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NCLEX Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What drugs have the ending -pril, and what are they used for?

A

ACE inhibitors ; used for hypertension

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2
Q

What drugs have the ending -alol and -ilol, and what are they used for?

A

alpha and beta blockers ; used for hypertension

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3
Q

What drugs have the ending -azosin, and what are they used for?

A

alpha blockers ; used for hypertension

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4
Q

What drugs have the ending -phetamine, and what are they used for?

A

amphetamines ; ADHD

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5
Q

What drugs have the ending -steroids and -xanox, and what are they used for?

A

androgen inhibitors ; used for metastasis prevention

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6
Q

What drugs have the ending -sartan, and what are they used for?

A

angiotensin II receptor antagonists ; used for hypertension

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7
Q

What drugs have the ending -tadine, -astine, and -iramine, and what are they used for?

A

antihistamine ; used for allergies

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8
Q

What drugs have the ending -mine, and what are they used for?

A

anorexiants ; used for obesity

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9
Q

What drugs have the ending -azepam, and what are they used for?

A

antianxiety ; used for anxiety

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10
Q

What drugs have the ending -arone, and what are they used for?

A

antiarrhythmics ; used for arrhythmias

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11
Q

What drugs have the ending -cillin, -cycline, -micin, and -mycin, and what are they used for?

A

antibiotics ; used for bacterial infections

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12
Q

What drugs have the ending -xaban and -parin, and what are they used for?

A

anticoagulants ; used for clot prevention

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13
Q

What drugs have the ending -racetam, and what are they used for?

A

anticonvulsants ; used for seizure prevention

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14
Q

What drugs have the ending -zodone, -triptyline, and -oxetine, and what are they used for?

A

antidepressants ; used for depression

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15
Q

What drugs have the ending -formin, -gliptin, and -glitazone, and what are they used for?

A

antidiabetics ; used for hyperglycemia

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16
Q

What drugs have the ending -toin, and what are they used for?

A

antiepileptics ; used for seizure prevention

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17
Q

What drugs have the ending -ifen(e), and what are they used for?

A

antiestrogens ; used for metastasis prevention

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18
Q

What drugs have the ending -azole, and what are they used for?

A

antifungals ; used for fungal infections

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19
Q

What drugs have the ending -statin, and what are they used for?

A

antihyperlipidemic ; used for hypercholesterolemia

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20
Q

What drugs have the ending -fiban, -fibatide, and -grel, and what are they used for?

A

antiplatelet ; used for clot prevention

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21
Q

What drugs have the ending -arotene, and what are they used for?

A

antipsoriatic ; used for psoriasis

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22
Q

What drugs have the ending -periodol, -peridone, and -ridone, and what are they used for?

A

antipsychotics ; used for schizophrenia and other mental health disorders

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23
Q

What drugs have the ending -troban and -parinux, and what are they used for?

A

antithrombolytics ; used for clot prevention

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24
Q

What drugs have the ending -amivir, -ciclovir, -navir, - virsen, -uridine, and -mantadine, and what are they used for?

A

antiviral ; used for viral infections

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25
Q

What drugs have the ending -spirone, and what are they used for?

A

anxiolytics ; used for anxiety

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26
Q

What drugs have the ending -artan, and what are they used for?

A

ARBs ; used for hypertension and heart failure

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27
Q

What drugs have the ending -barbitol, and what are they used for?

A

barbiturates ; used for anxiety, insomnia, seizure prevention

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28
Q

What drugs have the ending -zepam, -zolam, and -nil, and what are they used for?

A

benzodiazepine ; used for anxiety, panic, insomnia, seizure prevention

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29
Q

What drugs have the ending -olol, and what are they used for?

A

beta blockers ; used for hypertension

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30
Q

What drugs have the ending -terol, and what are they used for?

A

bronchodilators ; used for asthma

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31
Q

What drugs have the ending -dipine, -tiazem, and -pamil, and what are they used for?

A

calcium channel blockers ; used for hypertension

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32
Q

What drugs have the ending -dronate, and what are they used for?

A

calcium regulators ; used for thyroid disease

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33
Q

What drugs have the ending -lamide, and what are they used for?

A

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor ; used for glaucoma

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34
Q

What drugs have the ending -oxin, and what are they used for?

A

cardiac glycoside ; used for heart failure and dysrhythmias

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35
Q

What drugs have the ending -rinone, and what are they used for?

A

cardiotonics ; used for heart failure

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36
Q

What drugs have the ending -asone, and what are they used for?

A

corticosteroid ; used for inflammation

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37
Q

What drugs have the ending -coxib, and what are they used for?

A

COX-2 inhibitors ; used for arthritis

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38
Q

What drugs have the ending -azoline, and what are they used for?

A

decongestants ; used for congestion

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39
Q

What drugs have the ending -mide and -zide, and what are they used for?

