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Linux > NDG 2.0 > Flashcards

NDG 2.0 Flashcards

1
Q

When choosing a distribution of Linux, you should consider: (choose four)

Does your organization require long-term support for the system
Does the distribution offer a “stable” version
If the application software is supported by the distribution
Will commercial support be required for the OS
Popularity on social media

A

Does your organization require long-term support for the system
Does the distribution offer a “stable” version
If the application software is supported by the distribution
Will commercial support be required for the OS

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2
Q

Embedded Systems means:

-Users must support the systems themselves
-You can view the software’s source code
-Companies must share their changes
-Businesses cannot charge anything for the software, only the hardware
-Systems designed to do a specific task on hardware optimized for only that purpose

A

Systems designed to do a specific task on hardware optimized for only that purpose

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3
Q

The most popular Linux platform for mobile phones is:

IOS
Android
BlackBerry
Slackware
MobileLinux

A

Android

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4
Q

Linux distributions use this to add and remove software from the system:

Application Programming Interface (API)
Partitioning tool
Package manager
Bash
Compiler

A

Package manager

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5
Q

In Linux, RPM can be defined as:

Random program memory
Relational peak monitoring
Radical performance machine
The speed a record plays back at
The Package Manager program for Red Hat Linux

A

The Package Manager program for Red Hat Linux

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6
Q

Linux originally only ran on:

Macintosh
Intel 386 PCs
Raspberry Pi computers
Specialized processor chips
Xerox copy machines

A

Intel 386 PCs

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7
Q

A long software release cycle is:

Better because old hardware can be utilized beyond its service life
Only offered by Red Hat and SUSE
Makes programming more difficult since new features cannot be used
Valued by businesses that want stability
Characterized by infrequent security fixes

A

Valued by businesses that want stability

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8
Q

Which distribution is related to Red Hat?

Raspbian
Debian
Ubuntu
Slackware
Fedora

A

Fedora

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9
Q

SUSE is derived from which distribution?

Fedora
Debian
Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Slackware
Scientific Linux

A

Slackware

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10
Q

IoT is one application of embedded systems:

True or False?

True
False

A

True

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11
Q

The Raspberry Pi is popular with experimenters because:

It runs Microsoft Office
End users have to pay for programming expenses
It’s cheap and adaptable
The hardware never changes
It takes months or years to develop an application

A

It’s cheap and adaptable

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12
Q

The release cycle:

Only has meaning for paid software
Should be short so you always have the freshest releases
Should be long so that you have time before you need to upgrade
Describes how long software will be supported
Dictates how often software is updated

A

Dictates how often software is updated

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13
Q

Linux Mint is:

Compatible with Android systems
A fork of Ubuntu Linux
A proprietary version of Ubuntu with advanced features
A refreshing after dinner treat
Distributed in every country without license restrictions

A

A fork of Ubuntu Linux

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14
Q

A computer running Linux can:

Outperform proprietary systems at certain tasks
All of the above
Function as a web server
Serve a government agency
Be used to create new programs

A

All of the above

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15
Q

Bundling utilities, management tools, and application software with a Linux kernel is called a:

A distribution of Linux
A text editor
A type of hardware
A trademark

A

A distribution of Linux

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16
Q

A network of inexpensive computers connected to sensors and controllers is called:

Internet of Things (IoT)
Creative commons
Open source networking
Closed source computing
Relationational database

A

Internet of Things (IoT)

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17
Q

What does a distribution provide to add and remove software from the system?

Compiler
Application Programming Interface (API)
Bash
Package Manager
Partitioning tool

A

Package Manager

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18
Q

A software release cycle describes:

How often upgrades come out for software
How often the software’s memory is released back to the operating system
How often the computer must be upgraded to support new software
How often security fixes are implemented
How often the computer must be rebooted

A

How often upgrades come out for software

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19
Q

Which distributions are made by, or are clones of, RedHat?

(choose two)

Debian
CentOS
Fedora
Ubuntu
Slackware

A

CentOS
Fedora

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20
Q

Ubuntu is derived from which distribution?

