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Nursing Meds > NCLEX Prep > Flashcards

NCLEX Prep Flashcards

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1
Q

Fosamax (Alendronate)

A
  • Swallow it w/ 8 oz of water
  • notify health care provider if have any difficulty swallowing
  • Rest for 30 min after taking it
  • cause esophagitis or esophageal ulcers
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2
Q

Lithicin S/E (Lithane)

A

-Nausea, metallic taste in mouth, fine hand tremors 2 hours after dose

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3
Q

Alteplase (TPA)

A
  • potent thrombolytic enzyme
  • bleeding common side effect
  • check PT & PTT
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4
Q

Chlorpromazine HCL (Thorazine)

A
  • Antipsychotic, sedative, antiemetic
  • manages symp. Of schizophrenia
  • avoid direct sunlight. Drug make pt. susceptible to sunburn
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5
Q

Prior to Cardioversion what medication can you not take?

A

-Digoxin

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6
Q

If a patient swallows granular drainage cleaner what do you give them?

A
  • Give water or milk (small amounts)
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7
Q

Levothyroxine (synthroid)

A
  • should be taken in the morning on an empty stomach w/ 8 ounces of water to maximize effects.
  • use for hypothyroid
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8
Q

Glomerulomephritis

A
  • kidney disease in which the part of your kidneys that helps filter waste and fluid from blood is damaged
  • moderate edema and oligura,BUN and creat. are increased
  • HTN oliguria
  • have dietary restrictions which are to limit sodium, fluids
  • azotemia- excess of urea and nitrogenous waste in the blood
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9
Q

Tardive Dyskinesia

A
  • involuntary movements, lower face

- serious side effects from meds that’s been taken for months or years

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10
Q

Kubler-Ross – 5 stages of death

A

-Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance

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11
Q

Droplet Precautions

A
  • contact through conjunctivate or mucus membranes of the nose of mouth of a susceptible person
  • eg: respiratory droplets: coughs, sneezes, talk, suctioning, endotracheal intubation, chest physiotherapy, CPR
  • use standard surgical mark when close contact (3 ft. of less)
  • Group A strep (first 24 hours of antimicrobial therapy), adenovirus, rhinovirus, Neisseria meningitis, pertussis, influenza virus
  • Think of SPIDERMAN! S-Sepsis, S-Scarlet fever, S-Streptococcal Pharyngitis, P-Parvovirus B19, P-Pneumonia, P-Pertussis, I-Influenza, D-Diptheria (pharyngeal), E-Epiglottitis, R-Rubella, M-Mumps, M-Meningitis, M-Mycoplasma or meningeal Pneumonia, An-Adenovirus
  • Private Room or cohort Mask
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12
Q

Airborne precautions

A
  • used when microorganisms dispersed through the air over long distances remain infective over time and distance.
  • use special air handling and ventilation systems
  • wearing respiratory protection N95 or higher level respiratory
  • My-Measles Chicken-Chicken Pox/Varicella Hez- Herpes Zoster/Shingles TB-Tuberculosis
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13
Q

Neutropenic Precautions

A
  • used to prevent infections with client who have neutropenia (low white blood cell counts) or are immunocompromised
  • Bathe daily
  • Health care workers will wear gowns, mask, gloves
  • strict hand washing, clients in private room, visitors are restricted, or fruits
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14
Q

Contact Precautions

A
  • MRS.WEE
  • M-Multidrug resistant organism, R-Respiratory Infection, S-Skin Infections, W-Wound infection, E-Enteric infection-clostridium difficile, E-Eye infection- conjunctivitis
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15
Q

NST

A
  • 32-34 weeks
  • EFM placed on abdomen for 20-30 min
  • mother given a button to press each time she feels the baby moves
  • each time the baby moves, FHR should accelerate 15 beats/min above the baseline for 15 seconds
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16
Q

BPP (Biophysical profile)

A
  • A comprehensive assessment of 5 variables: Fetal breathing, Fetal movements, Fetal tone, Amniotic Fluid volume index, reactive non stress test
  • score of 8-10 points with normal fluid is desired
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17
Q

Contraction Stress Test (CST)

A

-oxytocin challenge test
-evaluates the O2 and CO2 exchange within the fetoplacental units
-INITIATE CONTRACTIONS : IV Pitocin is administered or nipple stimulation procedure
-desired result: NEGATIVE. 3 contractions of moderate intensity in a 10 min. period without evidence of late decels
-positive result: repetitive, persistent late with 50% contractions
-TX: Expeditious delivery: via C-section
Lm

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18
Q

Labor and delivery (intrapartum)

A
  • First stage of labor: latent phase
  • Primapara: last appr. 8 hrs.
  • Multipara: 4 to 5 hours
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19
Q

FHR

A
  • baseline – 120-160 bpm
  • tachycardia - 160
  • During contractions – FHR may increase or decrease by 30 bpm. FHR should return to the baseline immediately after end of contractions
20
Q

Early Deceleration

A
  • due to head compression

- no intervention needed

21
Q

Late deceleration

A
  • sign of possible stressed neonate and possible hypoxia
  • intervention: turn to side immediately
  • O2
  • Discontinue oxytocin in running
  • notify physician
22
Q

Variable deceleration

A
  • irregular pattern of FHR caused by Umbilical cord compression
  • interventions: position woman to side
  • O2
  • call doctor
23
Q

Active Phase of Labor (First stage of labor)

