NCLEX Review Flashcards
1
Q
What drugs have the ending -pril, and what are they used for?
A
ACE inhibitors ; used for hypertension
2
Q
What drugs have the ending -alol and -ilol, and what are they used for?
A
alpha and beta blockers ; used for hypertension
3
Q
What drugs have the ending -azosin, and what are they used for?
A
alpha blockers ; used for hypertension
4
Q
What drugs have the ending -phetamine, and what are they used for?
A
amphetamines ; ADHD
5
Q
What drugs have the ending -steroids and -xanox, and what are they used for?
A
androgen inhibitors ; used for metastasis prevention
6
Q
What drugs have the ending -sartan, and what are they used for?
A
angiotensin II receptor antagonists ; used for hypertension
7
Q
What drugs have the ending -tadine, -astine, and -iramine, and what are they used for?
A
antihistamine ; used for allergies
8
Q
What drugs have the ending -mine, and what are they used for?
A
anorexiants ; used for obesity
9
Q
What drugs have the ending -azepam, and what are they used for?
A
antianxiety ; used for anxiety
10
Q
What drugs have the ending -arone, and what are they used for?
A
antiarrhythmics ; used for arrhythmias
11
Q
What drugs have the ending -cillin, -cycline, -micin, and -mycin, and what are they used for?
A
antibiotics ; used for bacterial infections
12
Q
What drugs have the ending -xaban and -parin, and what are they used for?
A
anticoagulants ; used for clot prevention
13
Q
What drugs have the ending -racetam, and what are they used for?
A
anticonvulsants ; used for seizure prevention
14
Q
What drugs have the ending -zodone, -triptyline, and -oxetine, and what are they used for?
A
antidepressants ; used for depression
15
Q
What drugs have the ending -formin, -gliptin, and -glitazone, and what are they used for?
A
antidiabetics ; used for hyperglycemia
16
Q
What drugs have the ending -toin, and what are they used for?
A
antiepileptics ; used for seizure prevention
17
Q
What drugs have the ending -ifen(e), and what are they used for?
A
antiestrogens ; used for metastasis prevention
18
Q
What drugs have the ending -azole, and what are they used for?
A
antifungals ; used for fungal infections
19
Q
What drugs have the ending -statin, and what are they used for?
A
antihyperlipidemic ; used for hypercholesterolemia
20
Q
What drugs have the ending -fiban, -fibatide, and -grel, and what are they used for?
A
antiplatelet ; used for clot prevention
21
Q
What drugs have the ending -arotene, and what are they used for?
A
antipsoriatic ; used for psoriasis
22
Q
What drugs have the ending -periodol, -peridone, and -ridone, and what are they used for?
A
antipsychotics ; used for schizophrenia and other mental health disorders
23
Q
What drugs have the ending -troban and -parinux, and what are they used for?
A
antithrombolytics ; used for clot prevention
24
Q
What drugs have the ending -amivir, -ciclovir, -navir, - virsen, -uridine, and -mantadine, and what are they used for?
A
antiviral ; used for viral infections
25
What drugs have the ending -spirone, and what are they used for?
anxiolytics ; used for anxiety
26
What drugs have the ending -artan, and what are they used for?
ARBs ; used for hypertension and heart failure
27
What drugs have the ending -barbitol, and what are they used for?
barbiturates ; used for anxiety, insomnia, seizure prevention
28
What drugs have the ending -zepam, -zolam, and -nil, and what are they used for?
benzodiazepine ; used for anxiety, panic, insomnia, seizure prevention
29
What drugs have the ending -olol, and what are they used for?
beta blockers ; used for hypertension
30
What drugs have the ending -terol, and what are they used for?
bronchodilators ; used for asthma
31
What drugs have the ending -dipine, -tiazem, and -pamil, and what are they used for?
calcium channel blockers ; used for hypertension
32
What drugs have the ending -dronate, and what are they used for?
calcium regulators ; used for thyroid disease
33
What drugs have the ending -lamide, and what are they used for?
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor ; used for glaucoma
34
What drugs have the ending -oxin, and what are they used for?
cardiac glycoside ; used for heart failure and dysrhythmias
35
What drugs have the ending -rinone, and what are they used for?
cardiotonics ; used for heart failure
36
What drugs have the ending -asone, and what are they used for?
corticosteroid ; used for inflammation
37
What drugs have the ending -coxib, and what are they used for?
