NCII Possible Questions Flashcards
How do you establish self-esteem of a child?
Always appreciate task at all times.
How do you observe safety in the crib for a child?
Make sure that it is away from the stairs, windows. No pillows inside the crib. No toys, balloons inside.
Where do you bath a baby?
In a big table.
How do you dispose contaminated articles?
Must double bag. Keep all products in original label intact.
How do you avoid pests in the house?
Clean the table, floor daily. Store food properly. Clean garbage containers.
How do you maintain the working condition of washing machine?
Keep the washing machine clean.
What are the steps in cleaning the bathroom?
- Collect all the necessary supplies.
- Take everything out of the bathroom.
- Throw all dirty towels in the washing machine.
- Start with the bathtub. Remove the hair lodged in the drain.
- Clean wall tiles.
- Clean counter tops and mirrors with glass cleaner.
- Clean the toilet then flush
- Wipe the walls with clean cloth
- Sweep the floor with broom
- Mop the area with disinfectant floor cleaner
- Replace the rugs, towels and shower curtains
- Use disinfectant spray around your bathroom.
How will you segregate waste?
Orange - radioactive
Green - wet/biodegradable
Black - dry/non-biodegradable
Yellow - infectious
What are the different cleaning agents?
- Bleach
- Ammonia
- Borax
- Baking soda
What will you do if the child ingested chemical agents?
Identify the substance ingested if it is corrosive or non-corrosive.
What are the safety precautions for toddler inside a crib?
Side rails up. No sharp objects and small objects inside the crib.
What should you avoid doing if the child does not want to eat?
Don’t force to feed them. Never spank. Never bribe.
How would you know if the child is ready for toilet training?
If the child can control urination and bowel control. Age 1 1/2 to 2 1/2.
What would you do if the child has convulsions?
TSB - cold water. Bring to the nearest hospital.
What are the types of sterilization bottles?
Manual - 2/3 water within 10-15mins
Automatic - 20-25mins
Types of formula appropriate for child age.
Lactose free
What are the signs of hypoglycemia?
sweating
dizziness
hunger
sleepiness
anxiety
confusion
Signs of impending heart attack?
Chest pain or angina pectoris. Wet clammy skin, rapid and weak pulse, shortness of breath.
What are the considerations in planning the menu?
texture
color
nutritional value and cost
When do you stop CPR?
S - start to breath
T - turnover of emergency medical services
O - operator is exhausted
P - physician arrives
How would you know the maximum systolic pressure?
Estimated systolic add 30 mmHg
What is the importance of back rub?
Backrub is helpful in promoting blood flow to the back and preventing skin breakdown. Helps the client feel more relieved.
How do you prevent shrinkage of clothes when using a dryer?
Do not over dry the clothes. Turn to the lowest level.
How would you know if the walls are washable?
Test in the hidden portion. Never wash the wood except with polyurethane.
How would you treat clothing with ketchup stains?
Soak the clothing in tap water and rinse with bleach
What is the proper technique of ironing?
Do not let clothes over dry. Don’t iron the collar in polo shirt. In pants pocket first, waist then leg.
How do you segregate laundry?
Sort the laundry according to colors. According to the degree of soiling light or heavy soiled. According to specialty items.
How do you test the fast color clothing?
Test in the hidden area. Dip a part of clothing and observe for bleeding.
How do you protect the baby from crawling to hazardous places?
Put rails on the doors and stairs.
How will you know if the liquid is poisonous?
There is a skull/bone sign
or warning sign/caution in the label
What is the first aid if the patient has drunk poison?
Identify if it is corrosive or non-corrosive.
1. Call Emergency Services
Dial emergency services (911, 112, or the local number in your country**).
Provide details: What poison was ingested, how much, and when.
2. Check the Person’s Condition
If unconscious or having seizures: Lay them on their side to prevent choking.
If not breathing: Begin CPR until help arrives.
3. Identify the Poison
Look for bottles, packaging, or other clues to tell medical responders.
If possible, note the ingredients and time of ingestion.
4. Do NOT Induce Vomiting (Unless Advised by a Professional)
Vomiting can cause more harm (e.g., if the poison is acidic, corrosive, or petroleum-based).
5. Specific First Aid for Different Poisons
Household Chemicals (bleach, cleaners, pesticides):
DO NOT induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth with water.
Give small sips of water or milk (unless unconscious).
Acids & Corrosives (toilet cleaner, battery acid):
DO NOT induce vomiting.
Give small sips of water or milk to dilute the poison.
Petroleum Products (kerosene, gasoline, paint thinner):
DO NOT induce vomiting (risk of inhaling into lungs).
Keep them in a well-ventilated area.
Medications or Unknown Poisons:
DO NOT induce vomiting unless told to.
If the person is conscious, give water.
6. Activated Charcoal (If Recommended by a Doctor)
In some cases, activated charcoal (not regular charcoal) can absorb poison, but only use it if instructed by a medical professional.
7. Monitor Their Condition Until Help Arrives
Keep the person calm and awake.
Observe for symptoms like difficulty breathing, seizures, or unconsciousness
What is the diet for diabetic patient?
low sugar, oral fluid intake
What is the diet for hypertensive patient?
low salt, high fiber
Most important things that you need to protect in the client?
Protect the culture, belief, religion, and ethnicity. Provide privacy.
What is the difference between fast and non-color fast clothing?
Color fast clothing does not fade easily. Non-color fast easily bleeds.
The difference between fast and non-color fast clothing lies in how well the fabric retains its dye when exposed to washing, sweat, or sunlight.
- Fast Color Clothing
✅ Retains its color even after multiple washes.
✅ Does not bleed or fade when exposed to water, detergent, or sunlight.
✅ Often made with high-quality dyes and dye-fixing treatments.
✅ Suitable for mixing with other clothes in the wash. - Non-Color Fast Clothing
❌ Bleeds or fades when washed, especially in hot water.
❌ Colors may transfer to other fabrics (color bleeding).
❌ Can lose vibrancy over time.
❌ Requires special care (e.g., washing separately in cold water or hand washing).
How to Check for Color Fastness?
Rub a damp white cloth on the fabric—if color transfers, it’s non-color fast.
Soak a small section in soapy water—if the water changes color, it may bleed.
What are the two types of ironing?