A

diuretics ; used for expelling excess fluid

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40
Q

What drugs have the ending -dopa, and what are they used for?

A

dopamine receptor agonists ; used for Parkinson’s

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41
Q

What drugs have the ending -fibrate, and what are they used for?

A

fibric acid derivatives ; used for hyperlipidemia

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42
Q

What drugs have the ending -oxacin, and what are they used for?

A

fluoroquinolones ; used for bacterial infections

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43
Q

What drugs have the ending -relin, and what are they used for?

A

GnRH analogs ; used for prostate cancer

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44
Q

What drugs have the ending -tidine, and what are they used for?

A

H2-receptor antagonists ; used for duodenal ulcers

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45
Q

What drugs have the ending -clone, -pidem, and -plon, and what are they used for?

A

hypnotics/sedatives ; used for anxiety, insomnia

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46
Q

What drugs have the ending -tide, and what are they used for?

A

incretin mimetics ; used for hyperglycemia

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47
Q

What drugs have the ending -ane, -flurane, and what are they used for?

A

inhaled anesthetics ; used for anesthesia

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48
Q

What drugs have the ending -lukast, and what are they used for?

A

leukotriene receptor antagonists ; used for allergies, asthma, COPD

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49
Q

What drugs have the ending -caine, and what are they used for?

A

local anesthetics ; used for anesthesia

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50
Q

What drugs have the ending -etanide, and what are they used for?

A

loop diuretics ; used for expelling excess fluid

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51
Q

What drugs have the ending -giline, and what are they used for?

A

MAOIs ; used for depression

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52
Q

What drugs have the ending -mab, and what are they used for?

A

monoclonal antibodies ; used for cancer

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53
Q

What drugs have the ending -tant, and what are they used for?

A

neurokinin receptor antagonists ; used for n/v with chemo

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54
Q

What drugs have the ending -nicline, and what are they used for?

A

nicotinic agonists ; used for nicotine withdrawal

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55
Q

What drugs have the ending -stigmine and -nium, and what are they used for?

A

NM blocker antidote ; used for NM blocker overdose

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56
Q

What drugs have the ending -fenac, -bufen, and -profen, and what are they used for?

A

NSAIDs ; used for pain, fever, inflammation

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57
Q

What drugs have the ending -afile, and what are they used for?

A

PDE5 inhibitors ; used for ED

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58
Q

What drugs have the ending -azine, and what are they used for?

A

phenothiazines (antipsychotic) ; used for schizophrenia and other mental health disorders

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59
Q

What drugs have the ending -tropin, and what are they used for?

A

pituitary hormone ; used for pituitary disorders

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60
Q

What drugs have the ending -trel, and what are they used for?

A

progestins ; used for amenorrhea/irregular bleeding, dysmenorrhea w/ endometriosis

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61
Q

What drugs have the ending -prost, and what are they used for?

A

prostaglandin agonists ; used for glaucoma

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62
Q

What drugs have the ending -prazole, and what are they used for?

A

proton pump inhibitor (PPI) ; used for GERD, ulcers

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63
Q

What drugs have the ending -kiren, and what are they used for?

A

renin inhibitors ; used for hypertension

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64
Q

What drugs have the ending -fen(e), and what are they used for?

A

selective estrogen receptor modifiers ; used for breast cancer, osteoporosis, menopause

65
Q

What drugs have the ending -melteon, and what are they used for?

A

selective melatonin receptor agonist ; used for insomnia

66
Q

What drugs have the ending -setron and -triptan, and what are they used for?

A

serotonin antagonists ; used for migraines

67
Q

What drugs have the ending -etine, and what are they used for?

A

SSRIs ; used for depression

68
Q

What drugs have the ending -sone and -olone, and what are they used for?

A

steroids ; used for Rheumatoid arthritis, IBS, asthma, allergies

69
Q

What drugs have the ending -gatran, and what are they used for?

A

thrombin inhibitors ; used for DVT

70
Q

What drugs have the ending -ase, and what are they used for?

A

thrombolytics ; used for dissolving clots

71
Q

What drugs have the ending -onide, and what are they used for?

A

topical corticosteroids ; used for rash, dermatitis, eitching, eczema, psoriasis, etc.

72
Q

What drugs have the ending -pressin, and what are they used for?

A

vasoconstrictors (vasopressin derivatives) ; used for retaining fluid (antidiuretic)

73
Q

topical corticosteroids ; used for rash, dermatitis, itching, eczema, psoriasis, etc.

A

vasodilator ; used for hypertension

74
Q

What drugs have the ending -phylline, and what are they used for?

A

xanthine derivatives ; used for asthma, COPD

75
Q

What are the 5 rights of delegation?

A

Task, circumstance, person, communication/instructions, supervision/evaluation

76
Q

What can be delegated to an LPN?