A
  • primipara: 4 hours
  • multipara: 2 hours
  • contractions more regular about 3 to 5 minutes apart lasting 45 seconds
  • Effleurage light stroking movement massage
  • Transitional phase< 10 to 15 minutes in length
24
Q

Second stage of Labor

A
  • complete dilation through birth
  • approx 30 to 50 min for primipara
  • 20 min multipara
25
Q

Third stage of labor

A

-placental separation and expulsion last 5-30 minutes

26
Q

Triage

A
  • Treated First. Life threatening injuries that are readily correctable
  • Treated Last. No injuries, non critical, who are ambulatory, as well as individuals who are dying or are dead
27
Q

Physical Exam Of Newborn

A
  • temp 36.5 to 37.5 C (97.7 to 99.5 F) Auxiliary
  • apical heart rate 110 to 160 bpm
  • bp 50 to 75 mmhg
  • respiratory 30 to 60 respirations per minute
  • weight
  • length, height, chest
  • head to chest
28
Q

Diverticulitis

A
  • should increase intake of fresh fruits and veggies during remission
  • pouches form in the colon gets inflamed and infected
  • very painful. Left lower quadrant pain of abdomen relieved by passage of stool or flatus
  • deficiency in fiber. Treatment laxatives (Metamucil)
  • high fiber diets, avoid seeds – increase fluids
29
Q

Treatment for Mania

A

-Lithium, Carbamazepine, chlorpromazine, Haldol, amitriptylire (Elavil), doxepin (sinequan), imipramine (tropranil)

30
Q

Depression

A
  • prozac, Zoloft, drug of choice. Treatment depression in elderly
  • prozac better for children, takes 5 weeks for full effect
31
Q

Treatment of alcohol dependency

A

-vitamin and nutritional therapy, increase thiamine (BI)

32
Q

Hypercalcemia

A
  • Hyperthyroidism, metastasis of cancer, pagel’s disease of bone, prolonged immobilization
  • Findings: weakness, paralysis, decreased deep tendon reflexes
33
Q

Hypermagnesmia

A

-Causes: chronic renal disease, overuse of magnesium containing antacid

34
Q

Hypomagnesemia

A
  • causes: malnutrition, toxemia in pregnancy, malabsorbtion, alcoholism. Diabetic ketoacidosis
  • findings: mood irritability, cardiac irritability, muscle tingling, twitching, tenany, delinium, convolusion
35
Q

Nurse intervention: Gastric place tubes

A
  • keep bed @ least 30 degrees or semi-fowler’s position to prevent aspiration for 1.5-2 hours after feeding is infused
  • recheck placement of tube after each feeding
  • placement checks
  • obtain xray
  • aspirate gastric contents and check if pH is acidid
  • injecting 10 ml air into NG is no longer accepted method
  • prevent bacterial growth hang bag for less than 8 hours. Change tube every 24 hours
  • rate should be administered @ rate no more than 300 ml/hr
  • check gastric residual
  • flush tube with 30 to 60 ml after of H2O feeing
  • if residual is > thanb 50-100 ml ( hold feedings) until it reinsert residual into tube to prevent metabolic alkalosis
36
Q

Mechanical aides

A
  • crutches – keep tips of crutches 8 to 12 to side of feet
  • adjust length to 3 to 4 finger width from axilla
  • cane – adjust cane with handle @ level of greater trochanter. Elbow fixed @ 30 degree angle
  • teach client to hold cane close to body and fold in hand on stronger side
  • move cane @ same time as the weaker leg
37
Q

Respiratory System

A
  • COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

- chronic irreversible airway obstruction by slowed exhaustion

38
Q

Myasthenia Gravis

A
  • auto immune disorder with fluctuating weakness of skeletal muscle
  • cause antibodies attack acetylcholine receptors in the neuromuscular junction
  • skeletal muscle weakness with pattern of fluctuation
  • improve strength after rest
  • involves facial muscles
  • treatment pyridestigure (mestinon), corticosteroids
39
Q

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, Lou Gehrig’s disease)

A

-progressive degenerative diffuse neurons stops sending messages to the muscle. Muscles srops functioning, muscular weakness, respiratory depression

40
Q

Abruptio Placenta

A
  • premature separation of the placenta from the uterus may present with bleeding, uterine contractions, fetal distress
  • priority intervention: administer supplemental oxygen to increase the supply of oxygen to bith mother and baby which will help minimize complications of hypoxia
41
Q

Opiod Analgesic side effects (Tylenol)

A

-respiratory depression, sedation, constriction

42
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

-is an inherited genetic condition affecting the cells that produce mucus, swer, saliva, digestive juices sticky mucus built up in the lungs

43
Q

COPD

A
  • Chronic Irreversible airway obstruction w/ slowed exhalation
  • Cause: Environmental, smoking tobacco
  • Findings: Cough, dyspnea on exertion, use of accessory muscles, barrel chest
  • Low O2 sat levels w/ high hematocrit
  • Treatment: Albuterol, Ipratropium, Prednisone, Guaifenesin
  • Nurs Intervention: Diaphragmatic breathing and pursed lips, avoid temp and humidity extremes, high altitudes
44
Q

Congentin

A
  • treatment side effect of antipsychotic meds (Parkinson’s disease)
  • glaucoma contraindicated for use of benxotropine. Myasthenia gravis, ulcrative colitis, bleeding problems
45
Q

What should the nurse do 1st when a client’s cardiac monitor indicates v fib?

A

-assess for pressure of pulse! A true v fib no pulse will be present

Nursing Meds (3 decks)

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