Neck Flashcards
The Neck extends from?
Base of the skull and inferior border of mandible to the first rib
Define: Collum, Nuchae and Cervix
Collar
Neck
Neck
Landmarks of the thyroid cartilage?
C4-C5 vertebral level and laryngeal prominence.
Landmarks of hyoid bone?
C3 vertebral level
site of attachment for many anterior neck muscles and muscles of the tongue.
Landmarks of cricoid cartilage?
C6 vertebral level and cartilage of larynx
Landmarks of tracheal cartilage?
Below C6 vertebral level
Name the 10 landmarks of the lateral and anterior neck?
- Thyroid cartilage
- Hyoid bone
- Cricoid cartilage
- Tracheal cartilage
- clavicle
- suprasternal notch/not of manubrium
- mandible
- mastoid process
- TP of C1
- Styloid process
Name the 4 parts of the mandible?
- mentum (chin)
- inferior border of mandible
- angle of mandible
- ramus of mandible (covered by mastoid process).
Platysma muscle is found within the fascial layer. Describe it’s origin, insertion and innervation?
O:Fascia and skin of deltoid and pectoral region.
I: Mandible and tissues around the mouth
IN: Facial Nerve (7)
Name the action(s) of the platysma muscle?
Winkle and tightens the skin of anterior and lateral neck. It also depresses the mandible and lower lip and angle of the mouth.
What innervates the skin of the neck?
Define Dermatones?
Innvervated by C2-4 Spinal nerves.
Dermatones are area of skin that is innervated by specific nerves.
Triangles of the Neck: Anterior Triangle? Describe the posterior, superior and anterior borders?
P: SCM
S: inferior border of mandible
A: midline of anterior neck
Triangles of the Neck: Posterior Triangle? Describe the posterior, Inferior and anterior borders?
P:Trapezius
A: SCM
I: Clavicle
Name the Origin, Insertion, Innervations and actions of the SCM?
O: Sternum and Clavicle
I: Mastoid process and some occipital bone
INN: Motor- spinal accessory (11)
Sensory- Ventral Rami of C2
A: Flexion of neck and slightly extends the head
Sub-triangles of the neck: Submandibular triangles. Name the borders and the glands, artery and nerves found in the triangle?
Lateral View: S: Mandible A: Anterior belly of digastric muscle P: posterior Belly of digastric muscle Submandibular glands and facial nerve/artery
Sub- triangles of the neck: Describe the borders of the Sub-mental triangle?
I: hyoid bone
A: Right anterior belly of digastric muscle.
P: left anterior belly of digastric muscle.
Sub- triangles of the neck: Carotid triangles contains?
Carotid sheath and 1. common carotid artery and carotid bifurcation (internal and external carotid artery and vein). 2. Internal jugular vein and 3. Internal midline of neck
Muscular Triangular of the sub triangles of the neck contains?
infrahyoid muscle
thyroid gland
larynx (laryngeal cartilage)
The supraclavicular triangle (subclavian triangle) contains?
subclavian artery and vein
element of brachial plexus
Occipital triangle is made up of the trapezius, SCM and inferior belly of omohyoid muscle. What is found in this triangle?
cranial nerve 11 and cutaneous N from cervical plexus.
The cervical plexus (Ventral Rami C1-4) is made up of 5 branches. Name these?
- Cutaneou
- Communicating branches
- ansa cervicalis
- phrenic n
- motor branches -deep neck muscles
The cutaneous branches have 4 terminal branches that exits along the neck, posterior border of the SCM. Name the 4 terminal branches?
lesser occipital n
great auricular n
transverse cervicle n
supraclavicular n
What does it mean by communicating branches? give 2 examples of this definitions?
When Nerves join/hitch hike to other nerves not are not apart of those nerves.
ex 1: C2, C3, C4 fibers join with CN 11 providing sensory innervation to SCM (2 and 3) and trapezius (3 and 4)
ex 2: C1 fibers join with cranial N 12 to supply motor invervation to geniohyoid muscle and thyrohyoid muscle.
Ansa Cervicalis Nerve supplies?
infrahyoid muscles except thyrohyoid muscles.
Name the 2 roots of the ansa cervicalis? Name the muscles that these two roots supply?
- superior: C1 hitch hikes CN 12 for short distance therefore known as Descending hypoglosal Ramus of ansa cervicalis.
- Inferior: C2- C3 Descending cervical ramus of ansa cervicalis
Sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles and omohyoid muscles, muscles of tongue, thyrohyoid muscles, geneohyoid muscle.
Phrenic nerve supplies?
sensory and motor to diaphram
Motor branches of the cervical plexus supples?
scalene muscles and prevertebral muscles.
The infrahyoid muscle hels with swallowing and speech production. Name the 4 pairs of muscles that helps make up the infrahyoid muscle?
sternohyoid
sternothyroid
omohyoid
thyrohyoid
Name the Origin, insertion, innervations and the action of the Sternohyoid muscle?
O: manubrium
I: hyoid body
INN: Ansa cervicalis (c1-c3)
A: Depress hyoid.
Name the Origin, insertion, innervations and the action of the sternothyroid muscle?
O:Manubrium
I: thyroid cartilage
INN: ansa cervicalis (c1-c3)
A: depress thyroid
Omohyoid has the inferior and superior belly. Name the origin, insertion, innervation and action of these muscles?
Inferior Belly O: scapula I: Tendinous on clavicle INN: Ansa cervicalis A: depress hyoid or stabilize portion Superior Belly O: tendinous from clavicle I: hyoid body A: Depress hyoid bone and elevates thyroid cartilage INN: ansa cervicalis
Name the Origin, insertion, innervations and the action of the thyrohyoid muscle?
O: thyroid cartilage
I: cornu of hyoid
A: depresses hyoid, elevates thyroid cartilage
INN: C1 hitch hikes with CN 12
