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gross anatomy 2 > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

1
Q

The Neck extends from?

A

Base of the skull and inferior border of mandible to the first rib

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2
Q

Define: Collum, Nuchae and Cervix

A

Collar
Neck
Neck

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3
Q

Landmarks of the thyroid cartilage?

A

C4-C5 vertebral level and laryngeal prominence.

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4
Q

Landmarks of hyoid bone?

A

C3 vertebral level

site of attachment for many anterior neck muscles and muscles of the tongue.

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5
Q

Landmarks of cricoid cartilage?

A

C6 vertebral level and cartilage of larynx

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6
Q

Landmarks of tracheal cartilage?

A

Below C6 vertebral level

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7
Q

Name the 10 landmarks of the lateral and anterior neck?

A
  1. Thyroid cartilage
  2. Hyoid bone
  3. Cricoid cartilage
  4. Tracheal cartilage
  5. clavicle
  6. suprasternal notch/not of manubrium
  7. mandible
  8. mastoid process
  9. TP of C1
  10. Styloid process
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8
Q

Name the 4 parts of the mandible?

A
  1. mentum (chin)
  2. inferior border of mandible
  3. angle of mandible
  4. ramus of mandible (covered by mastoid process).
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9
Q

Platysma muscle is found within the fascial layer. Describe it’s origin, insertion and innervation?

A

O:Fascia and skin of deltoid and pectoral region.
I: Mandible and tissues around the mouth
IN: Facial Nerve (7)

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10
Q

Name the action(s) of the platysma muscle?

A

Winkle and tightens the skin of anterior and lateral neck. It also depresses the mandible and lower lip and angle of the mouth.

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11
Q

What innervates the skin of the neck?

Define Dermatones?

A

Innvervated by C2-4 Spinal nerves.

Dermatones are area of skin that is innervated by specific nerves.

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12
Q

Triangles of the Neck: Anterior Triangle? Describe the posterior, superior and anterior borders?

A

P: SCM
S: inferior border of mandible
A: midline of anterior neck

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13
Q

Triangles of the Neck: Posterior Triangle? Describe the posterior, Inferior and anterior borders?

A

P:Trapezius
A: SCM
I: Clavicle

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14
Q

Name the Origin, Insertion, Innervations and actions of the SCM?

A

O: Sternum and Clavicle
I: Mastoid process and some occipital bone
INN: Motor- spinal accessory (11)
Sensory- Ventral Rami of C2
A: Flexion of neck and slightly extends the head

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15
Q

Sub-triangles of the neck: Submandibular triangles. Name the borders and the glands, artery and nerves found in the triangle?

A 
Lateral View: 
S: Mandible
A: Anterior belly of digastric muscle
P: posterior Belly of digastric muscle
Submandibular glands and facial nerve/artery
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16
Q

Sub- triangles of the neck: Describe the borders of the Sub-mental triangle?

A

I: hyoid bone
A: Right anterior belly of digastric muscle.
P: left anterior belly of digastric muscle.

17
Q

Sub- triangles of the neck: Carotid triangles contains?

A

Carotid sheath and 1. common carotid artery and carotid bifurcation (internal and external carotid artery and vein). 2. Internal jugular vein and 3. Internal midline of neck

18
Q

Muscular Triangular of the sub triangles of the neck contains?

A

infrahyoid muscle
thyroid gland
larynx (laryngeal cartilage)

19
Q

The supraclavicular triangle (subclavian triangle) contains?

A

subclavian artery and vein

element of brachial plexus

20
Q

Occipital triangle is made up of the trapezius, SCM and inferior belly of omohyoid muscle. What is found in this triangle?

A

cranial nerve 11 and cutaneous N from cervical plexus.

21
Q

The cervical plexus (Ventral Rami C1-4) is made up of 5 branches. Name these?

A
  1. Cutaneou
  2. Communicating branches
  3. ansa cervicalis
  4. phrenic n
  5. motor branches -deep neck muscles
22
Q

The cutaneous branches have 4 terminal branches that exits along the neck, posterior border of the SCM. Name the 4 terminal branches?

A

lesser occipital n
great auricular n
transverse cervicle n
supraclavicular n

23
Q

What does it mean by communicating branches? give 2 examples of this definitions?

A

When Nerves join/hitch hike to other nerves not are not apart of those nerves.
ex 1: C2, C3, C4 fibers join with CN 11 providing sensory innervation to SCM (2 and 3) and trapezius (3 and 4)
ex 2: C1 fibers join with cranial N 12 to supply motor invervation to geniohyoid muscle and thyrohyoid muscle.

24
Q

Ansa Cervicalis Nerve supplies?

A

infrahyoid muscles except thyrohyoid muscles.

25
Q

Name the 2 roots of the ansa cervicalis? Name the muscles that these two roots supply?

A
  1. superior: C1 hitch hikes CN 12 for short distance therefore known as Descending hypoglosal Ramus of ansa cervicalis.
  2. Inferior: C2- C3 Descending cervical ramus of ansa cervicalis
    Sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles and omohyoid muscles, muscles of tongue, thyrohyoid muscles, geneohyoid muscle.
26
Q

Phrenic nerve supplies?

A

sensory and motor to diaphram

27
Q

Motor branches of the cervical plexus supples?

A

scalene muscles and prevertebral muscles.

28
Q

The infrahyoid muscle hels with swallowing and speech production. Name the 4 pairs of muscles that helps make up the infrahyoid muscle?

A

sternohyoid
sternothyroid
omohyoid
thyrohyoid

29
Q

Name the Origin, insertion, innervations and the action of the Sternohyoid muscle?

A

O: manubrium
I: hyoid body
INN: Ansa cervicalis (c1-c3)
A: Depress hyoid.

30
Q

Name the Origin, insertion, innervations and the action of the sternothyroid muscle?

A

O:Manubrium
I: thyroid cartilage
INN: ansa cervicalis (c1-c3)
A: depress thyroid

31
Q

Omohyoid has the inferior and superior belly. Name the origin, insertion, innervation and action of these muscles?

A 
Inferior Belly
O: scapula
I: Tendinous on clavicle
INN: Ansa cervicalis
A: depress hyoid or stabilize portion
Superior Belly
O: tendinous from clavicle
I: hyoid body
A: Depress hyoid bone and elevates thyroid cartilage
INN: ansa cervicalis
32
Q

Name the Origin, insertion, innervations and the action of the thyrohyoid muscle?

A

O: thyroid cartilage
I: cornu of hyoid
A: depresses hyoid, elevates thyroid cartilage
INN: C1 hitch hikes with CN 12

gross anatomy 2 (1 decks)

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