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NCLEX > NCLEX 4 > Flashcards

NCLEX 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

frontal lobe?

A

thought process, affective response to situations, primary motor area, reasoning cognition, and concentration, and form of goals

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2
Q

temporal lobe?

A

auditory, wernecke area (language comp), interpret sounds, and complicated memory patterns

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3
Q

parietal lobe?

A

sensory and motor, proprioception, process non verbal expressions, and process taste

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4
Q

occipital lobe?

A

vision, primary visual center (visual association and memories)

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5
Q

deep breaths with periods of apnea

A

biot

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6
Q

varying periods of breaths

A

cheyne-stokes

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7
Q

fast and deep breathing

A

kussmaul resp

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8
Q

antidotes?

A

Tylenol = acetylcysteine
Benzos = flumazenil
Cyanide poison = methylene blue
digitalis = digoxin immune fab
ethylene poison = fomepizole
heparin and enoxaparin = protamine sulfate
iron = deferoxamine
lead = succimer
mag sulfate = Ca+ gluconate
narcotics = naloxone
warfarin = phytonadione (vit. K)

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9
Q

removal of air or fluid from pleural space?

A

thoracentesis

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10
Q

PEDs VS?

A

Preterm: HR = 120-180, RR = 50-70, SBP = 40-60

NB (0-1 mo): HR = 100-160, RR = 35-55, SBP = 50-70

Infant (1mo-1yo): HR = 80-140, RR = 30-40, SBP = 70-100

Toddler (1-3 yo): HR = 80-130, RR = 20-30, SBP = 70-110

Preschool (3-6 yo): HR = 80-110, RR = 20-30, SBP = 80-110

School aged (6-12 yo): HR = 70-100, RR = 18-24, SBP = 80-120

Adolescents (12+ yo): HR = 60-100, RR = 14-22, SBP = 100-120

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11
Q

Suction pressure setting?

A

NB and neonates = 60-80
infants and kids (up to 24 mos) =80-100
kids over 24 mos and teens = 100-120

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12
Q

O2 delivery?

A

nasal cannula: 24-44% FiO2 at 1-6 L/M
simple face mask: 40-60% FiO2 at 5-8 L/M
partial rebreather: 60-75% FiO2 at 6-11 L/M
non-rebreather: 80-95% FiO2 at a L flow high enough to maintain a reservoir bag 2/3 full

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13
Q

Triage?

A

emergent (red): life-threatening (airway obstruction, CVA, or severe hemorrhage)

urgent (yellow): treat w/in 30 M - 2 H (hypoglycemia, disorient, and large wounds)

non-urgent (green): treatment delayed up to 4 H (strains, sprains, simple fractures, or abrasions)

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14
Q

when to log roll a pt?

A

any position change, especially acute spinal cord injury, following any surgery

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15
Q

what does amiodarone treat?

A

V-Fib
A-Fib
V-Tach

monitor TSH levels

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16
Q

typical and atypical clinical feat of a STEMI?

A

typical: substernal chest pain with gradual onset, pain radiates to arm or jaw, chest pain not relieved w/ rest, and diaphoresis and pallor

atypical: N/V, dyspnea, fatigue and epigastric pain (women and ppl w/ DM)

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17
Q

Burns and thickness?

A

deep partial thickness: minimum of 2 weeks to heal

full-thickness: excision and skin graft

superficial partial thickness: 1-2 weeks to heal, minimal scar

superficial burns: heal w/in 1 week

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18
Q

stroke warning signs? “BE FAST”

A

balance (dizzy and HA)
eyes (blurred vision)
face (unilateral facial droop)
arms and legs (weak)
speech
time (seek medical immediately)

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19
Q

drug-disease interactions?

A

Asthma: beta-blockers
Chronic Liver Failure: warfarin
CHF: CCB, NSAIDS, COX-2 inhibitors, steroids
Epilepsy: TCAs, antimalarials, antipsychotics
HTN: NSAIDS
Parkinsons: COX-2 inhibitors
Renal Failure: NSAIDS, COX 2 inhibitors
Resp Failure: neuroleptics

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20
Q

what is the initial med for SVT?

A

adenosine

slows conduction time through AV node and restores normal sinus rhythm

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21
Q

what is atropine used for?

A

bradycardia/asystole, increases HR

22
Q

what is normal MAP?

A

at least 60 mmHg w/ ideal being 70 mmHg

23
Q

pain in different area of body than where the injury or stimulus actually occurred

A

referred pain

24
Q

hypokalemia S/S?