COX-2 inhibitors ; used for arthritis
38
What drugs have the ending -azoline, and what are they used for?
decongestants ; used for congestion
39
What drugs have the ending -mide and -zide, and what are they used for?
diuretics ; used for expelling excess fluid
40
What drugs have the ending -dopa, and what are they used for?
dopamine receptor agonists ; used for Parkinson's
41
What drugs have the ending -fibrate, and what are they used for?
fibric acid derivatives ; used for hyperlipidemia
42
What drugs have the ending -oxacin, and what are they used for?
fluoroquinolones ; used for bacterial infections
43
What drugs have the ending -relin, and what are they used for?
GnRH analogs ; used for prostate cancer
44
What drugs have the ending -tidine, and what are they used for?
H2-receptor antagonists ; used for duodenal ulcers
45
What drugs have the ending -clone, -pidem, and -plon, and what are they used for?
hypnotics/sedatives ; used for anxiety, insomnia
46
What drugs have the ending -tide, and what are they used for?
incretin mimetics ; used for hyperglycemia
47
What drugs have the ending -ane, -flurane, and what are they used for?
inhaled anesthetics ; used for anesthesia
48
What drugs have the ending -lukast, and what are they used for?
leukotriene receptor antagonists ; used for allergies, asthma, COPD
49
What drugs have the ending -caine, and what are they used for?
local anesthetics ; used for anesthesia
50
What drugs have the ending -etanide, and what are they used for?
loop diuretics ; used for expelling excess fluid
51
What drugs have the ending -giline, and what are they used for?
MAOIs ; used for depression
52
What drugs have the ending -mab, and what are they used for?
monoclonal antibodies ; used for cancer
53
What drugs have the ending -tant, and what are they used for?
neurokinin receptor antagonists ; used for n/v with chemo
54
What drugs have the ending -nicline, and what are they used for?
nicotinic agonists ; used for nicotine withdrawal
55
What drugs have the ending -stigmine and -nium, and what are they used for?
NM blocker antidote ; used for NM blocker overdose
56
What drugs have the ending -fenac, -bufen, and -profen, and what are they used for?
NSAIDs ; used for pain, fever, inflammation
57
What drugs have the ending -afile, and what are they used for?
PDE5 inhibitors ; used for ED
58
What drugs have the ending -azine, and what are they used for?
phenothiazines (antipsychotic) ; used for schizophrenia and other mental health disorders
59
What drugs have the ending -tropin, and what are they used for?
pituitary hormone ; used for pituitary disorders
60
What drugs have the ending -trel, and what are they used for?
progestins ; used for amenorrhea/irregular bleeding, dysmenorrhea w/ endometriosis
61
What drugs have the ending -prost, and what are they used for?
prostaglandin agonists ; used for glaucoma
62
What drugs have the ending -prazole, and what are they used for?
proton pump inhibitor (PPI) ; used for GERD, ulcers
63
What drugs have the ending -kiren, and what are they used for?
renin inhibitors ; used for hypertension
64
What drugs have the ending -fen(e), and what are they used for?
selective estrogen receptor modifiers ; used for breast cancer, osteoporosis, menopause
65
What drugs have the ending -melteon, and what are they used for?
selective melatonin receptor agonist ; used for insomnia
66
What drugs have the ending -setron and -triptan, and what are they used for?
serotonin antagonists ; used for migraines
67
What drugs have the ending -etine, and what are they used for?
SSRIs ; used for depression
68
What drugs have the ending -sone and -olone, and what are they used for?
steroids ; used for Rheumatoid arthritis, IBS, asthma, allergies
69
What drugs have the ending -gatran, and what are they used for?
thrombin inhibitors ; used for DVT
70
What drugs have the ending -ase, and what are they used for?
thrombolytics ; used for dissolving clots
71
What drugs have the ending -onide, and what are they used for?
topical corticosteroids ; used for rash, dermatitis, eitching, eczema, psoriasis, etc.
72
What drugs have the ending -pressin, and what are they used for?
vasoconstrictors (vasopressin derivatives) ; used for retaining fluid (antidiuretic)
73
topical corticosteroids ; used for rash, dermatitis, itching, eczema, psoriasis, etc.
vasodilator ; used for hypertension
74
What drugs have the ending -phylline, and what are they used for?
xanthine derivatives ; used for asthma, COPD
75
What are the 5 rights of delegation?