Slackware
Debian
Scientific Linux
Red Hat Enterprise Linux

A

Debian

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21
Q

The most important consideration when choosing an operating system is:

What the intended use of the system is
How much performance is needed
The licensing model of the operating system
The total cost of ownership
Whether or not it is cloud-friendly

A

What the intended use of the system is

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22
Q

A maintenance cycle:

Describes how often updates for software come out
Should be short so you always have the freshest releases
Only has meaning for paid software
Should be long so that you have time before you need to upgrade
Describes how long a version of software will be supported

A

Describes how long a version of software will be supported

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23
Q

Software is backward compatible if:

It can be upgraded without downtime
People still use old versions
It still supports old file formats or applications
If the next version still works the same way
It works across Linux/Mac/Windows

A

It still supports old file formats or applications

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24
Q

Apple’s OS X is:

(choose three)

Derived from Linux
Able to natively run Windows binaries
Primarily used to manage network services
A fully certified UNIX distribution
Tightly integrated with Apple hardware
Partially based on code from the FreeBSD project

A

A fully certified UNIX distribution
Tightly integrated with Apple hardware
Partially based on code from the FreeBSD project

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25
Q

Microsoft Windows:

(choose three)

Has a scripting environment called PowerShell
Is generally backwards compatible with previous versions
Offers both desktop and server products
Has a short maintenance cycle
Has a Linux compatibility mode
Has a new desktop version every year.

A

Has a scripting environment called PowerShell
Is generally backwards compatible with previous versions
Offers both desktop and server products

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26
Q

When choosing a distribution of Linux, you should consider:

(choose five)

Does the distribution offer a “stable” version
Will users require a GUI
Will commercial support be required for the OS
Does your organization require long-term support for the system
Popularity on social media
If the application software is supported by the distribution

A

Does the distribution offer a “stable” version
Will users require a GUI
Will commercial support be required for the OS
Does your organization require long-term support for the system
If the application software is supported by the distribution

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27
Q

The Samba application is a:

Security Server
File Server
Mail Server
Web Server

A

File Server

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28
Q

Which of the following are examples of desktop software?

(choose two)

Music player
File share
Web browser
Compiler
Web server

A

Music player
Web browser

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29
Q

If you wanted to set up a blog, which software would be most helpful?

Samba
MySQL
Postfix
Dovecot
WordPress

A

WordPress

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30
Q

Which of the following pieces of software deal with file sharing?

(choose three)

X-Windows
PostgreSQL
Netatalk
Samba
NFS

A

Netatalk
Samba
NFS

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31
Q

If you wanted to create and print an invoice, which software could you use?

Evolution
LibreOffice
GNOME
Compiz
Firefox

A

LibreOffice

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32
Q

POP and IMAP are related to:

Serving web pages
Reading and writing music
Email
Letting users log in to multiple servers with 1 set of credentials
Sharing files

A

Email

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33
Q

When a computer boots, it can get its network information through:

LDAP
DNS
DHCP
SMTP
X11

A

DHCP

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34
Q

Which of the following are examples of text editors?

(choose four)

nano
Yum
pico
vim
emacs

A

nano
pico
vim
emacs

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35
Q

A package manager:

(choose two)

Downloads software from the Internet
Keeps track of which files belong to which packages
Can optionally repartition your disk to make room for Linux
Performs a fresh install of Linux
Emails you when software is out of date

A

Downloads software from the Internet
Keeps track of which files belong to which packages

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36
Q

An interpreted programming language:

(choose two)

Takes fewer resources to run than a compiled language
Is converted into machine specific instructions as the program runs
Requires a linking step but no compilation step
Tends to offer more features than compiled languages
Requires a compilation step but no linking step

A

Is converted into machine specific instructions as the program runs
Tends to offer more features than compiled languages

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37
Q

Which of the following are true about compiled programming languages?

