NCMA219

Question 1

5 MAIN CAUSES OF POSTPARTAL HEMORRHAGE

Answer 1

Uterine atony, lacerations, retained placental fragments, uterine inversion, DIC

Question 2

Relaxation of the uterus, most frequent cause of PPH

Answer 2

uterine atony

Question 3

best measure of prevention for uterine atony

Answer 3

palpate uterus frequently

Question 4

what to give if uterine remains uncontracted in uterine atony and contraindication

Answer 4

oxytocin iv and methergine (contraindication hypertension)

Question 5

promotes strong contractions, sustained uterine contractions

Answer 5

prostaglandin

Question 6

increases tension on the perineum

Answer 6

lithotomy

Question 7

vagina, perineal skin, fascia, levator ani, perineal body

Answer 7

2nd degree laceration

Question 8

mostly happens with succenturiate placenta and placenta accreta

Answer 8

retained placental fragments

Question 9

incomplete return of uterus to pre-pregnancy size and shape

Answer 9

subinvolution

Question 10

causes of subinvolution

Answer 10

retained placental fragments, endometriosis, uterine mass

Question 11

management for subinvolution

Answer 11

methylergonovine maleate (Methergine)

Question 12

collection of blood in the subcutaneous layer of the perineum

Answer 12

perineal hematoma

Question 13

infection of the lining of the uterus

Answer 13

endometriosis

Question 14

infection that may start from suture line (episiorraphy) after an episiotomy

Answer 14

perineal infection

Question 15

inflammation with the formation of blood clots

Answer 15

thrombophlebitis

Question 16

management for thrombophlebitis

Answer 16

anticoagulants heparin and warfarin

Question 17

what should you NEVER do in thrombophlebitis

Answer 17

massage skin over clot

Question 18

acquired disorder of blood clotting in which fibrinogen level falls to below effective limits

Answer 18

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Question 19

management of DIC

Answer 19

heparin administration, antithrombin III factor, fibrinogen, FFP/platelet concentrate, bleeding precaution

Question 20

burning on urination, hematuria, urinary frequency, low-grade fever

Answer 20

urinary tract infection

Question 21

management of UTI

Answer 21

sulfa drugs (Co-trimoxazole) , amox/ampicillin, increased oral fluid intake, analgesic

Question 22

management of UTI

Answer 22

sulfa drugs (Co-trimoxazole) , amox/ampicillin, increased oral fluid intake, analgesic

Question 23

contraindication of sulfa drugs

Answer 23

breastfeeding; it can cause neonatal jaundice

Question 24

immediate, (1-10 days) feeling of sadness

Answer 24

postpartal “blues”

Question 25

a more serious problem than postpartal blues

Answer 25

postpartal depression

Question 26

risk factors of pospartal depression

Answer 26

history of depression, troubled childhood, low self-esteem, stress, lack of support system

Question 27

psychiatric illness that coincides with postpartal period; response to crisis of childbearing

Answer 27

postpartal psychosis