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Learning Objectives > Neck and Superficial Face > Flashcards

Neck and Superficial Face Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anterior boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck?

A

Median line of the neck

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2
Q

What is the posterior boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck?

A

Anterior border of sternoclediomastoid

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3
Q

What is the superior boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck?

A

Inferior border of mandible

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4
Q

What is the apex of the anterior triangle of the neck?

A

Located at the jugular notch in the manubrium of the sternum

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5
Q

What forms the roof of the anterior triangle of the neck?

A

Subcutaneous tissue containing the platysma

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6
Q

What forms the floor of the anterior triangle of the neck?

A

Pharynx, larynx, and thyroid gland

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7
Q

What does the anterior triangle of the neck subdivide into?

A

Submental triangle, submandibular triangle, carotid triangle, and muscular triangle

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8
Q

What are the contents of the submental triangle?

A

Several small sub mental lymph nodes and small veins that unite to form the anterior jugular vein

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9
Q

What are the contents of the submandibular triangle?

A

Mainly filled by submandibular gland

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10
Q

What are the contents of the carotid triangle?

A

Common carotid artery ascends into this triangle and its pulse can be palpated by pressing lightly against cervical transverse processes

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11
Q

What level does the hyoid bone lie at?

A

C3 vertebra in angle between mandible and thyroid cartilage

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12
Q

What level does the thyroid gland lie?

A

From C5-T1 vertebra

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13
Q

What level does the larynx lie?

A

At the level of the bodies of C3-C6 vertebra

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14
Q

What is the origin of the occipitofrontalis?

A

Frontal belly- epicranial aponeurosis

Occipital belly- lateral two thirds of superior nuchal line

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15
Q

Where does the occiptiofrontalis insert?

A

Frontal belly- skin and subcutaneous tissue of eyebrows and forehead
Occipital belly- epicranial aponeurosis

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16
Q

What action does the occipitofrontalis, frontal belly, perform?

A

Elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin of forehead; protracts scalp

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17
Q

What action does the occiptofrontalis, occipital belly, perform?

A

Retracts scalp; increasing effectiveness of frontal belly

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18
Q

What is the origin of the orbicularis oculi?

A

Medial orbital margin, medial palpebral ligament, lacrimal bone

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19
Q

Where does the orbicularis oculi insert?

A

Skin around margin of orbit; superior and inferior tarsi

20
Q

What action does the orbicularis oculi perform?

A

Closes eyelids; palpebral part does so gently, orbital part tightly (winking)

21
Q

What is the origin of the orbicularis oris?

A

Medial maxilla and mandible

22
Q

Where does the orbicularis oris insert?

A

Mucous membrane of lips

23
Q

What action does the orbicularis oris perform?

A

Tonus closes mouth; phasic contraction compresses and protrudes lips (kissing) or resists distention (when blowing)

24
Q

What is the origin of the buccinator?

A

Mandible, alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible, pterygomandibular raphe

25
Q

Where does the buccinator insert?

A

Angle of mouth; orbicularis oris

26
Q

What action does the buccinator perform?

A

Presses cheek against molar teeth; works with tongue to keep food between occlusal surfaces and out of oral vestibule

27
Q

What is the origin of the platysma?

A

Subcutaneous tissue of infraclavicular and supraclavicular regions

28
Q

Where does the platysma insert?

A

Base of mandible; skin of cheek and lower lip; angle of mouth; orbicularis oris

29
Q

What makes up the carotids system of arteries?

A

Common carotid artery and its terminal branches, the internal and external carotid arteries

30
Q

What does the common carotid artery ascend with in the carotid sheath?

A

Internal jugular vein and vagus nerve

31
Q

Where does the common carotid artery divide into internal and external carotid arteries?

A

Level of superior border of thyroid cartilage

32
Q

Where does the right common carotid artery begin?

A

At the bifurcation of the brachiocephalic trunk

33
Q

Where does the left common carotid artery begin?

A

Arises from the arch of the aorta and ascends in the neck

34
Q

What are the branches of the external carotid artery?

A

Ascending pharyngeal artery, facial artery, lingual artery, posterior auricular artery, superior thyroid artery, occipital artery

35
Q

What are the branches of the first part of the subclavian artery?

A

Vertebral artery, internal thoracic artery, and thyrocervical trunk

36
Q

What are the branches of the second part of the subclavian artery?

A

Costocervical trunk

37
Q

What are the branches of the third part of the subclavian artery?

A

Dorsal scapular artery

38
Q

What divides the subclavian artery?

A

Anterior scalene

39
Q

Where is the first part of the subclavian artery found?

A

Medial to the anterior scalene

40
Q

Where is the second part of the subclavian artery found?

A

Posterior to the anterior scalene

41
Q

Where is the third part of the subclavian artery found?

A

Lateral to the anterior scalene

42
Q

Describe the carotid sinus.

A

Dilation of proximal part of internal carotid artery, innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve via its carotid branch, it is a baroreceptor that is stimulated by increase in arterial blood pressure

43
Q

Describe the carotid body.

A

Supplied by carotid branch of glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve, it is a chemoreceptor that monitors the level of oxygen in the blood, it is stimulated by low oxygen levels and can increase rate of respiration, cardiac rate, and blood pressure

44
Q

What provides sensory innervation of the face?

A

Trigeminal nerve

45
Q

What are the branches of the facial nerve on the face?

A

Zygomatic, temporal, buccal, marginal mandibular, and cervical

Learning Objectives (1 decks)

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