Ruby is a compiled language
Compiled languages are great for system administration tasks like scripting
C is a compiled language
Perl is a compiled language
A programmer is usually more productive when using a compiled language

A

C is a compiled language

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38
Q

Which package manager is used in Fedora, a Red Hat derived system?

tar
bash
yum
vim
apt-get

A

yum

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39
Q

The Linux shell:

(choose three)

Is customizable
Has a built-in text editor
Allows you to launch programs
Has a scripting language
Is responsible for tracking the location of configuration files

A

Is customizable
Allows you to launch programs
Has a scripting language

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40
Q

Which application would you use to edit and piece together sound files to make podcast?
GIMP
Bash
Thunderbird
Audacity
Audiolicious

A

Audacity

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41
Q

The two main families of Linux shells are: (choose two)
Python Shell
Korn shell
emacs
Bourne Shell
C Shell

A

Bourne Shell*
C Shell*

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42
Q

Which server software would you use to create a company directory that you could search and authenticate against?
ISC DHCP
Netatalk
OpenLDAP
bind
Samba

A

OpenLDAP

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43
Q

A Mail Transfer Agent’s primary purpose is to:
Filter out spam
Manage the end user’s inbox
Serve email to end clients
Deliver mail between servers
Act as a gateway between faxes and email

A

Deliver mail between servers

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44
Q

Which of the following are examples of a web server? (choose two)
postfix
NFS
Nginx
WordPress
Apache

A

Nginx*
Apache*

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45
Q

If you wanted to let a Linux machine share files with Windows clients and servers, you would use:
Netatalk
DNS
Samba
NFS
bind

A

Samba

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46
Q

Richard Stallman is associated with:
The Open Source Initiative
Microsoft
The Free Software Foundation
BSD Unix

A

The Free Software Foundation

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47
Q

A “copyleft provision” in a software license means:

If you redistribute the software, you must distribute the source to any changes you make
You may not link against third party closed source software
You must provide free copies of the software if you use it
You must provide support for your modifications
You give up your copyright to the software

A

If you redistribute the software, you must distribute the source to any changes you make

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48
Q

The largest difference between the GPLv2 and BSD licenses is:
GPLv2 is not approved by the OSI
Only BSD allows commercial use
Nothing, they are virtually identical
BSD has no copyleft provision
GPLv2 requires assigning copyright to the FSF

A

BSD has no copyleft provision*

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49
Q

The Free Software Foundation believes that: (choose two)
Software should be free to modify
No money should ever change hands
Software should be free to share
People should write software with no expectation of making money
Software should not have copyright

A

Software should be free to modify*
Software should be free to share*

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50
Q

Which of the following licenses was made by the FSF?
MIT
BSD
GPLv3
Creative Commons
Apache

A

GPLv3

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51
Q

A permissive free software license: (choose two)
Means you can use the software for anything you want
Does not allow the software to be locked to certain hardware
Places no restrictions on sharing modifications
Places the software in the public domain
Requires you share software changes but not binaries

A

Means you can use the software for anything you want*
Places no restrictions on sharing modifications*

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52
Q

Linux is distributed under which license?
Linux Foundation
MIT
BSD
GPLv2
GPLv3

A

GPLv2

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53
Q

Who founded the Open Source Initiative? (choose two)
Richard Stallman
University of California at Berkeley
Eric Raymond
Linus Torvalds
Bruce Perens

A

Eric Raymond*
Bruce Perens*

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54
Q

A generic term for Open Source and Free Software is:
SLOFF
Libre Software
FLOSS
GPL
OS/FS

A

FLOSS

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55
Q

Which are examples of permissive software licenses? (choose two)
GPLv3
GPLv2
LGPLv3
MIT
BSD

A

MIT*
BSD*

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56
Q

What does it mean when a work is placed in the public domain?
The work was done by a government agency
The author has died
You must redistribute changes to the software
You may not use the work for commercial purposes
The author has relinquished the copyright on the work

A

The author has relinquished the copyright on the work*

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57
Q

Creative Commons licenses allow you to: (choose three)
Specify whether or not people may distribute changes
Receive royalties on the use of the work
Specify whether or not changes must be shared
Allow or disallow commercial use
Get a veto on where the work is used

A

Specify whether or not people may distribute changes*
Specify whether or not changes must be shared*
Allow or disallow commercial use*

