Leathery mummification on extremities when air removes fluid on dead tissue

Pathology T2 (5 decks)

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