NEC Mod 1 Flashcards by IVERSON DAVID

All computers that are connected to a network and participate directly in network communication are classified as

Hosts

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can be called end devices

Hosts

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An example of client software

web browser, like Chrome or FireFox

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Identifies the host and the network to which the host is attached.

IP address

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Client and server software usually run on separate computers, but it is also possible for one computer to be used for both roles at the same time. In small businesses and homes, many computers function as the servers and clients on the network.

peer-to-peer network.

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What are the advantages of peer-to-peer networking:

Easy to set up, Less complex, Lower cost because network devices and dedicated servers may not be required, and Can be used for simple tasks such a transferring files and sharing printers

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The disadvantages of peer-to-peer networking:

No centralized administration, Not as secure, Not scalable, All devices may act as both clients and servers whcih can slow their performance

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The network devices that people are most familiar with are called?

End devices

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either the source or destination of a message transmitted over the network.

End devices

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Connect the individual end devices to the network.

Intermediary Devices

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What are the examples of intermediary devices?

Wireless Router, Router, Lan Switch, Multilayer Switch, Firewall appliance

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Communication transmits across a network on media. The media provides the channel over which the message travels from source to destination.

Network Media

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Data is encoded into electrical impulses.

Metal wires within cables

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Data is encoded into pulses of light.

Glass or plastic fibers within cables (fiber-optic cable)

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Data is encoded via modulation of specific frequencies of electromagnetic waves.

Wireless transmission

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What are the examples of end devices?

Desktop computers, Laptop, IP Phone, Printer, Wireless Tablet, Telepresence endpoint

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Give the Network Media

Wireless, Lan and Wan Media

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A NIC physically connects the end device to the network.

Network Interface Card (NIC)

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A connector or outlet on a networking device where the media connects to an end device or another networking device.

Physical Port

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Specialized ports on a networking device that connect to individual networks. Because routers connect networks, the ports on a router are referred to as network interfaces.

Interface

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Are mandatory documentation for anyone working with a network. They provide a visual map of how the network is connected.

Topology diagrams

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There are two types of topology diagrams:

physical and logical.

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Which type of network topology lets you see the actual location of intermediary devices and cable installation?

Physical Topology Diagrams

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Which type of network topology lets you see which end devices are connected to which intermediary devices and what media is being used?

Logical Topology Diagrams

Connect a few computers to each other and to the internet.

Small Home Networks

The _______ network allows computers in a home office or a remote office to connect to a corporate network, or access centralized, shared resources.

Small Office and Home Office Networks

Such as those used by corporations and schools, can have many locations with hundreds or thousands of interconnected hosts.

Medium to Large Networks

The internet is a network of networks that connects hundreds of millions of computers world-wide.

World Wide Networks

What are the two most common types of network infrastructures?

Local Area Networks (LANs) Wide Area Networks (WANs)

Is a network infrastructure that provides access to users and end devices in a small geographical area.

LAN

Is a network infrastructure that provides access to other networks over a wide geographical area, which is typically owned and managed by a larger corporation or a telecommunications service provider.

WAN

is a worldwide collection of interconnected networks (internetworks, or internet for short).

The Internet

What organizations were developed to help maintain the structure and standardization of internet protocols and processes?

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), and the Internet Architecture Board (IAB)

is a term often used to refer to a private connection of LANs and WANs that belongs to an organization?

Intranet

Which network infrastructure might an organization use to provide secure and safe access to individuals who work for a different organization but require access to the organization’s data?

Extranet

Typically offered by cable television service providers, the internet data signal transmits on the same cable that delivers cable television. It provides a high bandwidth, high availability, and an always-on connection to the internet.

Cable

Also provide high bandwidth, high availability, and an always-on connection to the internet. _____ runs over a telephone line. In general, small office and home office users connect using Asymmetrical DSL (ADSL), which means that the download speed is faster than the upload speed.

DSL

Internet access uses a cell phone network to connect. Wherever you can get a cellular signal, you can get cellular internet access. Performance is limited by the capabilities of the phone and the cell tower to which it is connected.

Cellular

The availability of _____________ internet access is a benefit in those areas that would otherwise have no internet connectivity at all.

Satellite

An inexpensive option that uses any phone line and a modem. The low bandwidth provided by a dial-up modem connection is not sufficient for large data transfer, although it is useful for mobile access while traveling.

Dial-up Telephone

Leased lines are reserved circuits within the service provider’s network that connect geographically separated offices for private voice and/or data networking. The circuits are rented at a monthly or yearly rate.

Dedicated Leased Line

This is sometimes known as Ethernet WAN

Metro Ethernet

Is available in various formats. A popular choice is Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL) which is similar to the consumer version of DSL but provides uploads and downloads at the same high speeds.

Business DSL

Are capable of delivering data, voice, and video between many different types of devices over the same network infrastructure. This network infrastructure uses the same set of rules, agreements, and implementation standards. Converged data networks carry multiple services on one network.

converged networks

Having multiple paths to a destination is known as redundancy. This is an example of which characteristic of network architecture?

Fault Tolerance

When designers follow accepted standards and protocols, which of the four basic characteristics of network architecture is achieved?

Scalability

With which type of policy, a router can manage the flow of data and voice traffic, giving priority to voice communications if the network experiences congestion?

Quality of Service

Confidentiality, integrity, and availability are requirements of which of the four basic characteristics of network architecture?

Security

enables end users the freedom to use personal tools to access information and communicate across a business or campus network. Means any device, with any ownership, used anywhere.

BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)

Which feature is a good conferencing tool to use with others who are located elsewhere in your city, or even in another country?

Video Communications

Which feature contains options such as Public, Private, Custom and Hybrid

Cloud Computing

Which feature is being used when connecting a device to the network using an electrical outlet?

Powerline

Which feature uses the same cellular technology as a smartphone?

Wireless Broadband

Which attack slows down or crashes equipment and programs?

Denial of Service (DoS)

Which option creates a secure connection for remote workers?

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

Which option blocks unauthorized access to your network?

Firewall

Which option describes a network attack that occurs on the first day that a vulnerability becomes known?

Zero-day or Zero-Hour

Which option describes malicious code running on user devices?

Virus, Worm, Trojan horse