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58
Q

If a podcast is licensed under the CC BY-ND license, you may: (choose two)
Use an interview or song from it for your own podcast
Post it to your website
Add ads to it and post it to your website.
Share it as long as you give credit to the author
Sell it as part of a compilation

A

Post it to your website*
Share it as long as you give credit to the author*

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59
Q

How can you make money from open source software? (choose three)
Charge a yearly fee for the right to use the software
Take payments for fixing bugs
Sell hardware that’s built to work with the software
Provide paid consulting services for users
Unlock premium features for people that pay

A

Take payments for fixing bugs*
Sell hardware that’s built to work with the software*
Provide paid consulting services for users*

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60
Q

To place software under an open source license, you must give up your copyright.True or False?
True
False

A

False*

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61
Q

The difference between the GPL and LGPL licenses are:
LGPL is shorter than GPL
LGPL allows linking to non GPLed software
LGPL applies to web services
LGPL was made by the OSI while GPL was made by the FSF
LGPL allows you to distribute the software in binary-only form

A

LGPL allows linking to non GPLed software*

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62
Q

Permissive free software licenses: (choose three)
Are not approved by the OSI
Are not approved by the FSF
Include the GPLv2 and BSD
Can allow software to be used inside closed source software
Don’t have a copyleft provision

A

Are not approved by the FSF*
Can allow software to be used inside closed source software*
Don’t have a copyleft provision*

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63
Q

The Creative Commons version of Public Domain licensing is:
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike
Attribution-NonCommercial
Attribution
NoAttribution-ShareAlike
No Rights Reserved

A

No Rights Reserved*

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64
Q

Your company makes a hardware firewall that runs a custom Linux kernel. What are your obligations under GPLv2?
You must ensure your custom kernel runs on a regular Intel machine
You must make the source to your kernel available
There are no requirements
You must make the source to your custom web interface available
You must make your hardware designs available

A

You must make the source to your kernel available*

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65
Q

Participating in open source projects can improve your technical skills, even if it is not your day job.
True or False?
True
False

A

True

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66
Q

Which of the following is true about graphical mode? (choose three)
You cannot use your mouse
You have menus and tools to help you find what you are looking for*
After login, you are provided with a command prompt
After login, you are provided with a desktop*
You access this mode by logging into a graphical display*

A

You have menus and tools to help you find what you are looking for*
After login, you are provided with a desktop*
You access this mode by logging into a graphical display*

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67
Q

Which of the following is provided by a graphical interface that isn’t normally provided to a non graphical interface? (choose four)
Windows
Desktop
Menus
Popups
Shell

A

Windows*
Desktop*
Menus*
Popups*

68
Q

A server is likely to be running in graphical mode.True or False?
True
False

A

False*

69
Q

In graphical mode, you can get to a shell by running which applications? (choose two)
gbash
guiterm
terminal
xterm
xconsole

A

terminal*
xterm*

70
Q

Which of the following are traits of a multiuser operating system? (choose three)
Each user can only log in once per day
Users can protect their information from other users
Many users can log in simultaneously with a unique account
An administrative user gets a dedicated CPU
Resources are shared between users

A

Users can protect their information from other users*
Many users can log in simultaneously with a unique account*
Resources are shared between users*

71
Q

Virtualization means:
A single host can be split up into multiple guests
A user can connect to a server over the network and use a virtual console
A machine can swap memory to disk
Many users can share one hard drive
Two users get different memory spaces on the same machine

A

A single host can be split up into multiple guests*

72
Q

In virtualization, what are the host and guest? (choose two)
The host is the machine that runs the virtual machines
A host is a virtual machine
The terms can be used interchangeably
A guest is a virtual machine
The guest is the machine that runs the virtual machines

A

The host is the machine that runs the virtual machines*
A guest is a virtual machine*

73
Q

Which of the following are traits of cloud computing? (choose two)
You own the hardware but pay for it over time
You pay for what you use
Only Linux works in cloud computing
You don’t have to worry about performance any more
The resources are virtualized