Dry/electric and steam
What is the best ambulating device?
walker
What would you do if the patient is dehydrated?
Increase oral fluid intake
What is the first aid for burns?
running water
What is the diet for asthmatic patients?
No seafoods and chocolates
What is the best milk for patients with diarrhea?
breast milk for baby
lactose free for adult
What would you do if the patient verbalizes that he/she wants to die?
Explain the essence of life and comfort your patient
Enumerate the 9 pulse sites/location
temporal
carotid
brachial
ulnar
radial
femoral
popliteal
dorsalis pedis
posterior tibial
How would you undress/dress the patient?
When undressing, start from the unaffected side
When dressing, starts from the affected side
What is the appropriate food for patients for patients with low hemoglobin?
liver, organ meats
What are the 3 food groups?
carbohydrates
proteins
vitamins and minerals (go, grow ,glow)
Types of bed and their uses.
Occupied
Unoccupied
surgical
OB bed
Parts of sphygmomanometer
inflatable cuff
rubber tubing
air release valve
bulb
manometer (gauge)
Parts of stethoscope
earpieces
ear tubing
chest piece
diaphragm
bell
Parts of thermometer
bulb and stem
Materials needed for bedmaking and their indications
bottom sheet
draw sheet
rubber sheet
top sheet
hamper (for soiled linens)
pillow cases
How do you dispose of infectious linens?
Must double bag and place it in the hamper
What is abdominal thrust?
Heimlich maneuver
What is the importance of handwashing?
It is important in preventing infection. To reduce the spread of microorganisms.
What are the personal protective equipment?
gloves
mask
shoe cover
lab gown
googles
face shield
What is the most important procedure?
wash hands
What are the 3 kinds of milk formula?
liquid
powder
concentrated
How do you promote self-esteem for adults and child?
Praise them in every activity they complete. Pay attention.
5 signs of aging
white hair
wrinkles
body posture
brittle bones
sexual dysfunction
How do you deal with Alzheimer’s patients?
Recall the past. Always reorient the patient with name, place and time.
What will you do if the food is hot?
Make it cool. Stir.
What are the ideal foods for the elderly?
soft and easy to swallow
What will you do if the patient with blurred vision wants to go the bathroom?
Turn on lights and clear the path
What will you do if the patient has a high blood pressure?
Bring the patient to the nearest hospital
What should you offer for the person who has difficulty going to the bathroom?
suggest to put bed pan or corn mode
Normal pulse rate of an infant?
120-140bpm
Ways or methods in getting the temperature?
oral
rectal
axillary
tympanic
What food should you offer for hypoglycemic clients?
sweet food
Enumerate activities for the elderly?
exercise
range of motion
occupational therapy
Common cause of immobility?
arthritis
joint pain
Ways to prevent floor from becoming slippery
rubber mat and keep it dry
Why is it necessary to change the position of the patient?
to prevent bedsores
If the client has immobility problems, what do you offer?
offer ambulating devices, wheelchair, crutches and walker
How often do you change the position of the client?
2-3 hours
How do you promote blood circulation?
massage
back rub
What would you do if the child wants to play instead of eating?
Explain to the child that there is a time to play.
What play should you offer to the toddler outside the house?
ball games
push and pull toys
What are the appropriate plays inside the house for toddlers?
playing with non-pointed toys
drawing
What will be your intervention for diaper rash?
Do not reuse diapers, always use a clean one, keep the diaper dry always
What are the reasons why the baby cries?
The baby is wet, hungry or has fever.
What is the first sign of infection?
fever
What is the appropriate intervention for toddler tantrums?
ignore but maintain safety
What is the development stage for toilet training?
anal stage
How do you gain trust for infant?
feed the baby
play with them
be friendly
What will you do if the patient is throwing stool?
Get the child, bath him/her and leave him/her on a safe place and then clean the area.
TEMPERATURE OF NEWBORNS
A. Axillary (underarm) temperature (most commonly used for newborns) - place the newborn in a comfortable position, such as lying on their back.
A. Axillary (Underarm) Method (Most commonly used for newborns)
1️⃣ Turn on the digital thermometer.
2️⃣ Place the tip in the newborn’s dry armpit.
3️⃣ Hold the arm snugly against the body.
4️⃣ Wait for the beep (usually 30–60 seconds).
5️⃣ Read and record the temperature.
✅ Normal Axillary Temperature: 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)
B. Rectal temperature (more accurate) - place the baby on their stomach or hold their legs gently up.
B. Rectal Method (Most accurate but requires extra care)
1️⃣ Apply a small amount of petroleum jelly to the thermometer tip.
2️⃣ Gently insert the tip ½ to 1 inch into the rectum (never force it).
3️⃣ Hold it steady until the thermometer beeps.
4️⃣ Remove carefully and read the temperature.
✅ Normal Rectal Temperature: 36.6–38.0°C (97.9–100.4°F)
Note: Record and Report Findings
📋 Write down the temperature reading and report if it’s below 36.5°C (hypothermia) or above 38°C (fever).
💡 Note: If your TESDA NC2 assessment specifically asks about oral temperature, mention that newborns should not have their temperature taken orally due to the risk of injury and inaccurate readings.
How to clean the Thermometer?
Wipe with alcohol or wash under warm water with soap.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Pulse Rate of a Newborn
- Normal Pulse Rate for Newborns
✅ 110–160 beats per minute (bpm)
✅ May be higher when crying or active (up to 180 bpm).
✅ May be lower when sleeping (as low as 90 bpm). - Methods of Taking a Newborn’s Pulse
A. Apical Pulse (Preferred Method) – Using a stethoscope
B. Brachial Pulse – Using fingertips on the upper arm
C. Femoral Pulse – Using fingertips on the inner thigh - Equipment Needed
🔹 Stethoscope (for apical pulse)
🔹 Watch/Timer (with seconds)
🔹 Alcohol wipes (to clean the stethoscope) - Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Apical Pulse (Most Accurate & Recommended for Newborns)
1️⃣ Wash hands thoroughly.
2️⃣ Position the newborn comfortably (lying on the back).
3️⃣ Warm the stethoscope by rubbing the diaphragm between your hands.
4️⃣ Place the stethoscope over the left side of the chest, just below the nipple.
5️⃣ Listen to the heartbeat for one full minute (count each “lub-dub” as one beat).
