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MED SURG > NCM114 LEC > Flashcards

NCM114 LEC Flashcards

1
Q

-Concerned primarily with the changes that occur between
maturity and death and with the factors that influence these
changes.
-the study of aging and/or the aged.
-actual study of the
aging process.

A

GERONTOLOGY

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2
Q

-geriatrics focuses on the care
of aging people
-relates to the medical care of the aged.

A

GERIATRICS

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3
Q

works to promote health in the older adults
while preventing and treating diseases prone to them.

A

geriatrician or geriatric physician and
gerontology nurse

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4
Q

-Discipline of nursing and scope of nursing practice.
-Involves nurses advocating for the health of older
adults at all levels of prevention.

A

GERONTOLOGICAL NURSING

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5
Q

-Nurse who has specialization in geriatrics or in the care of old people

A

geriatric nurse or
gerontological nurse.

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6
Q

-Work with healthy elderly persons in their
communities, acutely ill elders requiring
hospitalization and treatment, and chronically ill or disabled elders in long-term facilities, skilled care,
home care, and hospice.
-from the time of “old age” until death.

A

GERONTOLOGICAL NURSE:

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7
Q

-Related to the disease process of old age
-aims at keeping old persons at a state of self-dependence as far as possible and to provide facilities to improve their quality of life

A

GERIATRIC CARE:

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8
Q

process of growing old or developing the
appearance and characteristics of old age.

A

AGING PROCESS

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9
Q

-defined as time related deterioration of the physiological functions necessary for survival and fertility.
-process of growing old
-expresses the continuous pressure
-normal process of time related
-graduate and spontaneous changes that occurs in maturation from infant to young adult

A

AGING or AGEING

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10
Q

classification of aging

A

-objectively
-subjectively
-functionally

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11
Q

universal process that
begins at birth and is specified by the chronological
age criterion.

A

Objectively

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12
Q

marked by changes in
behavior and self-perception and reactions to
biologic changes.

A

Subjectively

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13
Q

refers to the capabilities of
individual to function in society.

A

Functionally

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14
Q

Young old age

A

60 to 74

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15
Q

Old age

A

75 to 84

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16
Q

Old-old age

A

85 - 100

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17
Q

Centenarians

A

Over 100

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18
Q

Physical changes that “slow us down” as human
get into middle and older years.

A

BIOLOGIC AGING:

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19
Q

including mental
functioning and personality, that occur as human
age.

A

PSYCHOLOGIC AGING:

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20
Q

Changes in a person’s roles and relationships, both
within their networks of relatives and friends and in
formal organizations such as the workplace and
houses of worship.

A

SOCIAL AGING:

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21
Q

-Decline in cognitive processing that occurs as
people get older.
-Age-related impairments in reasoning memory and
processing speed can arise during adulthood and
progress into the older years.

A

COGNITIVE AGING:

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22
Q

viewed life with three-pronged course

A

SR. LETY KUAN

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23
Q

3 COMPONENTS OF LIFE COURSE:

A

-Acquisition
-Struggles
-Legacy

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24
Q

-affects one’s capability to face challenges and struggles in life
-very crucial

A

Acquisition

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25
Q

test on one’s acquisition and his capability to cope and strengthen his/her acquisition

A

Struggles

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26
Q

stage when the person achieved SELF-ACTUALIZATION and made a big contribution to the society.

A

Legacy

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27
Q

period from birth to death, including a sequence of predictable life events such as physical maturation

A

life course

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28
Q

love to play and learn, looking forward to becoming preteens.

A

Children

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29
Q

begin to test their independence, they are eager to become teenagers.

A

Preteens

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30
Q

anticipate the promises and challenges of adulthood.

A

Teenagers

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31
Q

become focused on creating families, building careers, and experiencing the world as independent people.

A

Adults

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32
Q

look forward to wonderful time to enjoy life without as much pressure from work and family life.

A

old age

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33
Q

dependent on caregivers for everything.

A

newborns

34
Q

Who notes “aging is a lifelong process and entails maturation and change on physical, psychological, and social levels. “

A

Riley (1978)

35
Q

REASONS FOR INCREASE IN ELDERLY POPULATION

A

1.Declining fertility
2. Increasing life expectancy of the elderly

36
Q

CHANGES IN LIFE EXPECTANCY WAS DUE TO

A

-Improved SANITATION
-Advances in MEDICAL CARE
-Implementation of PREVENTIVE HEALTH
MEASURES

37
Q

As people grow older, they become less self-sufficient in terms of taking care of their own finances, health, and general day-to-day needs and obligations.

A

IMPACT OF AGING MEMBERS IN THE FAMILY

38
Q

Caring for aging parents often means extra costs related to home health care, medical expenses not covered by insurance and extra insurance premiums for services such as long-term care.

A

FINANCIAL EFFECTS

39
Q

When you live with your aging parents or assume a high amount of daily care for them, you experience a change in your family roles.