A

You pay for what you use*
The resources are virtualized*

74
Q

If you wanted to write a report that was to be printed, you would probably use:
Chrome
A wiki
Adobe Flash
LibreOffice
Firefox

A

LibreOffice*

75
Q

If you want to store logins and passwords for different websites in a secure manner, you could use:
Firefox
A LibreOffice Document
KeePassX
A sticky note on your monitor
A text file in your home directory

A

KeePassX*

76
Q

You can configure your computer to check for updates automatically.True or False?
True
False

A

True*

77
Q

Two components that provide the ability to implement a firewall include: (choose two)
ipfw
iptables
Cerberus
Uncomplicated Firewall
gufw

A

iptables*
gufw*

78
Q

What are tradeoffs of increasing the level of privacy you have in your web browser? (choose two)
Sites may not work properly
Images won’t load properly
You may get viruses
Websites may load slower
You may have to explicitly permit some cookies to be saved

A

Sites may not work properly*
You may have to explicitly permit some cookies to be saved*

79
Q

Which of the following is a tool that helps you anonymize your Internet browsing?
The onion router
iptables
AnonFirefox
Web proxy
CookieCleaner

A

The onion router*

80
Q

Social network “like” buttons can track your activity across the Internet.True or False?
True
False

A

True*

81
Q

Which of the following are properties of a strong password? (choose three)
A mix of upper and lower case
Includes symbols
Long so that it can be reused on multiple sites
At least 10 characters long
Based on easy to remember items like birthdays

A

A mix of upper and lower case*
Includes symbols*
At least 10 characters long*

82
Q

What can be done to prevent remote people from running programs on your computer? (choose two)
Use strong passwords on all user accounts
Block all cookies
Turn on a firewall
Don’t use wireless networks – only wired
Block third party cookies

A

Use strong passwords on all user accounts*
Turn on a firewall*

83
Q

Which environment variable contains a list of directories that is searched for commands to execute?

PATH
PS1
PS2
EXEC

A

PATH

84
Q

Select the command that can report the location of a command:

what
which
where

A

which

85
Q

A pair of single quotes ( ‘ ) will prevent the shell from interpreting any metacharacter.

True or False?

True
False

A

True

86
Q

A pair of double quotes (” ) will prevent the shell from interpreting any metacharacter.

True or False?

True
False

A

False

87
Q

Using a pair of back quotes ( ` ) will cause a shell to execute the back-quoted text as a command and substitute the output back into the original command.

True or False?

True
False

A

True

88
Q

The semicolon (;) can be used to separate multiple commands to be executed in order.

True or False?

True
False

A

True

89
Q

The double ampersand characters (&& ) are used to separate commands to be executed conditionally, where if the command to the left of the ampersands fails, then the command to the right of the ampersands will be executed.

True or False?

True
False

A

False

90
Q

To be able to output messages to the screen, use the _______ command:

echo
print
display
type

A

echo

91
Q

The _______ command will print a list of the commands that you’ve previously executed.

list
eval
history
exec

A

history

92
Q

To execute the same command as previously executed five commands ago, you would type:

@-5
!5
!-5
&5

A

!-5

93
Q

The shell program interprets the commands you type into the terminal into instructions that the Linux operating system can execute.

True or False?

True
False

A

True

94
Q

The echo command:

Copies variables from one to another
Tests a variable for duplication
Is used for variable assignment
Is used to output text to the console
Duplicates the input stream to the output stream

A

Is used to output text to the console

95
Q

The most common shell used for Linux distributions is the ________ shell.

Fish
Bash
Tsch
Zsh

A

Bash

96
Q

HOME is an example of _________.

An environment variable
A path variable
A local variable
An internal command
An alias

A

An environment variable

97
Q

What is the standard option to provide a command line program to view its documentation?

-h
–info
–help
–doc

A

–help

98
Q

The command man -k is the same as the command apropos.

True or False?

True
False

A

True

99
Q

The whatis command is the same as man -w.

False
True

A

False

100
Q

The directory where additional documentation for software packages most likely can be found is:

/usr/software/doc
/var/lib/doc
/usr/share/doc
/var/share/doc

A

/usr/share/doc

101
Q

Which two pager commands are used by the man command to control movement within the document?