6️⃣ Record the heart rate in beats per minute (bpm).
7️⃣ Report any abnormal findings (e.g., too fast or too slow heart rate).
✅ Apical Pulse Normal Range: 110–160 bpm
B. Brachial Pulse (Alternative Method – Without a Stethoscope)
1️⃣ Find the pulse on the inner side of the newborn’s upper arm (midway between the shoulder and elbow).
2️⃣ Use two fingers (index and middle) to feel the pulse gently. Do not use your thumb.
3️⃣ Count the beats for one full minute.
4️⃣ Record and report the pulse rate.
✅ Brachial Pulse Normal Range: 110–160 bpm
- Important Notes for the TESDA NC2 Assessment
🚨 DO NOT press too hard when checking the pulse, as a newborn’s blood vessels are delicate.
🚨 ALWAYS count for a full minute since a newborn’s pulse can be irregular.
🚨 If the pulse is below 100 bpm or above 180 bpm, report immediately.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Respiratory Rate of a Newborn
- Normal Respiratory Rate for Newborns
✅ 30–60 breaths per minute
✅ Breathing may be irregular (periodic breathing), but there should be no pauses longer than 10 seconds.
✅ May temporarily increase with crying or movement. - Equipment Needed
Watch or timer (with seconds)
Pen and paper (to record findings)
💡 Note: No stethoscope is required unless checking for abnormal breath sounds. - Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Prepare for the Assessment
1️⃣ Wash hands thoroughly.
2️⃣ Ensure the baby is calm (not crying or moving too much).
3️⃣ Position the newborn on their back in a relaxed position.
B. Observe the Baby’s Breathing
1️⃣ Look at the newborn’s chest or abdomen (babies are belly breathers).
2️⃣ Count the number of breaths for 1 full minute (each rise and fall = 1 breath).
3️⃣ Observe for abnormalities, such as:
❌ Nasal flaring (nostrils widen with each breath)
❌ Grunting sounds
❌ Chest retractions (sinking skin between ribs or below the ribcage)
❌ Bluish skin (cyanosis) around the lips or face
- Record and Report Findings
✅ If the respiratory rate is 30–60 breaths per minute, record it as normal.
🚨 If the breathing is less than 30 or more than 60 per minute, report immediately. - Important Notes for the TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Do NOT count while the baby is crying (it will give an inaccurate reading).
⚠️ Always count for a full minute, as newborns have irregular breathing patterns.
⚠️ If abnormal signs appear, seek medical help immediately.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Blood Pressure of a Newborn
- Normal Blood Pressure Range for Newborns (0–28 days old)
✅ Systolic (Upper number): 60–80 mmHg
✅ Diastolic (Lower number): 40–50 mmHg
🚨 Low BP (Hypotension): Below 60/40 mmHg – May indicate shock or dehydration.
🚨 High BP (Hypertension): Above 90/60 mmHg – May indicate heart or kidney problems.
- Equipment Needed
Neonatal blood pressure cuff (right size for a newborn)
Manual sphygmomanometer (BP apparatus) or electronic BP monitor
Stethoscope (if using a manual BP cuff)
💡 Important: The BP cuff size should cover ⅔ of the newborn’s upper arm or leg for accurate readings. - Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Preparing for the BP Measurement
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Choose the right limb – Usually, the right upper arm is preferred. The leg can also be used if needed.
3️⃣ Ensure the newborn is calm – If the baby is crying or moving, wait until they settle for a more accurate reading.
B. Measuring Blood Pressure (Manual Method)
1️⃣ Wrap the neonatal cuff snugly around the newborn’s upper arm.
2️⃣ Place the stethoscope over the brachial artery (inner elbow).
3️⃣ Inflate the cuff until you no longer hear the pulse (around 80–90 mmHg).
4️⃣ Slowly release air and listen for the first heartbeat sound (systolic BP).
5️⃣ Keep releasing air until the sound disappears (diastolic BP).
6️⃣ Record the BP reading (e.g., 70/45 mmHg).
✅ Normal BP for Newborns: 60–80 / 40–50 mmHg
C. Measuring Blood Pressure (Electronic Monitor Method)
1️⃣ Place the neonatal cuff on the right upper arm.
2️⃣ Turn on the BP monitor and start the reading.
3️⃣ The device will inflate and deflate automatically.
4️⃣ Record the BP reading from the screen.
- Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the BP reading, time, and limb used (e.g., Right Arm: 70/45 mmHg).
🚨 Report immediately if the BP is too high (≥90/60) or too low (≤60/40). - Important Notes for the TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always use a neonatal-sized BP cuff – an adult cuff will give inaccurate results.
⚠️ Do not measure BP when the baby is crying or moving too much.
⚠️ If BP is abnormal, check again in 10 minutes before reporting.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Temperature of a 1-Year-Old Child
- Normal Temperature Range for a 1-Year-Old
✅ Oral (Mouth): 36.4–37.4°C (97.5–99.3°F)
✅ Axillary (Underarm): 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)
✅ Rectal (Most Accurate): 36.6–38.0°C (97.9–100.4°F)
✅ Tympanic (Ear): 36.4–38.0°C (97.5–100.4°F)
🚨 Fever: ≥ 38.0°C (100.4°F)
🚨 Low Temperature (Hypothermia): ≤ 36.0°C (96.8°F)
- Methods of Taking a 1-Year-Old’s Temperature
A. Axillary (Underarm) – Most Common & Safe
B. Tympanic (Ear) – Quick but Needs Proper Positioning
C. Rectal – Most Accurate but Less Comfortable
D. Oral (Mouth) – Not Recommended Until 3–4 Years Old - Equipment Needed
📌 Digital Thermometer (for axillary, rectal, or oral)
📌 Infrared Ear Thermometer (for tympanic)
📌 Lubricant (Petroleum Jelly) (if doing rectal)
📌 Alcohol Wipes (to clean thermometer) - Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Axillary (Underarm) Method – Preferred for a 1-Year-Old
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Turn on the digital thermometer.
3️⃣ Place the thermometer in the child’s dry armpit.
4️⃣ Hold the child’s arm gently against their body to keep the thermometer in place.
5️⃣ Wait for the beep (usually 30–60 seconds).
6️⃣ Remove the thermometer and read the temperature.
7️⃣ Record and report the findings.
