Neck Musculature

Question 1

Levator Scapulae

Answer 1

origin - transverse processes of c1-c4

insertion - superior vertebral border of the scapulae

isolated function -

• • concentrically accelerates cervical extension, lateral flexion, and ipsilateral rotation when the scapulae is anchored
• • assists in elevation and downward rotation of the scapulae

integrated function -

• • eccentrically decelerates cervical flexion and contralateral cervical rotation and lateral flexion
• • eccentrically decelerates scapular depression and upward rotation when the neck is stabilized
• • stabilizes the cervical spine and scapulae

Question 2

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 2

origin -

• • sternal head- top of manubrium of the sternum
• • clavicular head- medial 1/3 of the clavicle

insertion - mastoid process, lateral superior nuchal line of the occiput of the skull

isolated function - concentrically accelerates cervical flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion

integrated function -

• • eccentrically decelerates cervical extension, rotation, and lateral flexion
• • isometrically stabilizes the cervical spine and acromioclavicular joint

Question 3

Scalenes

Answer 3

origin - transverse processes of c3-c7

insertion - first and second ribs

isolated function -

• • concentrically accelerates cervical flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion
• • assists rib elevation during inhalation

integrated function -

• • eccentrically decelerates cervical extension, rotation, and lateral flexion
• • isometrically stabilizes the cervical spine

Question 4

Longus Coli

Answer 4

origin - anterior portion of t1-t3

insertion - anterior and lateral c1

isolated function - concentrically accelerates cervical flexion, lateral flexion, and ipsilateral rotation

integrated function -

• • eccentrically decelerates cervical extension, lateral flexion, and contralateral rotation
• • isometrically stabilizes the cervical spine

Question 5

Longus Capitis

Answer 5

origin - transverse processes of c3-c6

insertion - inferior occipital bone

isolated function - concentrically accelerates cervical flexion and lateral flexion

integrated function -

• • eccentrically decelerates cervical extension
• • isometrically stabilizes the cervical spine