Neck

Question 1

What are the potential causes of cervical lymphadenopathy?

Answer 1

Infective lymphadenopathy: toxoplasmosis, EBV, Mumps

Malignancy:

• Younger than 6 think leukaemia and neuroblastoma, Non-hodgkins.
• Older than 6 think Hodgkins.

Question 2

What investigations should you do in a child with cervical lymphadenopathy?

Answer 2

Investigations not necessary if in keeping with a picture of infection (e.g viral illness)

If clinical picture suggests malignancy:
FBC
Blood film

If results positive can do BM biopsy.

Question 3

What are the different types of congenital neck cysts and where are they located?

Answer 3

Thyroglossal duct cyst – a midline mass that moves up on swallowing or on protrusion of the tongue.

Branchial cyst – They are usually found on the side of the necks of children aged 2-10 and can change in size and shape. They are often noted after URTI.

Dermoid cyst – slow growing, benign tumours which may occur in the midline of the neck. They are usually firm lumps attached to the overlying skin.