✅ Normal Axillary Temperature: 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)
B. Tympanic (Ear) Method – If Available
1️⃣ Use a clean tympanic thermometer.
2️⃣ Gently pull the child’s ear back to straighten the ear canal.
3️⃣ Insert the thermometer tip into the ear canal.
4️⃣ Press the button and wait for the beep.
5️⃣ Remove and read the temperature.
6️⃣ Record and report the findings.
✅ Normal Tympanic Temperature: 36.4–38.0°C (97.5–100.4°F)
C. Rectal Method – Most Accurate but Invasive
1️⃣ Apply a small amount of petroleum jelly to the thermometer tip.
2️⃣ Lay the child on their back and lift their legs gently.
3️⃣ Insert the thermometer tip into the rectum (½ to 1 inch) – do not force it.
4️⃣ Hold in place until it beeps.
5️⃣ Remove carefully and read the temperature.
6️⃣ Record and report the findings.
✅ Normal Rectal Temperature: 36.6–38.0°C (97.9–100.4°F)
- Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the temperature reading, method used, and time taken.
🚨 Report if the child has a fever (≥ 38.0°C) or hypothermia (≤ 36.0°C). - Important Notes for TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always clean the thermometer before and after use with alcohol wipes.
⚠️ Do NOT use oral thermometers for rectal readings and vice versa.
⚠️ Avoid the rectal method if the child has diarrhea or rectal issues.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Pulse Rate of a 1-Year-Old Child
- Normal Pulse Rate for a 1-Year-Old
✅ 80–160 beats per minute (bpm)
✅ Higher when crying or active (up to 180 bpm)
✅ Lower when sleeping (as low as 75 bpm)
🚨 Bradycardia (Too Slow): Below 80 bpm
🚨 Tachycardia (Too Fast): Above 180 bpm
- Pulse Measurement Methods for a 1-Year-Old
A. Apical Pulse (Most Accurate) – Using a Stethoscope
B. Brachial Pulse – Inner Upper Arm
C. Radial Pulse – Wrist (Less Common for Toddlers)
D. Femoral Pulse – Inner Thigh (Used in Emergencies) - Equipment Needed
📌 Stethoscope (for apical pulse)
📌 Watch/Timer (with seconds) - Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Apical Pulse (Preferred & Most Accurate for Toddlers)
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Ensure the child is calm (pulse increases with crying/movement).
3️⃣ Position the child lying down or sitting comfortably.
4️⃣ Place the stethoscope on the left side of the chest, just below the nipple.
5️⃣ Listen to the heartbeat and count for 1 full minute (each “lub-dub” = 1 beat).
6️⃣ Record the pulse rate and observe for irregularities.
✅ Normal Apical Pulse: 80–160 bpm
B. Brachial Pulse (Alternative Method – No Stethoscope Needed)
1️⃣ Find the pulse on the inner side of the upper arm (midway between the shoulder and elbow).
2️⃣ Use two fingers (index and middle) to press gently. Do not use your thumb.
3️⃣ Count the beats for 1 full minute.
4️⃣ Record the pulse rate and report any abnormalities.
✅ Normal Brachial Pulse: 80–160 bpm
C. Radial Pulse (Wrist) – Less Common for 1-Year-Olds
1️⃣ Locate the pulse on the inner wrist, near the base of the thumb.
2️⃣ Use two fingers to press lightly.
3️⃣ Count the beats for 1 full minute.
4️⃣ Record the pulse rate and report any abnormalities.
✅ Normal Radial Pulse: 80–160 bpm
- Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the pulse rate, method used, and time taken.
🚨 Report if the pulse is too high (>180 bpm) or too low (<80 bpm). - Important Notes for TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always count for a full minute (toddler heart rates can be irregular).
⚠️ Do NOT press too hard – a child’s pulse is delicate.
⚠️ Check the child’s activity level (crying or playing can raise the pulse).
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Respiratory Rate of a 1-Year-Old Child
- Normal Respiratory Rate for a 1-Year-Old
✅ 24–40 breaths per minute
✅ May increase with activity or crying
✅ May decrease when sleeping (as low as 20 breaths per minute)
🚨 Tachypnea (Fast Breathing): Above 40 breaths per minute
🚨 Bradypnea (Slow Breathing): Below 20 breaths per minute
- Equipment Needed
📌 Watch or Timer (with seconds)
📌 Pen and Paper (to record findings)
💡 No stethoscope is required unless listening for abnormal breath sounds.
- Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Preparing for the Respiratory Rate Measurement
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Ensure the child is calm (crying or movement can give an inaccurate reading).
3️⃣ Position the child lying down or sitting comfortably.
4️⃣ Observe the child’s chest or abdomen (toddlers are belly breathers).
B. Counting the Respiratory Rate
1️⃣ Look at the child’s chest or belly – Each rise and fall = 1 breath.
2️⃣ Count the number of breaths for 1 full minute (or 30 seconds and multiply by 2).
3️⃣ Record the respiratory rate and note any irregularities.
- Signs of Abnormal Breathing
🚨 Nasal flaring – Nostrils widen with each breath.
🚨 Chest retractions – Skin pulls in between ribs or under the ribcage.
🚨 Wheezing or grunting sounds – Indicates difficulty breathing.
🚨 Cyanosis (bluish lips or skin) – Suggests lack of oxygen. - Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the respiratory rate, time taken, and any observations.
🚨 Report if breathing is too fast (>40/min) or too slow (<20/min). - Important Notes for TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always count for a full minute – toddler breathing can be irregular.
⚠️ Do NOT count while the child is crying – it will affect accuracy.
⚠️ If abnormal breathing is observed, seek medical help immediately.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Blood Pressure of a 1-Year-Old Child
- Normal Blood Pressure Range for a 1-Year-Old
✅ Systolic (Upper number): 80–100 mmHg
✅ Diastolic (Lower number): 50–65 mmHg
🚨 Hypotension (Low BP): Below 80/50 mmHg – May indicate dehydration or shock.
🚨 Hypertension (High BP): Above 110/70 mmHg – Could be a sign of heart or kidney problems.
- Equipment Needed
📌 Pediatric Blood Pressure Cuff (appropriate size)
📌 Manual BP Apparatus (Sphygmomanometer) or Digital BP Monitor
📌 Stethoscope (if using a manual method)
💡 Important: The BP cuff size should cover ⅔ of the child’s upper arm for accuracy.
- Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Preparing the Child for BP Measurement
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Choose the correct limb – Right upper arm is preferred. The leg can be used if needed.
3️⃣ Ensure the child is calm – Crying or movement can cause inaccurate readings.
B. Manual Blood Pressure Measurement (Sphygmomanometer & Stethoscope)
1️⃣ Wrap the pediatric BP cuff snugly around the child’s upper arm.
2️⃣ Place the stethoscope over the brachial artery (inner elbow).
3️⃣ Inflate the cuff until the pulse is no longer heard (around 100 mmHg).
4️⃣ Slowly release air while listening for the first heartbeat sound (systolic BP).
5️⃣ Keep releasing air until the sound disappears (diastolic BP).
6️⃣ Record the BP reading (e.g., 90/60 mmHg).
✅ Normal BP for a 1-year-old: 80–100 / 50–65 mmHg
C. Digital Blood Pressure Measurement (Automatic BP Monitor)
1️⃣ Wrap the pediatric cuff on the right upper arm.
2️⃣ Turn on the BP monitor and start the reading.
3️⃣ The device will inflate and deflate automatically.
4️⃣ Record the BP reading from the screen.
- Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the BP reading, time, and limb used (e.g., “Right Arm: 90/60 mmHg”).
🚨 Report immediately if BP is too high (≥110/70) or too low (≤80/50). - Important Notes for TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always use a pediatric-sized BP cuff – an adult cuff will give inaccurate results.
⚠️ Do not measure BP when the child is crying or moving excessively.
⚠️ If BP is abnormal, recheck in 10 minutes before reporting.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Temperature of a 5 to 8-Year-Old Child
- Normal Temperature Range for a 5-8 Year Old
✅ Oral (Mouth): 36.4–37.4°C (97.5–99.3°F)
✅ Axillary (Underarm): 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)
✅ Rectal (Most Accurate): 36.6–38.0°C (97.9–100.4°F)
✅ Tympanic (Ear): 36.4–38.0°C (97.5–100.4°F)
🚨 Fever: ≥ 38.0°C (100.4°F)
🚨 Hypothermia (Low Temperature): ≤ 36.0°C (96.8°F)
- Methods of Taking a 5-8-Year-Old’s Temperature
✅ Oral (Mouth) – Preferred for this age group
✅ Axillary (Underarm) – If the child cannot hold the thermometer in the mouth
✅ Tympanic (Ear) – If available
✅ Rectal – Only if needed (more common for younger children) - Equipment Needed
📌 Digital Thermometer (for oral, axillary, or rectal)
📌 Infrared Ear Thermometer (for tympanic)
📌 Alcohol Wipes (to clean thermometer) - Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Oral (Mouth) Method – Preferred for 5-8 Years Old
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Ensure the child hasn’t eaten or drunk anything hot/cold for 15 minutes.
3️⃣ Turn on the digital thermometer.
4️⃣ Place the thermometer under the child’s tongue.
5️⃣ Ask the child to close their lips (not bite the thermometer).
6️⃣ Wait for the beep (usually 30–60 seconds).
7️⃣ Remove the thermometer and read the temperature.
8️⃣ Record and report the findings.
✅ Normal Oral Temperature: 36.4–37.4°C (97.5–99.3°F)
B. Axillary (Underarm) Method – Alternative
1️⃣ Turn on the digital thermometer.
2️⃣ Place the thermometer in the child’s dry armpit.
3️⃣ Ask the child to keep their arm pressed against their body.
4️⃣ Wait for the beep (usually 30–60 seconds).
5️⃣ Remove the thermometer and read the temperature.
6️⃣ Record and report the findings.
✅ Normal Axillary Temperature: 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)
C. Tympanic (Ear) Method – If Available
1️⃣ Use a clean tympanic thermometer.
2️⃣ Gently pull the child’s ear back to straighten the ear canal.
3️⃣ Insert the thermometer tip into the ear canal.
4️⃣ Press the button and wait for the beep.
5️⃣ Remove and read the temperature.
6️⃣ Record and report the findings.
✅ Normal Tympanic Temperature: 36.4–38.0°C (97.5–100.4°F)
- Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the temperature reading, method used, and time taken.
🚨 Report if the child has a fever (≥ 38.0°C) or hypothermia (≤ 36.0°C). - Important Notes for TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always clean the thermometer before and after use with alcohol wipes.
⚠️ Ensure the child stays still for an accurate reading.
⚠️ Do NOT use oral thermometers for rectal readings and vice versa.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Pulse of a 5 to 8-Year-Old Child
- Normal Pulse Rate for a 5 to 8-Year-Old
✅ Resting Heart Rate: 75–120 beats per minute (bpm)
✅ Higher when active (can go up to 130 bpm)
✅ Lower when sleeping (can drop to 70 bpm)
🚨 Bradycardia (Too Slow): Below 70 bpm
🚨 Tachycardia (Too Fast): Above 130 bpm
- Pulse Measurement Sites for a 5-8-Year-Old Child
✅ Radial Pulse (Wrist) – Most Common
✅ Carotid Pulse (Neck) – If wrist pulse is hard to find
✅ Brachial Pulse (Inner Arm) – Alternative
✅ Apical Pulse (Chest) – If an irregular pulse is suspected - Equipment Needed
📌 Watch or Timer (with seconds)
💡 No stethoscope is needed unless checking the apical pulse.
- Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Radial Pulse (Wrist) – Preferred Method
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Ensure the child is calm and sitting or lying down.
3️⃣ Place two fingers (index & middle) on the inside of the wrist (thumb-side).
4️⃣ Press gently but firmly to feel the pulse.
5️⃣ Count the beats for 1 full minute (or for 30 seconds and multiply by 2).
6️⃣ Record and report the pulse rate.
✅ Normal Radial Pulse: 75–120 bpm
B. Carotid Pulse (Neck) – Alternative Method
1️⃣ Ask the child to sit or lie down.
2️⃣ Place two fingers on the side of the neck (just beside the windpipe).
3️⃣ Press gently (do not press both sides at the same time).
4️⃣ Count the beats for 1 full minute (or for 30 seconds and multiply by 2).
5️⃣ Record and report the pulse rate.
✅ Normal Carotid Pulse: 75–120 bpm
- Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the pulse rate, method used, and time taken.
