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P4T1 > Neck and C spine > Flashcards

Neck and C spine Flashcards

1
Q

uncovertebral joint

A

C3-7

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2
Q

OA joint- motion

A

flexion and extension primarily -rotation and SB to opp sides

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3
Q

AA joint- motion

A

rotation primarily

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4
Q

C2-7- motion

A

Rotation and SB to same side

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5
Q

anterior triangle

A

mandible, SCM, midline

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6
Q

posterior triangle

A

SCM, trapezius, clavicle

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7
Q

C1- motor

A

resisited rotation rOM

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8
Q

C2-4- motor

A

scapular elevation

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9
Q

C5- motor

A

shoulder abduction

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10
Q

C6- motor

A

elbow flexion, wrist extension

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11
Q

C7- motor

A

elbow extension, wrist flexion

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12
Q

C8- motor

A

finger flexion

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13
Q

T1- motor

A

finger abduction

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14
Q

compression test/ spurling’s maneuver

A
  • compression test- axial loading force caudally- + if upper extremity pain/ numbness
  • spurling’s test-axial force in neutral, then extension, SB/rotation toward
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15
Q

neck distraction test

A
  • place one hand under pt’s chin and other hand around occiput- distract the head
    • test if alleviation of symptoms- indicates central compression or central neuroapthy
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16
Q

valsalva test

A

-pt holds breath and bears down- + test if increaed pain in nerve root distribution

17
Q

thoracic outlet boundaries and structures

A
  • 1st ribs, 1st thoracic vertebra, manubrium

- structures- brachial plexus, subclavian a and v

18
Q

Roos or EAST test

A

EAST test (elevated arm stress test)

  • compression of subclavian a
  • abduct shoulder to 90, externally rotate with elbow flex to 90
  • instruct pt to open and close fist for up to 3 min
    • test if pain down arm, arm pallor, swelling, and cyanosis
19
Q

Adson test

A
  • neurovascular bundle (subclavian a) compressed by tight scalene m’s or 1st rib
  • locate radial pulse. pt breathes deeply. doc abducts, extends, and externally rotates shoulder while palpating radial pulse; head is extended and rotated TWD affected side (1ST RIB)
  • pt’s head is then extended and rotated AWAY rom affected side (SCALENES)
    • test- change in pulse- compression of subclavian a. between scalenes, cervical rib, or 1st rib
20
Q

wright’s hyperabduction test

A

NV bundle compressed by tight pectoralis minor

  • Dr monitors radial pulse. stand behind seated pt and palpate radial pulse with 1 hand. abduct the pt’s arm above their head
    • test- change in pulse, pain- NV entrapment by pectoralis minor m.
21
Q

costoclavicular test (military/halstead) test

A
  • extended shoulder and caudal pressure on shoulder, note radial pulse- NV bundle compressed by clavicle and rib 1
  • pt seated with dr behind. contact ipsilateral wrist at radial pulse, extend shoulder, with elbow extended and wrist supinated and apply caudal pressure on the shoulder
    • test- decrease in radial pulse- thoracic outlet syndrome due to decreased space between rib 1 and clavicle
22
Q

nuchal rigidity

A
  • place hands behind pt’s head and flex neck forward until chin touches chest. normally neck supple and easily bends forward
    • test- marked neck stiffness/ resistance to flexion- found in cases of acute bacterial mengititis and subarachnoid hemorrhage
23
Q

Brudzinski’s sign

A
  • place hands behind pt’s head and flex neck forward until chin touches chest. normally neck supple and easily bends forward
    • test- flexion in both hips and knees
24
Q

C1 burst fracture

A

jefferson fracture

25
Q

C2 odontoid fracture at jxn of process and body

A

dens fracture

26
Q

hyperextension, bilateral arch fracture

A

hangman’s fracture

27
Q

hyperextension or avulsion force from muscle contraction

A

spinous process fracture

-clay shoveler’s- C6 or 7

28
Q

compression, flexion leading force

A

wedge fracture

29
Q

diving injury (comminuted)

A

burst fracture

30
Q

dermatomes- C1- T1

A

-C1-4- lesser occipital, greater auricular, cervical cutaneous
C4- superior shoulder/lateral neck
-C5- lateral upper arm (deltoid)
-C6- lateral forearm
-C7- middle finger
-C8- right/little finger, medial wrist and forearm
-T1- medial elbow and upper arm

P4T1 (7 decks)

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