Task, circumstance, person, communication/instructions, supervision/evaluation
76
What can be delegated to an LPN?
Sterile procedures, oral or injection meds (NO IV), assessments on stable patients, enteral feeds (NO PARENTERAL FEEDS)
77
What are Erikson's stages of development?
Trust vs. Mistrust ; Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt ; Initiative vs. Guilt ; Industry vs. Inferiority ; Identity vs. Role Confusion
78
What is the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?
Birth to 1 year ; establishing trust in the people providing care
79
What is the Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage?
1-3 years ; increased autonomy and independence
80
What is the Initiative vs. Guilt stage?
3-6 years ; initiating new activities and ideas
81
What is the Industry vs. Inferiority stage?
6-12 years ; development of new interests and pride in accomplishments
82
What is the Industry vs. Role Confusion stage?
12-18 years ; thought processes become more complex and sense of self is established
83
What are Piaget's stages of development?
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational
84
What is the Sensorimotor stage?
Birth to 2 years ; infants learn about the world through their senses
85
What is the Preoperational stage?
2-7 years ; thinks by using words and symbols, but logic is not well developed
86
What is the Concrete Operational stage?
7-11 years ; understanding of cause and effect, uses concrete reasoning
87
What is the Formal Operational stage?
11 years to adulthood ; fully mature intellectual thought, uses abstract reasoning
88
What happens in the 4th week of gestation?
Spinal cord is formed and fused, head folds forward, back is bent, prominent bulge appears that will later form the heart, arms and legs are budlike, facial features are barely recognizable
89
What happens in the 8th week of gestation?
Organs have been created, heart is beating rhythmically, arms and legs have developed, facial features are noticeable, genitals begin to form, intestine is rapidly growing, pregnancy can be confirmed via ultrasound
90
What happens in the 12th week of gestation?
Toes and fingers have nail beds, fetal movements begin, reflexes present, tooth buds form, bone ossification starts, genitals are recognizable, urine secretion begins, heartbeat detected by doppler
91
What happens during the 16th week of gestation?
Stethoscope can detect fetal heartbeat, lanugo is forming, pancreas and liver form, urine is present in amniotic fluid, fetus swallows, ultrasound can determine sex
92
What happens during the 20th week of gestation?
Mother can feel movement, hair formation on head, meconium is in intestines, brown fat forms, vernix caseosa forms, antibody transfer begins, sleep and activity of fetus are present
93
What happens during the 24th week of gestation?
Lung surfactant begins to develop, meconium is present at rectum, eyelids can open, pupils react to light, responds to sudden sounds, could survive if born and cared for in NICU
94
What happens during the 28th week of gestation?
Surfactant in the amniotic fluid, alveoli begin to mature, testes descend, retinal blood vessels form
95
What happens during the 32nd week of gestation?
Subcutaneous fat is deposited, fetus responds to sounds outside the mother's body, moro reflex is present, iron stores develop, fingernails grow
96
What happens during the 36th week of gestation?
Deposition of iron, carbs, calcium, and glycogen stores are in the body, additional subcutaneous fat is deposited, creases in soles of feet, lanugo diminishes, may turn to vertex presentation
97
What happens during the 40th week of gestation?
Kicks actively, fetal hemoglobin is converted to adult hemoglobin, vernix caseosa is fully formed, fingernails extend to fingertips, soles of feet have more creases
98
Where would you measure the fundal height at 12-14 weeks of gestation?
Pubic symphysis
99
Where would you measure the fundal height at 16 weeks of gestation?
Between umbilicus and pubic symphysis
100
Where would you measure the fundal height at 20-22 weeks of gestation?
Umbilicus
101
Where would you measure the fundal height at 36 weeks of gestation?
Xiphoid process of sternum
102
What would cause a short fundal height measurement?
Fetal descent, error in estimated conception date, small fetus, oligohydramnios, SGA, IGR (intrauterine growth restriction)
103
What would cause a long fundal height measurement?
Twins, error in estimated conception date, large fetus, gestational diabetes, polyhydramnios, LGA, molar pregnancy, breech presentation
104
What should an infant's weight be at 1 month?
Twice the birth weight
105
What should an infant's weight be at 1 year?
Three times the birth weight
106
What is the social milestone for 2 months of age?
Smiling
107
What is the social milestone for 6 months of age?