(choose two)

grep
less
page
more

A

less
more

102
Q

Commands typically executed by a user are covered in what section of the manual?

5
3
2
1

A

1

103
Q

To search the man page sections for the keyword example, which of the following command lines could you execute?

(choose two)

man -k example
apropos example
man -f example
whatis example

A

man -k example
apropos example

104
Q

The statement that describes the difference between a man page and an info page is:

The man page is like a guide; the info page is a more concise reference.
The info page is like a guide; a man page is a more concise reference.
The man page is a long detailed reference; the info page is very terse.
There is very little difference between them.

A

The info page is like a guide; a man page is a more concise reference.

105
Q

If you are reading the synopsis of a command from a man page, then items in square brackets are:

Required arguments
Comments
Optional
Required options

A

Optional

106
Q

The following sections commonly appear on a man page:

(choose three)

NAME
LICENSE
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS

A

NAME
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS

107
Q

Section 5 of the manual pages covers:

System administration commands
Games
User commands
File Formats

A

File Formats

108
Q

To start searching a man page, the first key you press is:

f
/
s
!

A

/

109
Q

To get help on using the info command, execute:

(choose two)

man info
info -q
info info
help info

A

man info
info info

110
Q

To get help while using the info command, press:

g
A
Shift+H
Shift+z

A

Shift+H

111
Q

When interpreting the SYNOPSIS of a command found on a man page, the “|” means:

The items it separates can be used together
The items it separates cannot be used together

A

The items it separates cannot be used together

112
Q

The _____ command is normally executed daily to update the database of all files that are on the system.

find
locate
search
updatedb

A

updatedb

113
Q

The _____ command is normally executed to search for a command or man page.

updatedb
whereis
find
man -k

A

whereis

114
Q

The _____ command can be used to find any file, not just commands or man pages.

apropos
whereis
whatis
locate

A

locate

115
Q

The info command merges all available documentation into a single “book”.

True or False?

True
False

A

True

116
Q

Section 9 of man pages relates to what?

Library Calls
Games
Kernel Routines
System Calls
Miscellaneous

A

Kernel Routines

117
Q

The man command searches each of the sections in order until it finds a match.

True or False?

True
False

A

True

118
Q

The whatis command will only return the first result for which section a man page is stored in.

True or False?

True
False

A

False

119
Q

Hidden files are files that begin with what character?

A plus (+)
An asterisk (*)
A dash (-)
A period (.)

A

A period (.)

120
Q

What option for the ls command will display all files, including hidden files?

-a
-L
-H
-w

A

-a

121
Q

The top-level directory on a Linux system is represented as:

/home
C:
/root
/

A

/

122
Q

Is the following path absolute or relative?

/etc/ppp

Absolute
Relative

A

Absolute

123
Q

Is the following path absolute or relative?

sysadmin/Documents

Absolute
Relative

A

Relative

124
Q

Is the following path absolute or relative?

../../home/sysadmin

Absolute
Relative

A

Relative

125
Q

The tilde (~) is used to represent:

Any two single characters
Nothing; it has no special meaning
The directory above the current working directory
A user’s home directory

A

A user’s home directory

126
Q

Which of the following commands can be used to access the home directory of the user “bob” while logged in as root?
(choose two)

cd &&
cd /home/bob
cd ~bob
~bob

A

cd /home/bob
cd ~bob

127
Q

The double dot (..) can be used with the cd command to represent:

A user’s home directory.
Any two single characters
Nothing; it has no special meaning.
The directory above the current working directory

A

The directory above the current working directory

128
Q

The cd command by itself will take you to what directory?

None; it is not a valid command
The system root directory
Your home directory
The directory above the current working directory

A

Your home directory

129
Q

The ls command without options or arguments…

…prompts for a directory to list.
…generates an error as this command requires arguments.
…lists the contents of a user’s home directory.
…lists the contents of the current directory.

A

…lists the contents of the current directory.