A

Sterile procedures, oral or injection meds (NO IV), assessments on stable patients, enteral feeds (NO PARENTERAL FEEDS)

77
Q

What are Erikson’s stages of development?

A

Trust vs. Mistrust ; Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt ; Initiative vs. Guilt ; Industry vs. Inferiority ; Identity vs. Role Confusion

78
Q

What is the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?

A

Birth to 1 year ; establishing trust in the people providing care

79
Q

What is the Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage?

A

1-3 years ; increased autonomy and independence

80
Q

What is the Initiative vs. Guilt stage?

A

3-6 years ; initiating new activities and ideas

81
Q

What is the Industry vs. Inferiority stage?

A

6-12 years ; development of new interests and pride in accomplishments

82
Q

What is the Industry vs. Role Confusion stage?

A

12-18 years ; thought processes become more complex and sense of self is established

83
Q

What are Piaget’s stages of development?

A

Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational

84
Q

What is the Sensorimotor stage?

A

Birth to 2 years ; infants learn about the world through their senses

85
Q

What is the Preoperational stage?

A

2-7 years ; thinks by using words and symbols, but logic is not well developed

86
Q

What is the Concrete Operational stage?

A

7-11 years ; understanding of cause and effect, uses concrete reasoning

87
Q

What is the Formal Operational stage?

A

11 years to adulthood ; fully mature intellectual thought, uses abstract reasoning

88
Q

What happens in the 4th week of gestation?

A

Spinal cord is formed and fused, head folds forward, back is bent, prominent bulge appears that will later form the heart, arms and legs are budlike, facial features are barely recognizable

89
Q

What happens in the 8th week of gestation?

A

Organs have been created, heart is beating rhythmically, arms and legs have developed, facial features are noticeable, genitals begin to form, intestine is rapidly growing, pregnancy can be confirmed via ultrasound

90
Q

What happens in the 12th week of gestation?

A

Toes and fingers have nail beds, fetal movements begin, reflexes present, tooth buds form, bone ossification starts, genitals are recognizable, urine secretion begins, heartbeat detected by doppler

91
Q

What happens during the 16th week of gestation?

A

Stethoscope can detect fetal heartbeat, lanugo is forming, pancreas and liver form, urine is present in amniotic fluid, fetus swallows, ultrasound can determine sex

92
Q

What happens during the 20th week of gestation?

A

Mother can feel movement, hair formation on head, meconium is in intestines, brown fat forms, vernix caseosa forms, antibody transfer begins, sleep and activity of fetus are present

93
Q

What happens during the 24th week of gestation?

A

Lung surfactant begins to develop, meconium is present at rectum, eyelids can open, pupils react to light, responds to sudden sounds, could survive if born and cared for in NICU

94
Q

What happens during the 28th week of gestation?

A

Surfactant in the amniotic fluid, alveoli begin to mature, testes descend, retinal blood vessels form

95
Q

What happens during the 32nd week of gestation?

A

Subcutaneous fat is deposited, fetus responds to sounds outside the mother’s body, moro reflex is present, iron stores develop, fingernails grow

96
Q

What happens during the 36th week of gestation?

A

Deposition of iron, carbs, calcium, and glycogen stores are in the body, additional subcutaneous fat is deposited, creases in soles of feet, lanugo diminishes, may turn to vertex presentation

97
Q

What happens during the 40th week of gestation?

A

Kicks actively, fetal hemoglobin is converted to adult hemoglobin, vernix caseosa is fully formed, fingernails extend to fingertips, soles of feet have more creases

98
Q

Where would you measure the fundal height at 12-14 weeks of gestation?

A

Pubic symphysis

99
Q

Where would you measure the fundal height at 16 weeks of gestation?

A

Between umbilicus and pubic symphysis

100
Q

Where would you measure the fundal height at 20-22 weeks of gestation?

A

Umbilicus

101
Q

Where would you measure the fundal height at 36 weeks of gestation?

A

Xiphoid process of sternum

102
Q

What would cause a short fundal height measurement?

A

Fetal descent, error in estimated conception date, small fetus, oligohydramnios, SGA, IGR (intrauterine growth restriction)

103
Q

What would cause a long fundal height measurement?

A

Twins, error in estimated conception date, large fetus, gestational diabetes, polyhydramnios, LGA, molar pregnancy, breech presentation

104
Q

What should an infant’s weight be at 1 month?

A

Twice the birth weight

105
Q

What should an infant’s weight be at 1 year?

A

Three times the birth weight

106
Q

What is the social milestone for 2 months of age?

A

Smiling

107
Q

What is the social milestone for 6 months of age?

A

Plays peekaboo, develops stranger anxiety

108
Q

What is the social milestone for 12 months of age?

A

Using a few words in addition to “dada” and “mama”

109
Q

What is the gross motor milestone for 8 months of age?