Plays peekaboo, develops stranger anxiety
108
What is the social milestone for 12 months of age?
Using a few words in addition to "dada" and "mama"
109
What is the gross motor milestone for 8 months of age?
Sitting
110
What is the gross motor milestone for 9 months of age?
Crawling
111
What is the gross motor milestone for 11-12 months of age?
Walking
112
What is the fine motor milestone for 10 months of age?
Pincer grasp
113
What types of hepatitis have a fecal-oral route?
A and E. If it ends with a vowel, it comes from the bowel.
114
What is important to teach patients taking nonselective NSAIDs?
Take with food
115
What is the antidote for acetaminophen?
acetylcysteine
116
What is the antidote for potassium?
insulin along with glucose
117
What is the antidote for paralytics?
anticholinesterase
118
What is the antidote for anticholinesterase?
atropine
119
What is the antidote for digoxin?
digibind
120
What is the antidote for antipsychotics showing EPS?
diphenhydramine
121
What is the antidote for benzodiazepines?
flumazenil
122
What is the antidote for beta blockers and calcium channel blockers?
glucagon
123
What is the antidote for insulin?
glucose
124
What is the antidote for opioids and narcotics?
naloxone
125
What is the antidote for anticholinergics?
cholinergic drugs
126
What is the antidote for warfarin?
vitamin K
127
What is the antidote for heparin?
protamine sulfate
128
What type of edema is seen with left sided heart failure?
pulmonary edema
129
What type of edema is seen with right sided heart failure?
systemic edema
130
What ventricular dysrhythmias would you defibrillate?
V-fib and pulseless V-tach. Defib for v-fib.
131
What should be done BEFORE contacting the health care provider?
Assess and perform nursing actions. If in distress, do not assess- take action!
132
When should the dengue vaccine be given?
11-16 years if in endemic area
133
When should the DTaP vaccine be given?
5 doses. 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 18 months, 4-6 years.
134
When should the HiB vaccine be given?
3 doses. 2 months, 4 months, 12-15 months.
135
When should the Hep A vaccine be given?
2 doses series within 1-2 years of age
136
When should the Hep B vaccine be given?
3 doses. Birth, 1-2 months, 6-18 months.
137
When should the HPV vaccine be given?
11-12 years, but possible starting at 9 years. Can be given 2-3 doses starting at 19 years depending on vaccination status and condition.
138
When should the MMR vaccine be given?
2 doses. 12-15 months, 4-6 years. May receive in early adulthood if born in 1957 or later.
139
When should the meningococcal vaccine be given?
2 doses. 11-12 years, 16 years.
140
When should the PCV vaccine be given?
4 doses. 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 12-15 months. Can be given at 65+ if indicated.
141
When should the RSV vaccine be given?
Given at birth depending on maternal RSV vaccination status, can be given during pregnancy
142
When should the Tdap/Td vaccine be given?
11-12 years, one dose every ten years after that
143
When should the varicella vaccine be given?
2 doses. 12-15 months, 4-6 years.
144
When should the rotavirus vaccine be given?
2 doses. 2 months, 4 months.
145
When should the polio vaccine be given?
4 doses. 2 months, 4 months, 6-18 months, 4-6 years.
146
When should the COVID-19 vaccine be given?
Any time after 6 months
147
When should the flu vaccine be given?
2 doses one month apart at 6 months, then 1 dose yearly.
148
When should the Zoster vaccine be given?
2 doses at 50+ years
149
What vaccines are given at birth?
Hep B, RSV (if indicated)
150
What vaccines are given at 2 months?
DTap, HiB, Hep B, PCV, rotavirus, polio
151
What vaccines are given at 4 months?
DTaP, HiB, PCV, rotavirus, polio
152
What vaccines are given at 6 months?
DTaP, Hep B, PCV, polio
153
What vaccines are given at 12-15 months?
MMR, PCV, varicella, Hep A
154
What vaccines are given at 4-6 years?
DTaP, MMR, varicella, polio
155
What vaccines are given at 11-12 years?
HPV, meningococcal, Tdap/Td, dengue (if indicated)
156
What vaccines are given at 16 years?
meningococcal
157
What vaccines are given in adulthood?
Zoster, RSV (if indicated)
158
Which 2 respiratory virus vaccines can be given at any age starting at 6 months?
COVID-19 and flu
