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NCLEX > NCLEX PHARMACOLOGY > Flashcards

NCLEX PHARMACOLOGY Flashcards

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1
Q

Name some common loop diuretics (these dump potassium, watch K levels.) (4)

A

furosemide
torsemide
bumetanide

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2
Q

Name POTASSIUM SPARING diuretic (1)

A

spironolactone

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3
Q

Beta blockers suffix

A

__olol

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4
Q

ARB suffix

A

__sartan

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5
Q

ACE suffix

A

__pril

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6
Q

PPI suffix

A

__prazole

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7
Q

What is a PPI?

A

Proton pump inhibitor, decreases stomach acid, most pts are on to prevent GI bleeding and relieve GERD from increased PO med consumption

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8
Q

Aminoglycoside suffix

A

__mycin.. but not THROMYCIN.

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9
Q

What are heavy duty antibiotics? (umbrella term)

A

aminoglycosides

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10
Q

What are the best antibiotics for otitis media, sinusitis, strep?

A

___thromycins.

  • erythromycin
  • azithromycin
  • clarithromycin
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11
Q

Indication for PO aminoglycoside? name the 2

A

sterilize the bowel

  • neomycin
  • kanamycin
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12
Q

Indication for IM/IV aminoglycoside?

A

severe infections

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13
Q

When do you draw trough of a medication?

A

30 mins before

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14
Q

TYPES OF ANTIBIOTICS

A
  • penicillins (___cillin)
  • cephalosporins (cef, ceph___)
  • tetracyclines (__cycline)
  • macrolides (__thromycin)
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15
Q

clopidegrel

A

antiplatelet medication

- for those at risk of heart disease and stroke

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16
Q

What antihypertensives are UNSAFE for pregnancy?

A

ARBs and ACEIs

17
Q

Common side effects of ACEIs (2)

A
  • cough

- orthostatic hypotension (be careful rising from laying down)

18
Q

thiazide diuretic?

A

hydrochlorothiazide

19
Q

gram negative bacteria is ____ to treat. pink/purple?

A

HARDER, pink

20
Q

gram positive bacteria is ____ to treat. pink/purple?

A

EASIER, purple

21
Q

What are the greatest risk factors for respiratory depression when receiving opioids for pain control? (6)

A
  • old age
  • surgery within 24hrs
  • obesity
  • snoring
  • pulmonary disease
  • > 20yr smoking history
22
Q

What is an expected side effect of opioid mediation?

A

nausea and vomiting

23
Q

A client is worried about N/V while taking morphine. What is important for the nurse to share with them?

A

Tolerance develops quickly with morphine (opioids) and persistent nausea is rare.

24
Q

NSAIDs are associated with what side effects?

A

GI toxicity - back tarry stool
Kidney injury
HTN/HF
Bleeding risk

25
Q

If a medication is high GI toxicity risk or irritating to stomach, what should the nurse recommend the patient to do?

A

take the medicine with food

26
Q

What time after administration is an opioids peak effect?

A

15-30mins after administration

27
Q

A patient is receiving IV dilaudid every 3-4 hours for pain relief. What intervention should the nurse implement?

A

Assess sedation level 15-30mins after administration of opioid.

28
Q

What is the 1st sign of aspirin toxicity?

A

tinnitus

29
Q

The effects of narcan/naloxone start to wane at ____ minutes after administered and total duration is approx ___ mins.

A

20-40mins

- duration = 90mins

30
Q

A client on a PCA is still having a lot of pain even though they are pushing the button. What is the next action from the nurse?

A

perform thorough pain assessment

31
Q

Senna PO works within __hrs.

A

12

32
Q

Senna is a _____ laxative.

A

stimulant

33
Q

tylenol is an NSAID?

A

no, idiot.. reduces fever and has a different MOA for pain relief (analgesic + antipyretic)

34
Q

list some NSAIDS (4)

A

naproxen
aspirin
ibuprofen
ketorolac/toradol

35
Q

PT/INR are decreased when on ___ therapy.

A

warfarin/coumadin

36
Q

When on LMWH therapy, it is important to assess ___ for ___.

A

CBC assessment for thrombocytopenia and to monitor for hidden bleeding.

37
Q

When you are on MAOIs for treatment of depression, you are at higher risk of what?

A

hypertensive crisis d/t increase in norepinephrine

38
Q

MAOIs work by___

A

deactivating the enzyme that breaks down NE, serotonin, and dopamine

39
Q

Lithium is metabolized by the ___ and should not be given if the patient has the following:

A

kidneys

  • dehydrated
  • kidney disease

NCLEX (3 decks)

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