A

Sitting

110
Q

What is the gross motor milestone for 9 months of age?

A

Crawling

111
Q

What is the gross motor milestone for 11-12 months of age?

A

Walking

112
Q

What is the fine motor milestone for 10 months of age?

A

Pincer grasp

113
Q

What types of hepatitis have a fecal-oral route?

A

A and E. If it ends with a vowel, it comes from the bowel.

114
Q

What is important to teach patients taking nonselective NSAIDs?

A

Take with food

115
Q

What is the antidote for acetaminophen?

A

acetylcysteine

116
Q

What is the antidote for potassium?

A

insulin along with glucose

117
Q

What is the antidote for paralytics?

A

anticholinesterase

118
Q

What is the antidote for anticholinesterase?

A

atropine

119
Q

What is the antidote for digoxin?

A

digibind

120
Q

What is the antidote for antipsychotics showing EPS?

A

diphenhydramine

121
Q

What is the antidote for benzodiazepines?

A

flumazenil

122
Q

What is the antidote for beta blockers and calcium channel blockers?

A

glucagon

123
Q

What is the antidote for insulin?

A

glucose

124
Q

What is the antidote for opioids and narcotics?

A

naloxone

125
Q

What is the antidote for anticholinergics?

A

cholinergic drugs

126
Q

What is the antidote for warfarin?

A

vitamin K

127
Q

What is the antidote for heparin?

A

protamine sulfate

128
Q

What type of edema is seen with left sided heart failure?

A

pulmonary edema

129
Q

What type of edema is seen with right sided heart failure?

A

systemic edema

130
Q

What ventricular dysrhythmias would you defibrillate?

A

V-fib and pulseless V-tach. Defib for v-fib.

131
Q

What should be done BEFORE contacting the health care provider?

A

Assess and perform nursing actions. If in distress, do not assess- take action!

132
Q

When should the dengue vaccine be given?

A

11-16 years if in endemic area

133
Q

When should the DTaP vaccine be given?

A

5 doses. 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 18 months, 4-6 years.

134
Q

When should the HiB vaccine be given?

A

3 doses. 2 months, 4 months, 12-15 months.

135
Q

When should the Hep A vaccine be given?

A

2 doses series within 1-2 years of age

136
Q

When should the Hep B vaccine be given?

A

3 doses. Birth, 1-2 months, 6-18 months.

137
Q

When should the HPV vaccine be given?

A

11-12 years, but possible starting at 9 years. Can be given 2-3 doses starting at 19 years depending on vaccination status and condition.

138
Q

When should the MMR vaccine be given?

A

2 doses. 12-15 months, 4-6 years. May receive in early adulthood if born in 1957 or later.

139
Q

When should the meningococcal vaccine be given?

A

2 doses. 11-12 years, 16 years.

140
Q

When should the PCV vaccine be given?

A

4 doses. 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 12-15 months. Can be given at 65+ if indicated.

141
Q

When should the RSV vaccine be given?

A

Given at birth depending on maternal RSV vaccination status, can be given during pregnancy

142
Q

When should the Tdap/Td vaccine be given?

A

11-12 years, one dose every ten years after that

143
Q

When should the varicella vaccine be given?

A

2 doses. 12-15 months, 4-6 years.

144
Q

When should the rotavirus vaccine be given?

A

2 doses. 2 months, 4 months.

145
Q

When should the polio vaccine be given?

A

4 doses. 2 months, 4 months, 6-18 months, 4-6 years.

146
Q

When should the COVID-19 vaccine be given?

A

Any time after 6 months

147
Q

When should the flu vaccine be given?

A

2 doses one month apart at 6 months, then 1 dose yearly.

148
Q

When should the Zoster vaccine be given?

A

2 doses at 50+ years

149
Q

What vaccines are given at birth?

A

Hep B, RSV (if indicated)

150
Q

What vaccines are given at 2 months?

A

DTap, HiB, Hep B, PCV, rotavirus, polio

151
Q

What vaccines are given at 4 months?

A

DTaP, HiB, PCV, rotavirus, polio

152
Q

What vaccines are given at 6 months?

A

DTaP, Hep B, PCV, polio

153
Q

What vaccines are given at 12-15 months?

A

MMR, PCV, varicella, Hep A

154
Q

What vaccines are given at 4-6 years?

A

DTaP, MMR, varicella, polio

155
Q

What vaccines are given at 11-12 years?

A

HPV, meningococcal, Tdap/Td, dengue (if indicated)

156
Q

What vaccines are given at 16 years?

A

meningococcal

157
Q

What vaccines are given in adulthood?

A

Zoster, RSV (if indicated)

158
Q

Which 2 respiratory virus vaccines can be given at any age starting at 6 months?

A

COVID-19 and flu

NCLEX Review (2 decks)

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