🚨 Report if the pulse is too high (>130 bpm) or too low (<70 bpm). - Important Notes for TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always count for a full minute to detect irregular rhythms.
⚠️ Do NOT use your thumb (it has its own pulse).
⚠️ Ensure the child is relaxed before measuring for accuracy.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Respiratory Rate of a 5 to 8-Year-Old Child
- Normal Respiratory Rate for a 5 to 8-Year-Old
✅ Normal Range: 18–30 breaths per minute
✅ May increase with activity or stress
✅ May decrease when sleeping (as low as 15 breaths per minute)
🚨 Tachypnea (Fast Breathing): Above 30 breaths per minute
🚨 Bradypnea (Slow Breathing): Below 15 breaths per minute
- Equipment Needed
📌 Watch or Timer (with seconds)
📌 Pen and Paper (to record findings)
💡 No stethoscope is required unless listening for abnormal breath sounds.
- Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Preparing for the Respiratory Rate Measurement
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Ensure the child is calm (breathing can be faster after movement or crying).
3️⃣ Position the child sitting or lying comfortably.
4️⃣ Observe the child’s chest or abdomen (watch for each rise and fall).
B. Counting the Respiratory Rate
1️⃣ Look at the child’s chest or belly – Each rise and fall = 1 breath.
2️⃣ Count the number of breaths for 1 full minute (or for 30 seconds and multiply by 2).
3️⃣ Record the respiratory rate and note any irregularities.
✅ Normal Respiratory Rate: 18–30 breaths per minute
- Signs of Abnormal Breathing
🚨 Nasal flaring – Nostrils widen with each breath.
🚨 Chest retractions – Skin pulls in between ribs or under the ribcage.
🚨 Wheezing or grunting sounds – Indicates difficulty breathing.
🚨 Cyanosis (bluish lips or skin) – Suggests lack of oxygen. - Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the respiratory rate, time taken, and any observations.
🚨 Report if breathing is too fast (>30/min) or too slow (<15/min). - Important Notes for TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always count for a full minute – children’s breathing can be irregular.
⚠️ Do NOT count while the child is crying or talking – it will affect accuracy.
⚠️ If abnormal breathing is observed, seek medical help immediately.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Blood Pressure of a 5 to 8-Year-Old Child
- Normal Blood Pressure Range for a 5 to 8-Year-Old
✅ Systolic (Upper number): 90–110 mmHg
✅ Diastolic (Lower number): 55–75 mmHg
🚨 Hypotension (Low BP): Below 90/55 mmHg – May indicate dehydration or shock.
🚨 Hypertension (High BP): Above 115/80 mmHg – Could be a sign of heart or kidney problems.
- Equipment Needed
📌 Pediatric Blood Pressure Cuff (Correct size for the child’s arm)
📌 Manual BP Apparatus (Sphygmomanometer) or Digital BP Monitor
📌 Stethoscope (if using a manual method)
💡 Important: The BP cuff should cover ⅔ of the upper arm for accurate readings.
- Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Preparing the Child for BP Measurement
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Ensure the child is calm – BP can rise if they are anxious or active.
3️⃣ Have the child sit comfortably with their arm relaxed on a table at heart level.
4️⃣ Choose the correct limb – Right upper arm is preferred.
B. Manual Blood Pressure Measurement (Sphygmomanometer & Stethoscope)
1️⃣ Wrap the pediatric BP cuff snugly around the child’s upper arm.
2️⃣ Place the stethoscope over the brachial artery (inner elbow).
3️⃣ Inflate the cuff until the pulse is no longer heard (around 110–120 mmHg).
4️⃣ Slowly release air while listening for the first heartbeat sound (systolic BP).
5️⃣ Keep releasing air until the sound disappears (diastolic BP).
6️⃣ Record the BP reading (e.g., 100/60 mmHg).
✅ Normal BP for a 5 to 8-year-old: 90–110 / 55–75 mmHg
C. Digital Blood Pressure Measurement (Automatic BP Monitor)
1️⃣ Wrap the pediatric cuff on the right upper arm.
2️⃣ Turn on the BP monitor and start the reading.
3️⃣ The device will inflate and deflate automatically.
4️⃣ Record the BP reading from the screen.
✅ Normal BP for a 5 to 8-year-old: 90–110 / 55–75 mmHg
- Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the BP reading, method used, and time taken.
🚨 Report immediately if BP is too high (≥115/80) or too low (≤90/55). - Important Notes for TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always use a pediatric-sized BP cuff – an adult cuff will give inaccurate results.
⚠️ Do not measure BP when the child is crying or moving excessively.
⚠️ If BP is abnormal, recheck in 10 minutes before reporting.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Temperature of a 10-Year-Old Child
- Normal Temperature Range for a 10-Year-Old Child
✅ Oral (Mouth): 36.4–37.4°C (97.5–99.3°F)
✅ Axillary (Underarm): 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)
✅ Rectal (Most Accurate): 36.6–38.0°C (97.9–100.4°F)
✅ Tympanic (Ear): 36.4–38.0°C (97.5–100.4°F)
🚨 Fever: ≥ 38.0°C (100.4°F)
🚨 Hypothermia (Low Temperature): ≤ 36.0°C (96.8°F)
- Methods of Taking a 10-Year-Old’s Temperature
✅ Oral (Mouth) – Preferred Method
✅ Axillary (Underarm) – Alternative if child cannot hold the thermometer in the mouth
✅ Tympanic (Ear) – If available
✅ Rectal – Rarely used for older children - Equipment Needed
📌 Digital Thermometer (for oral, axillary, or rectal)
📌 Infrared Ear Thermometer (for tympanic)
📌 Alcohol Wipes (to clean thermometer) - Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Oral (Mouth) Method – Preferred for a 10-Year-Old
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Ensure the child hasn’t eaten or drunk anything hot/cold for 15 minutes.
3️⃣ Turn on the digital thermometer.
4️⃣ Place the thermometer under the child’s tongue.
5️⃣ Ask the child to close their lips (do not bite the thermometer).
6️⃣ Wait for the beep (usually 30–60 seconds).
7️⃣ Remove the thermometer and read the temperature.
8️⃣ Record and report the findings.
✅ Normal Oral Temperature: 36.4–37.4°C (97.5–99.3°F)
B. Axillary (Underarm) Method – Alternative
1️⃣ Turn on the digital thermometer.