A

STRUCTURAL EFFECTS

40
Q

Prioritizing parents’ care can ease their pain and worry, but might impact your health.

A

PHYSICAL EFFECTS

41
Q

process by which a cell lows its ability to grow, divide and function

A

SENESCENSE

42
Q

number of years a person is expected to live; based on an estimate average age that a member of a population when they die

A

LIFE EXPECTANCY

43
Q

Some Factors Influencing Your Life Expectancy

A

Heredity
Disease processes
Medical treatment
Lifestyle choices
Nutrition

44
Q

explain the thought processes and behaviors of aging persons.

A

PSYCHO-SOCIAL THEORIES

45
Q

address the anatomic and physiologic changes occurring with age.

A

Biological Theories

46
Q

-changing roles, relationships, status, and generational cohort impact the older adult’s ability to adapt
- relate to the environment influences that contribute and affect aging people

A

Sociological Theories

47
Q

remaining occupied and involved is necessary to a satisfying late-life

A

Activity

48
Q

gradual withdrawal from society and relationships serves to maintain social equilibrium and promote internal reflection

A

Disengagement

49
Q

elderly prefer to segregate from society in a subculture sharing loss of status and societal negativity regarding the age

A

Subculture

50
Q

personality influences roles and life
satisfaction and remains consistent
throughout life.

A

Continuity

51
Q

basis of acquiring resources, roles, status,
and difference from others

A

Age Stratification

52
Q

function is affected by ego, strength, mobility, health, cognition, sensoryperception, and the environment

A

Person-Environment Fit

53
Q

transformation from a materialistic rational
perspective towards oneness with the universe

A

Gerotranscendence

54
Q

explains aging in terms of mental processes, emotions, attitudes, motivation and personality
development that is characterized by life stage transitions

A

PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES

55
Q

-physiological, safety, love/belongingness, self-esteem, self- actualization
- failure to grow lead to feeling of failure, life is meaningless

A

Human Needs

56
Q
  • traits of individualistic cultures: uniqueness,
    independence, self-sufficiency, and autonomy
    • adults search for life meaning
    • adapt to functional and social losses
A

Individualism

57
Q

Stages of Personality Development

A

Integrity vs Despair

58
Q

characterized by evaluation life accomplishments; struggles include letting go, accepting care, detachment, and physical and mental decline

A

Integrity vs Despair

59
Q

based on random events that cause cellular damage that accumulates as the organism ages

A

Stochastic Theories

60
Q

cause the cell damage. thus,
causing aging

A

Free Radical Theory

61
Q

the human body is subject to degration due to the external environment

A

Wear and Tear Theory

62
Q

with aging, proteins impede metabolic processes and cause trouble with getting nutrients to cells and removing cellular waste products

A

Connective Tissue/Cross-link Theory

63
Q

based on genetically programmed events that cause cellular damage that accelerates aging of the organism

A

Nonstochastic Theories

64
Q

cells divide until they are no longer able to, and this triggers apoptosis or cell death.

A

Programmed Theory

65
Q

cells have a genetically programmed aging code

A

Gene/Biological Clock Theory

66
Q

problems with the hypothalamus, pituitary endocrine gland feedback system cause disease; increased insulin growth factor accelerates aging

A

Neuroendocrine Theory

67
Q

aging is due to faulty immunological function, which is linked to general well-being.

A

Immunological Theory

68
Q

Two categories of theory

A

-non-programmed aging theories
-programmed ageing theories

69
Q

based on evolutionary concepts

A

non-programmed aging theories

70
Q

-consider ageing to ultimately be the result of a biological mechanism

A

programmed ageing theories

71
Q

-considers ageing to be the result of a sequential switching on and off of certain genes

A

Programmed Longevity

72
Q

where biological clocks act through hormones to control the pace of ageing.

A

Endocrine Theory

73
Q

states that the immune system is programmed to decline over time

A

Immunological Theory,

74
Q

Refers to an inevitable process in which many of the relationships between a person and other members of society are severed & those remaining are altered in quality.

A

Disengagement Theory

75
Q

another theory that describes the psychosocial ageing process.

A

Activity Theory

76
Q

system is a complicated network of biochemicals that govern the release of hormones which are altered by the walnut sized gland called the hypothalamus located in the brain.

A

Neuroendocrine Theory

77
Q

describes any molecule that has a free electron, and this property makes it react with healthy molecules in a destructive way

A

Free Radical Theory

78
Q

mitochondria are the power producing organelles found in every cell of every organ

A

Decline Theory

79
Q

age-related changes of the cell’s ability to transfer chemicals, heat and electrical processes that impair it.

A

Membrane Theory of Aging

80
Q

also referred to as the Glycosylation Theory of Aging. In this theory it is the binding of glucose (simple sugars) to protein, (a process that occurs under the presence of oxygen) that causes various problems.

A

Cross-Linking Theory

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