Neck

Question 1

Indicate the position of the cricoid cartilage

Answer 1

B

(A is thyroid prominence and C the suprasternal (jugular) notch)

Question 2

Indicate the position of the hyoid bone

Answer 2

Between thyroid prominence and mental protruberance

Question 3

Indicate the postion of the thyroid cartilage

Answer 3

A

Question 4

At what site would an elective surgical tracheostomy be performed?

Answer 4

Between the second and third tracheal rings.

Question 5

At what site would a mini tracheostomy be performed?

Answer 5

As for an emergency circothyroidotomy, at the cricothyroid membrane, between thyroid and cricoid cartilages.

Question 6

At what vertebral level is the cricoid cartilage in adults?

Answer 6

C6

Question 7

What structure lies directly behind the cricoid cartilage?

Answer 7

Oesophagus

Question 8

Which nerve runs in close proximity to the cornua of the hyoid bone?

Answer 8

Superior larynegal nerve

Question 9

To what structures does the internal laryngeal nerve give sensory supply to?

Answer 9

Larynx, lower pharynx epiglottis (structures directly above the vocal cords/glottis)

Question 10

What does the external laryngeal nerve supply?

Answer 10

Cricothyroid muscle, inferior constrictor of the pharynx

Question 11

What effects are seen following a stellate ganglion block?

Answer 11

ipsilateral ptosis, mioisis, enopthalmos, anhydrosis, nasal congestion, sympathetic block of arm.

Question 12

Give three local complications of mini tracheostomy

Answer 12

Oesophageal puncture, haemorrhage, surgical emphysema, malposition