2️⃣ Place the thermometer in the child’s dry armpit.
3️⃣ Ask the child to keep their arm pressed against their body.
4️⃣ Wait for the beep (usually 30–60 seconds).
5️⃣ Remove the thermometer and read the temperature.
6️⃣ Record and report the findings.
✅ Normal Axillary Temperature: 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)
C. Tympanic (Ear) Method – If Available
1️⃣ Use a clean tympanic thermometer.
2️⃣ Gently pull the child’s ear back to straighten the ear canal.
3️⃣ Insert the thermometer tip into the ear canal.
4️⃣ Press the button and wait for the beep.
5️⃣ Remove and read the temperature.
6️⃣ Record and report the findings.
✅ Normal Tympanic Temperature: 36.4–38.0°C (97.5–100.4°F)
- Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the temperature reading, method used, and time taken.
🚨 Report if the child has a fever (≥ 38.0°C) or hypothermia (≤ 36.0°C). - Important Notes for TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always clean the thermometer before and after use with alcohol wipes.
⚠️ Ensure the child stays still for an accurate reading.
⚠️ Do NOT use oral thermometers for rectal readings and vice versa.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Pulse Rate of a 10-Year-Old Child
- Normal Pulse Rate for a 10-Year-Old Child
✅ Resting Heart Rate: 70–110 beats per minute (bpm)
✅ Higher when active (can go up to 120–130 bpm)
✅ Lower when sleeping (can drop to 60–70 bpm)
🚨 Bradycardia (Too Slow): Below 60 bpm
🚨 Tachycardia (Too Fast): Above 130 bpm
- Pulse Measurement Sites for a 10-Year-Old Child
✅ Radial Pulse (Wrist) – Most Common
✅ Carotid Pulse (Neck) – Alternative if wrist pulse is weak
✅ Brachial Pulse (Inner Arm) – Less commonly used
✅ Apical Pulse (Chest) – If pulse is irregular (requires a stethoscope) - Equipment Needed
📌 Watch or Timer (with seconds)
💡 No stethoscope is needed unless checking the apical pulse.
- Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Radial Pulse (Wrist) – Preferred Method
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Ensure the child is calm and relaxed (sitting or lying down).
3️⃣ Place two fingers (index & middle) on the inside of the wrist (thumb-side).
4️⃣ Press gently but firmly to feel the pulse.
5️⃣ Count the beats for 1 full minute (or for 30 seconds and multiply by 2).
6️⃣ Record and report the pulse rate.
✅ Normal Radial Pulse: 70–110 bpm
B. Carotid Pulse (Neck) – Alternative Method
1️⃣ Ask the child to sit or lie down.
2️⃣ Place two fingers on the side of the neck (beside the windpipe).
3️⃣ Press gently (do not press both sides at the same time).
4️⃣ Count the beats for 1 full minute (or for 30 seconds and multiply by 2).
5️⃣ Record and report the pulse rate.
✅ Normal Carotid Pulse: 70–110 bpm
- Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the pulse rate, method used, and time taken.
🚨 Report if the pulse is too high (>130 bpm) or too low (<60 bpm). - Important Notes for TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always count for a full minute to detect irregular rhythms.
⚠️ Do NOT use your thumb (it has its own pulse).
⚠️ Ensure the child is relaxed before measuring for accuracy.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Respiratory Rate of a 10-Year-Old Child
- Normal Respiratory Rate for a 10-Year-Old Child
✅ Normal Range: 16–22 breaths per minute
✅ May increase with activity or stress
✅ May decrease when sleeping (as low as 12 breaths per minute)
🚨 Tachypnea (Fast Breathing): Above 25 breaths per minute
🚨 Bradypnea (Slow Breathing): Below 12 breaths per minute
- Equipment Needed
📌 Watch or Timer (with seconds)
📌 Pen and Paper (to record findings)
💡 No stethoscope is required unless listening for abnormal breath sounds.
- Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Preparing for the Respiratory Rate Measurement
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Ensure the child is calm and at rest (breathing can be faster after movement or crying).
3️⃣ Position the child sitting or lying comfortably.
4️⃣ Observe the child’s chest or abdomen (watch for each rise and fall).
B. Counting the Respiratory Rate
1️⃣ Look at the child’s chest or belly – Each rise and fall = 1 breath.
2️⃣ Count the number of breaths for 1 full minute (or for 30 seconds and multiply by 2).
3️⃣ Record the respiratory rate and note any irregularities.
✅ Normal Respiratory Rate: 16–22 breaths per minute
- Signs of Abnormal Breathing
🚨 Nasal flaring – Nostrils widen with each breath.
🚨 Chest retractions – Skin pulls in between ribs or under the ribcage.
🚨 Wheezing or grunting sounds – Indicates difficulty breathing.
🚨 Cyanosis (bluish lips or skin) – Suggests lack of oxygen. - Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the respiratory rate, time taken, and any observations.
🚨 Report if breathing is too fast (>25/min) or too slow (<12/min). - Important Notes for TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always count for a full minute – children’s breathing can be irregular.
⚠️ Do NOT count while the child is talking or moving – it will affect accuracy.
⚠️ If abnormal breathing is observed, seek medical help immediately.
TESDA NC2 Assessment – Measuring the Blood Pressure of a 10-Year-Old Child
- Normal Blood Pressure Range for a 10-Year-Old Child
✅ Systolic (Upper number): 90–120 mmHg
✅ Diastolic (Lower number): 60–80 mmHg
🚨 Hypotension (Low BP): Below 90/60 mmHg – May indicate dehydration or shock.
🚨 Hypertension (High BP): Above 120/80 mmHg – Could be a sign of heart or kidney problems.
- Equipment Needed
📌 Pediatric or Small Adult Blood Pressure Cuff (Correct size for the child’s arm)
📌 Manual BP Apparatus (Sphygmomanometer) or Digital BP Monitor
📌 Stethoscope (if using a manual method)
💡 Important: The BP cuff should cover ⅔ of the upper arm for an accurate reading.
- Step-by-Step Procedure
A. Preparing the Child for BP Measurement
1️⃣ Wash hands before starting.
2️⃣ Ensure the child is calm and seated quietly (BP can rise with stress or movement).