A

lethargy
low/shallow resp
limp muscles
lethal dysrhythmias
leg cramps
lots of U/O

25
Q

IV K+?

A

continuous heart monitor, admin via pump, patent and assess for patency b4 admin, and admin max 10 peripherally and 40 in central line.

NO IV PUSH

26
Q

what do you monitor w/ NGT suctioning?

A

hyponatremia

27
Q

when do the anterior and posterior fontanels close?

A

anterior: between 12-18 months
posterior: around 2-3 months

28
Q

what is the abnormal protrusion of the eyes that occurs in Grave’s disease (hyperthyroidism)?

A

exophthalmos

29
Q

skin and ms structures, sharp, local gnawing, crushing, or throbbing pain

A

somatic pain

30
Q

organs and linings of body cavities, poorly local, diffused, deep cramp/pressure

A

visceral pain

31
Q

squeeze, crushing, often bc of lack of blood flow or O2 to tissues (ex: MI)

A

ischemic pain

32
Q

PNS or CNS abnormal pain, poorly local, shooting, burning, numb, tingling, or shock like pain

A

neuropathic pain

33
Q

SBP in the leg?

A

increased by up to 10-40 mmHg, DBP usually the same

34
Q

pancreatitis s/s?

A

cullens sign
hypoactive BS

35
Q

what electrolyte is abnormal with a subarachnoid hemorrhage?

A

hyponatremia

36
Q

hypocalcemia occurs in what thyroid problem?
hyperkalemia occurs in what adrenal problem?

A

thyroid: cushing’s or hypoparathyroidism
adrenal: addison’s

37
Q

12 cranial nerves?

A

1 - olfactory
2 - optic
3 - oculomotor
4 - trochlear
5 - trigeminal
6 - abduccsis
7 - facial
8 - vestibulocochlear
9 - glossopharyrigeal
10 - vagus
11 - accessory
12 - hypoglossal

38
Q

dopamine therapeutic goal?

A

increase heart output and admin through CVC

39
Q

Pulm embolism S/S?

A

restlessness (hypoxia) = ominous sign
pleuritic chest pain
dyspnea
arises from untreated DVT

40
Q

normal PP findings?

A

U/O = up to 3000 mL/day
diaphoresis
increased WBC (up to 30,000)
hct normal 4-6 weeks
1st stool 2-3 days
10-13 lbs dropped and additional 5-8 lb dropped

41
Q

what does Na+, bicard, chloride, and Ca+ do in the body?

A

Na+: control and manage of circulating blood volume
bicarb: reg of body acid base balance
chloride: reg body acid base and extracellular balance
Ca+: blood clot, teeth/bone form, nerve impulse transmission, and control muscular CTX

42
Q

very small underdeveloped L atrium, ventricle, and aorta

A

HLHS

43
Q

normal duct in fetal circulation that allows O2 blood to shunt from the pulm artery to aorta and bypass pulm circulation

A

PDA

44
Q

pulm artery and aorta switched, 2 separate loops for blood circulation

A

TGA

45
Q

what is important to know about thyroid storm?

A

tachycardia, fever, HTN, and restless
treatment: IV corticosteroids, IV antithyroid, and IV propranolol
care: airway, cool blanket, and heart monitor

46
Q

hypoparathyroidism electrolyte imbalance?

A

hypocalemia

47
Q

schizophrenia S/S?

A

negative: decreased emotional range (flat affect), interest, and initiative

positive: hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, and bizarre behavior

48
Q

what position for removal of CVC?

A

trendelenburg

49
Q

causes of hypokalemia?

A

drugs
inadequate K+ intake
too much H2O
cushing’s
heavy fluid loss

50
Q

blood flow through the heart?

A

superior/inferior vena cava – R atrium – tricuspid valve – R ventricle – pulm valve – pulm artery – lungs – pulm veins – L atrium – mitral valve – L ventricles – aortic valve – aorta – systemic circulation

51
Q

Cushing’s Triad?

A

set of signs that indicate increased ICP or pressure in brain

widened pulse pressure (increase in Systolic pressure and decrease in Diastolic pressure)
bradycardia
irregular resp: cheyne-stokes

52
Q

Rule of 9’s?

A

head = 9%
chest = 9%
upper back = 9%
abd = 9%
lower back = 9 %
R arm = 4.5%
L arm = 4.5%
front R leg = 9 %
front L leg = 9%
back R leg = 9 %
back L leg = 9 %
groin = 1%

NCLEX (4 decks)

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