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Welding Week 4 > NDT methods/weld defects > Flashcards

NDT methods/weld defects Flashcards

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Welding Inspection Basics flashcards
1
Q

Inspection, testing and qualification are growing part of _______ in manufacturing and maintenance.

A

quality control

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2
Q

The ______ is the person who begins quality control by being satisfied only with quality welding.

A

welder

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3
Q

The welder starts the inspection in the process of welding, making immediate adjustment in response to what is being observed in the ______.

A

weld pool

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4
Q

Factors that affect quality of weld bead include….

A

Changing amperage, travel speed, or arc length

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5
Q

Finally, the welder give the completed weld a final _____ to look for any defects that could not be seen while welding.

A

visual inspection

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6
Q

What are the common methods used in NDE?

A

VT, MT, Liquid Dye PT, UT, LT (air/water pressure testing)

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7
Q

What is VT?

A

Visual inspection, a NDT process, examination with the eye. Only able to detect surface discontinuities.

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8
Q

What is the advantage of VT?

A

Inexpensive equipment and wage, no power required, portable

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9
Q

What is the disadvantage of VT?

A

requires training/experience, good eye sight, can’t detect subsurface defects, no permanent records, human error

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10
Q

What are the 5 steps of VT?

A
  1. Definite procedure
  2. Inspection prior to welding
  3. Inspection during welding
  4. Inspection after welding
  5. Mark/make repairs
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11
Q

What are the 7 VT equipment for welding?

A

Flashlight, magnifying glass, protective lenses, weld gage, hammer/chisel, temperature indicating devices, magnet

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12
Q

What is inspected with VT before welding?

A

Drawing, position of welds, welding symbols, welding procedure

Specifically paying attention to root face, root gap, bevel angle, and joint/fitup

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13
Q

Proper ____ will prevent discontinuities from occurring.

A

Fit up

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14
Q

______ will be used to slow the cooling rate and prevent distortion.

A

Pre-heat

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15
Q

What is inspected with VT during welding?

A

Electrodes, root pass, subsequent passes, crater formation, weld size/sequence

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16
Q

What is inspected with VT after welding?

A

Compare weld to standard, weld size, contour/finish, cracks, overlap, undercut, spatter

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17
Q

Testing companies provide an important service because they _____

A

help manufacturers produce safe and durable goods/structures that consumers can live with.

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18
Q

What are two methods of testing?

A

Non-destructive and destructive

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19
Q

What are the 4 common NDT methods?

A

MT, PT, UT, RT

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20
Q

What are the 6 steps of PT?

A

1 .surface prep

  1. penetrant application
  2. excess penetrant removal
  3. developer application
  4. inspection/ evaluation
  5. post cleaning
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21
Q

If dye color of defect is deep and not never red, defect is ______.

A

shallow

22
Q

What is referred to as magnaflux?

A

MT

23
Q

Magnetic particle test begins when _____ electric charges is passed between two poles. Force line up until there is a break in these magnetic lines of force.

A

Direct Current (DC)

24
Q

In MT, defects appear as a ___ in the lines of force.

A

break

25
Q

The magnetic particles become attracted to the defect, which develops ______ at the edge of the defect, outlining the defect.

A

north and south poles

26
Q

What defects are detected with MT?

A

surface discontinuities, cracks, porosity, slag inclusions, incomplete fusion

27
Q

What are the disadvantage of MT?

A

Magnetic materials only, surface roughness may distort field, no permanent record

28
Q

To enable the formation of a proper magnetic particle pattern for defect indications, the _____ of the defect and magnetic field must be taken into account.

A

orientation

29
Q

What are the 2 methods of magnetizing the weld zone?

A

Yoke method, prode method

30
Q

What does the yoke method use?

A

An electromagnet

31
Q

What does the prode method use?

A

Electrode are applied to the specimen to allow current to flow in specimen.(Can’t apply to high tensile steel which can resemble an arc strike. Effective to detecting defects not exposed but existing near the surface)

32
Q

What are two methods of magnetizing the weld zone?

A
  1. yoke method uses an electromagnet

2. Prode method uses electrode applied to specimen to allow current to flow in the specimen

33
Q

What are the 2 types of magnetic particles?

A

Fluorescent, and non-fluorescent type

34
Q

What are the two methods of particle application for MT?

A

Wet method and dry method.

35
Q

Magnetic particle testing shall not be performed with nonmagnetic coating in place that exceed _______ in thickness, or ferrous magnetic coating that exceed ______ in thickness.

A
  1. 003” (0.08mm),

0. 001” (0.03mm)

36
Q

half-wave rectified ___ is best for dry particle method.

A

AC

37
Q

Defects open to the surface use ____ only.

A

AC

38
Q

When using wet particle method for subsurface defects, use full-wave rectified ___.

A

AC

39
Q

If you are dragging an AC yoke you are not magnetizing you are_____

A

demagnetizing.

40
Q

To correctly magnetize an object, position the yoke and apply magnetizing force for _____ seconds before moving the unit to the next position.

A

2-5 seconds

41
Q

UT- what is a oscilloscope?

A

Machine that generates and receives ultrasonic waves.

42
Q

UT- what is a cathode ray tube?

A

where the traveling distance and intensity of reflected wave are measured to locate and determine the size of the defect.

43
Q

What are two transducers (probe) in UT?

A

Straight beam,

44
Q

What does the letters NDE mean ?

A

Nondestructive examination

45
Q

The method most often used to check for leaks as small as one part per million (PPM) from gas line or cylinder is the ____ method.

A

mass spectrometer

46
Q

True of false, magnetic particle testing can only be done on materials that can be magnetize.

A

true

47
Q

True or false. Dye penetrate inspection can only be used on non-magnetic material.

A

false

48
Q

True or false. x-rays can only be used to locate flaws at or near the surface of a weld.

A

false

49
Q

True or false. Virtually all welds have flaws.

A

True

50
Q

True or false. MT can only detect flaws at or near the surface.

A

True

Welding Week 4 (10 decks)

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