130
Q

The first character in a long listing (ls -l) indicates:

The permissions
The owner
If something is a file, directory, or symbolic link
The size

A

If something is a file, directory, or symbolic link

131
Q

Which option for the ls command, when used in conjunction with the -l option, will display human-readable file sizes?

-S
-H
-h
-M

A

-h

132
Q

Which of the following commands will prevent any aliased options to the ls command?

%ls
/ls
`ls
\ls

A

\ls

133
Q

The ls command color codes results by default.
True or False?

True
False

A

False

134
Q

The command ls -S will sort files:

By modification date, newest to oldest
By size, largest to smallest
By number of symlinks, largest to smallest
By size, smallest to largest

A

By size, largest to smallest

135
Q

When using the cp command, you must provide both a source and a destination.

True or False?

True
False

A

True

136
Q

Which option(s) can be used to prevent cp from overwriting an existing file?

(choose two)

-z
-n
-N
-i

A

-n
-i

137
Q

The command rm -r will…

remove a directory along with any files or subdirectories.
generate an error; -r isn’t a valid option.
remove only empty directories.
prompt for each confirmation before deleting each file in a directory.

A

remove a directory along with any files or subdirectories.

138
Q

Which option can be used with the rm command to prompt before deleting?

A
-P
l
-i

A

-i

139
Q

The rm command can delete multiple files at once.

True or False?

True
False

A

True

140
Q

Which of the following commands can be used to rename a file?

cp
rm
mv
name

A

mv

141
Q

The touch command can be used to:

(choose two)

Update the timestamp of existing files
Change ownership of a file
Create new files
Change a file’s name

A

Update the timestamp of existing files
Change a file’s name

142
Q

Which of the following are glob characters?

(choose three)

The square brackets “[” and “]”
The question mark “?”
The dash character “-“
The asterisk “*”

A

The square brackets “[” and “]”
The question mark “?”
The asterisk “*”

143
Q

The main purpose of using glob characters is to be able to provide a list of filenames to a command.

True or False?

True
False

A

True

144
Q

The asterisk character is used to represent zero or more of any character in a filename.

True or False?

True
False

A

True

145
Q

Which of these commands will return /etc/gai.conf /etc/pam.conf /etc/ucf.conf?

(choose two)

ls /etc/???.????
echo /etc/???.f
echo /etc/?.*o?
ls /etc/p???.**

A

ls /etc/???.????
echo /etc/???.*f

146
Q

Brackets cannot be used to a represent a range of characters.

True or False?

True
False

A

False

147
Q

Which command would list files that do not begin with a “T” or a “W”?

echo /etc/[TW!]
echo /etc/!TW
echo /etc/[!TW]
echo /etc/[*TW]!

A

echo /etc/[!TW]*

148
Q

Compression of a file works by:

Eliminating gaps within the file
Consolidating multiple files into one
Removing redundant information
Storing most of the data on removable media and just leaving a pointer
Removing the high order bit from each byte

A

Removing redundant information

149
Q

In general, for which of the following would you want to use lossless compression?

An mp3 audio file
An encrypted email
A JPEG image
A log file
A movie

A

A log file

150
Q

Lossy compression:
(choose three)

Usually results better compression than lossless
Is often used with images
Is often used with documents
Decompresses to an identical version as the original
Sacrifices some quality

A

Usually results better compression than lossless
Is often used with images
Sacrifices some quality

151
Q

You type gzip myfile.tar. What happens?

(choose two)

myfile.tar is unarchived into the current directory
An error; you forgot to pass the name of the output file
myfile.tar.gz holds a compressed version of myfile.tar
An error; you forgot to specify the file with -f
myfile.tar is removed

A

myfile.tar.gz holds a compressed version of myfile.tar
myfile.tar is removed

152
Q

Which command would you use to archive the Documents directory and compress it with bzip2 compression?

tar –fzc Documents documents.tbz
tar –cf Documents documents.tbz
tar –cjf Documents
tar –cjf documents.tbz Documents
tar –czf documents.tbz

A

tar –cjf documents.tbz Documents

153
Q

Which flag would you pass to tar in order to have it make a new archive?

