NCLEX PN Notes 4 Flashcards
( life threatening inhibited sympathetic response of nervous system to a noxious stimulus- patients with spinal cord injuries at T-7 or above) is usually caused by a full bladder.
autonomic dysreflexia
= myelin sheat destruction, disruption in nerve impulse conduction.
Multiple sclerosis
= decrease in receptor sites for acetylcholine. Since smallest concentration of ACTH receptors are in cranial nerves, expect fatigue and weakness in eye, mastication, pharyngeal muscles.
myasthenia gravis
Tensilon test given if muscle is tense in myasthenia gravis.
= ascending paralysis. Keep eye on respiratory system.
Guillain-Barre syndrome
= RAT: rigidity, akinesia (loss of muscle mvt), tremors. Treat with levodopa.
parkinson’s
mini stroke with no dead brain tissue
TIA (transient ischemic attack)
mini stroke with dead brain tissue.
CVA (cerebrovascular accident)
= cancer of lymph is very curable in early stage.
Hodgkin’s disease
Rule of NINES for burns Head and Neck= 9% Each upper ext= 9% Each lower ext= 18% Front trunk= 18% Back trunk= 18% Genitalia= 1% ?
Birth weight doubles by 6 month and triple by 1 year of age.
if HR is <100 do not give dig to children.
first sign of cystic fibrosis may be meconium ileus at birth. Baby is inconsolable, do not eat, not passing meconium.
heart defects. Remember for cyanotic -3T’s( Tof, Truncys arteriosus, Transposition of the great vessels). Prevent blood from going to heart. If problem does not fix or cannot be corrected surgically, CHF will occur following by death.
with R side cardiac cath=look for valve problems
with L side in adults look for coronary complications.
rheumatic fever can lead to cardiac valves malfunctions.
ICP (intracranial pressure) should be <2. measure head circonference.
= poor muscle control due to birth injuries and/or decrease oxygen to brain tissues.
cerebral palsy
dilantin level (10-20). Can cause gingival hyperplasia
for Meningitis check for Kernig’s/ Brudzinski’s signs.
Wilm’s tumor is usually encapsulated above the kidneys causing flank pain.
hemophilia is x-linked. Mother passes disease to son.
when phenylalanine increases, brain problems occur.
Buck’s traction= knee immobility
Russell traction= femur or lower leg
Dunlap traction= skeletal or skin
Bryant’s traction= children <35 lbs with femur fx.
place apparatus first then place the weight when putting traction
placenta should be in upper part of uterus
eclampsia is seizure.
a patient with a vertical c-section surgery will more likely have another c-section.
perform amniocentesis before 20 weeks gestation to check for cardiac and pulmonary abnormalities.
Rh- mothers receive rhogam to protect next baby.
anterior fontanelle closes by 18 months. Posterior 6 to 8 weeks.
= diffuse edema of the fetal scalp that crosses the suture lines. Swelling reabsorbs within 1 to 3 days.
caput succedaneum
pathological jaundice= occurs before 24hrs and last 7 days.
Physiological jaundice= occurs after 24 hours.
placenta previa = there is no pain, there is bleeding.
Placenta abruption = pain, but no bleeding.
bethamethasone (celestone)
=surfactant. Med for lung expansion.
dystocia
= baby cannot make it down to canal
