Neck Of Femur Fracture Flashcards
What are the two ways you can get a #NOF
Low energy injures such as old people failing over
High energy injuries such as road traffic accident/ fall from a height
What are the two distinct areas that you can get a #NOF
Intra-capsular
Extra-capsular
what are the two regions within the extra-capsular region
Inter-trochanteric
Sub-trochanteric
Which artery predominantly supplies the femoral head
Medial cicumflex femoral artery
Which fracture causes avascular necrosis of the femoral head
displaced intra-capsular fractures disrupt the blood supply to the femoral head and, therefore, the femoral head will undergo avascular necrosis
What is the management of avascular necrosis of the femoral head
joint replacement
How can intracapsular fractures be classified
Using the garden classification for intracapsular hip fractures
What is garden 1
Non displaced, incomplete fracture
What is garden 2
Non displaced, complete fracture
What is garden 3
Complete fracture but partial displacement
what is garden 4
Complete fracture fully displaced
What are the clincal features of someone with #NOF
Pain sometimes can be referred to the knee
Inability to bear weight
Shortened and externally rotated
What are the differential diagnoses of NOF fracture
Pubic Ramus fractures
acetabulum, femoral head and femoral diaphysis
Pathological fractures - eg due to bone disease etc
What imaging investigations should be carried out
Plain radio graphic imaging - AP views and lateral views of affected hip
AP pelvis
Full length femoral radiographs
What blood tests should be ordered
FBC
U&Es
COAG
Group and save
Creatinine kinase - for rhabdo