-t
-c
-n
-x
-j

A

-c

154
Q

Which command will show what is inside the compressed tarball with a name of foo.tar.gz?

tar –tjf foo.tar.gz
tar –lf foo.tar.gz
tar –tf foo.tar.gz
tar –xf foo.tar.gz
tar –tzf foo.tar.gz

A

tar –tzf foo.tar.gz

155
Q

In the command tar -cvjf foo.tbz a b c, what are a, b, and c?

Nothing; -cvjf only expects one parameter
File names to be added to the archive
a is the directory that will be prepended to files; b and c are files inside it
Matching operators; anything starting with a, b, or c will be added
Extra flags passed to tar

A

File names to be added to the archive

156
Q

Given the command tar –cvjf homedirs.tbz /home, which of the following are true?

(choose two)

Only files starting with /home will be extracted from the archive
The command will print out each filename as it is processed
The /home directory will be restored with the contents of homedirs.tbz
Files that are present in the archive might overwrite files in /home
The output file will be compressed

A

The command will print out each filename as it is processed
The output file will be compressed

157
Q

You archived your users’ directories into a file called backup.tar.gz. You then view the archive and see the filenames follow this convention:

home/username/somefile
How will you extract just the files for the user called fred?

tar –xzf backup.tar.gz home/fred/
tar –tjf backup.tar.gz /home/fred
tar –xjf backup.tar.gz home/fred/
tar –xzf backup.tar.gz fred
tar –tzf /home/fred < backup.tar.gz

A

tar –xzf backup.tar.gz home/fred/

158
Q

Which of the following commands will create a zipfile with the contents of your Documents directory?

zip –f mydocs.zip Documents
zip -r mydocs.zip Documents
zip –c mydocs.zip Documents
zip mydocs.zip Documents
zip -cf mydocs.zip Documents

A

zip -r mydocs.zip Documents

159
Q

Given a file called documents.zip, how can you see what’s in it without extracting the files?

zip -lf documents.zip
unzip -l documents.zip
unzip –list documents.zip
zip -l documents.zip
showzip documents.zip

A

unzip -l documents.zip

160
Q

Given a file called documents.zip, how can you extract just the files under ProjectX?

unzip documents.zip ProjectX/*
unzip documents.zip | grep ProjectX
unzip documents.zip ProjectX
zip -x documents.zip ProjectX
unzip -t documents.zip ProjectX

A

unzip documents.zip ProjectX/*

161
Q

You try to compress a file that is already compressed. Which of the following statements is true?

The file will not be compressed any further than it already was
The compression algorithm needs to be set to the “currently compressed” mode for it to be compressed further
The file changed while you were compressing it
The file will be deleted
The file will actually be uncompressed

A

The file will not be compressed any further than it already was

162
Q

Which of the following commands can be used to compress a file?

(choose three)

bunzip2
cat
zip
bzip2
gzip

A

zip
bzip2
gzip

163
Q

The three main modes of tar are:

(choose three)

List
Create
Compress
Copy
Extract

A

List
Create
Extract

164
Q

In the command tar -czf foo.tar.gz bar, what is the purpose of the f flag?

Tells tar to copy only files, and not directories
Tells tar to read from the file that follows the flag
Tells tar to write to the file that follows the flag
Tells tar to print the name of each file as it is processed
Specifies extra compression is to be used

A

Tells tar to write to the file that follows the flag

165
Q

Which two commands do the same thing?

(choose two)

tar -czf foo.tar.gz foo
tar -tzf foo.tar.gz
tar -c foo | gzip > foo.tar.gz
tar -x foo | gzip
tar -xzf foo.tar.gz

A

tar -czf foo.tar.gz foo
tar -tzf foo.tar.gz
tar -c foo | gzip > foo.tar.gz

166
Q

Which two programs use the Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain algorithm?

(choose two)

xz
lossless
lossy
bzip
gzip

A

xz
gzip

167
Q

By default, the zip command replaces uncompressed files with compressed files.

True or False?

True
False

A

True

Linux (2 decks)

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