Neck Anatomy Flashcards
Attachments of digastric muscles
Mastoid process to digastric fossa via hyoid bone
Innervation of digastric muscle - posterior belly
Facial nerve (CN VII)
Innervation of digastric muscle - anterior belly
Mandibular nerve (V3) via mylohyoid nerve
Action of digastric muscle
Elevate hyoid bone
Attachments of stylohyoid muscle
Styloid process to hyoid bone (lesser horn)
Innervation of stylohyoid muscle
Facial nerve (CN VII)
Action of stylohyoid muscle
Elevate hyoid bone
Attachment of mylohyoid muscle
Mylohyoid line of mandible to median raphe and hyoid bone
Innervation of mylohyoid muscle
Mandibular nerve (CN V3) via mylohyoid nerve
Action of mylohyoid muscle
Elevate hyoid bone
Attachment of geniohyoid muscle
Posterior chin (digastric fossa) to hyoid bone
Innervation of geniohyoid muscle
Ventral ramus C1
Action of geniohyoid muscle
Elevates hyoid bone
Attachments of omohyoid muscle
Scapula to hyoid bone
Innervation of omohyoid muscle
Ansa cervicalis (ventral rami C1-C3)
Action of omohyoid muscle
Depress hyoid bone
Attachments of sternohyoid muscle
Sternum to hyoid bone
Innervation of sternohyoid muscle
Ansa Cervicalis (ventral rami C1-C3)
Action of sternohyoid muscle
Depress hyoid bone
Attachments of sternothyroid muscle
Sternum to thyroid cartilage
Innervation of sternothyroid muscle
Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3 ventral rami)
Action of sternothyroid muscle
Depress larynx
Attachments of thyrohyoid muscle
Thyroid cartilage (oblique line) to hyoid bone
Innervation of thyrohyoid muscle
Ansa Cervicalis (ventral rami C1-C3)
Attachments of sternocleidomastoid m.
Sternum and clavicle to mastoid process
Innervation of sternocleidomastoid muscle
Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Action of sternocleidomastoid muscle
Bilateral - head flexion
Unilateral - ipsilateral bending and contralateral rotation
Action of sternocleidomastoid muscle
Bilateral - head flexion
Unilateral - ipsilateral bending and contralateral rotation
Attachments of scalene muscles
Ribs 1-2 and transverse processes of C2-C7
Innervation of scalene muscles
Ventral rami C3-C8
Action of scalene muscles
Unilateral - ispilateral neck bending
What nerve and vein are anterior to the anterior scalene muscle?
Phrenic nerve and subclavian vein
What nerve and artery are between anterior and middle scalene muscles?
Brachial plexus and subclavian artery
What structures mark the transition of anterior versus posterior belly of digastric muscle?
Stylohyoid muscle and connective tissue loop similar to the trochlea
What does omo mean in Latin?
Shoulder
Attachments of Longus Coli muscle
Bodies of cervical vertebrae
Attachments of longus capitis muscle
Transverse processes of C3-C6 to basilar part of occipital bone
Attachments of rectus capitis anterior and lateralis muscles
Transverse process of C1 and skull
Through what foramen does facial nerve exit the skull to arise in the face?
Stylomastoid foramen
What neck muscles near the stylomastoid foramen are innervated by facial nerve?
Stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric
What neck muscles are innervated by Mandibular nerve (V3)?
Anterior belly of digastric and mylohyoid via nerve to mylohyoid
What does nerve to mylohyoid branch from?
Inferior alveolar nerve
What nerves form the superior and inferior roots of Ansa Cervicalis?
Superior root is ventral rami C1
Inferior root is ventral rami C2-C3
What nerve does the superior root of Ansa Cervicalis travel with?
Hypoglossal nerve
What structure does Ansa Cervicalis lie anterior to?
Carotid sheath
What are the contents of the carotid sheath?
Vagus nerve, common carotid artery, and internal jugular vein
What nervous system structure is located posterior to the carotid sheath?
Sympathetic chain
What branch of vagus nerve is visible in the carotid sheath?
Superior laryngeal nerve
What is the path of hypoglossal nerve in the neck?
Crosses over carotid artery behind digastric muscle and travels into the tongue between mylohyoid and hyoglossus muscles
Key branches of subclavian artery in neck
Internal thoracic artery
Vertebral artery
Dorsal scapular artery
Thyrocervical trunk
Inferior thyroid artery
Transverse cervical artery
Suprascapular artery
Anterior branches of external carotid artery
Superior thyroid artery
Lingual artery
Facial artery
Maxillary artery
Superficial temporal artery
Posterior branches of external carotid artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery (at carotid bifurcation)
Occipital artery
Posterior auricular artery
What are some main branches of the maxillary artery?
Middle meninges artery
Inferior alveolar artery
Infraorbital artery
Greater palatine artery
What are some main branches of the maxillary artery?
Middle meninges artery
Inferior alveolar artery
Infraorbital artery
Greater palatine artery
Internal carotid artery