3️⃣ Have the child sit comfortably with their back supported and feet flat on the floor.
4️⃣ Position the child’s arm at heart level (resting on a table or armrest).
5️⃣ Choose the correct limb – Right upper arm is preferred.
B. Manual Blood Pressure Measurement (Sphygmomanometer & Stethoscope)
1️⃣ Wrap the BP cuff snugly around the child’s upper arm (1 inch above the elbow).
2️⃣ Place the stethoscope over the brachial artery (inner elbow crease).
3️⃣ Inflate the cuff until the pulse is no longer heard (around 120–130 mmHg).
4️⃣ Slowly release air while listening for the first heartbeat sound (systolic BP).
5️⃣ Keep releasing air until the sound disappears (diastolic BP).
6️⃣ Record the BP reading (e.g., 110/70 mmHg).
✅ Normal BP for a 10-year-old: 90–120 / 60–80 mmHg
C. Digital Blood Pressure Measurement (Automatic BP Monitor)
1️⃣ Wrap the pediatric or small adult cuff on the right upper arm.
2️⃣ Turn on the BP monitor and start the reading.
3️⃣ The device will inflate and deflate automatically.
4️⃣ Record the BP reading from the screen.
✅ Normal BP for a 10-year-old: 90–120 / 60–80 mmHg
- Recording and Reporting Findings
📋 Write down the BP reading, method used, and time taken.
🚨 Report immediately if BP is too high (≥ 120/80) or too low (≤ 90/60). - Important Notes for TESDA NC2 Assessment
⚠️ Always use a pediatric or small adult-sized BP cuff – an adult cuff will give inaccurate results.
⚠️ Do NOT measure BP when the child is anxious, moving, or has been active (wait at least 5 minutes).
⚠️ If BP is abnormal, recheck in 10 minutes before reporting.
TESDA NC2 ASSESSMENT: Measuring the Temperature of a Teenager
. Prepare for the Procedure
✔ Wear proper PPE (gloves, if necessary).
✔ Gather materials:
Digital or Mercury Thermometer
Alcohol Swabs or Disinfectant
Tissue or Clean Cloth
Recording Sheet or Logbook
✔ Ensure the environment is clean and quiet.
- Explain and Get Consent
Introduce yourself and explain the procedure to the teenager.
Ask if they have eaten, drank, or smoked in the last 15 minutes (for oral temperature).
Get verbal consent before proceeding. - Select the Appropriate Method
You can measure the temperature using three main methods:
A. Oral (Most Common)
Sanitize the thermometer using alcohol.
Ask the teenager to place it under their tongue and close their lips.
Wait for the beep (digital) or 3-5 minutes (mercury).
Remove, read the temperature, and record it.
Clean and disinfect the thermometer.
B. Axillary (Underarm)
Ensure the underarm is dry.
Place the thermometer in the center of the armpit.
Ask the teenager to hold their arm down.
Wait for the beep (digital) or 3-5 minutes (mercury).
Remove, read the temperature, and record it.
C. Tympanic (Ear) – If Infrared Thermometer is Available
Check that the ear is clean and free of wax.
Gently pull the ear back and up for accurate placement.
Insert the probe into the ear canal and press the button.
Read and record the temperature.
4. Interpret the Temperature Reading
Temperature (°C) Condition
36.5°C - 37.5°C Normal
37.6°C - 38.4°C Mild Fever
38.5°C and above High Fever
Below 35.0°C Hypothermia
If the temperature is abnormal, report to the supervisor.
5. Record and Clean Up
✔ Record the reading on the log sheet.
✔ Disinfect the thermometer with 70% alcohol.
✔ Dispose of used materials properly.
✔ Remove gloves (if worn) and wash hands.
TESDA NC2 ASSESSMENT: Measuring the Pulse Rate of a Teenager
- Prepare for the Procedure
✔ Wear proper PPE (gloves if necessary).
✔ Gather materials:
Watch or Timer (with a second hand)
Recording Sheet or Logbook
✔ Ensure the environment is quiet and comfortable.
- Explain the Procedure and Get Consent
Introduce yourself and explain the procedure.
Inform the teenager that you will be measuring their pulse rate (heartbeats per minute).
Ask them to sit or lie down comfortably and to stay still during the procedure.
Get verbal consent before proceeding. - Locate the Pulse
There are two common sites for checking the pulse:
A. Radial Pulse (Wrist) - Most Common
Ask the teenager to relax their arm with the palm facing upward.
Use your index and middle fingers (not the thumb) to gently press on the radial artery (inside of the wrist, just below the thumb).
Apply light pressure—enough to feel the pulse but not restrict it.
B. Carotid Pulse (Neck) - If Wrist Pulse is Weak
Ask the teenager to sit or lie down.
Place your index and middle fingers gently on the side of the neck, just beside the windpipe.
Do not press too hard, as it can affect circulation.
4. Measure the Pulse Rate
Use a timer and count the beats for 60 seconds (or for 30 seconds and multiply by 2).
Observe strength (strong or weak) and rhythm (regular or irregular).
5. Interpret the Pulse Rate
Age Group Normal Pulse Rate (beats per minute - bpm)
Teenager (13-19 years old) 60 - 100 bpm
Below 60 bpm Bradycardia (Slow Heart Rate)
Above 100 bpm Tachycardia (Fast Heart Rate)
If abnormal, repeat the measurement and report to the supervisor if needed.
6. Record and Clean Up
✔ Record the pulse rate in the log sheet.
✔ Thank the teenager for their cooperation.
✔ Wash hands and disinfect equipment if needed.
TESDA NC2 ASSESSMENT: Measuring the Respiratory Rate of a Teenager
- Prepare for the Procedure
✔ Wear proper PPE (gloves if necessary).
✔ Gather materials:
Watch or Timer (with a second hand)
Recording Sheet or Logbook
✔ Ensure the environment is quiet and the teenager is comfortable.
- Explain the Procedure and Get Consent
Introduce yourself and explain the procedure.
Let the teenager know that you will be measuring their breathing rate (respirations per minute).
Ask them to sit or lie down in a relaxed position.
Get verbal consent before proceeding. - Observe the Respiratory Rate
Do not tell the teenager you are counting their breaths, as they may unintentionally change their breathing pattern.
Instead, pretend to check the pulse while subtly observing the rise and fall of their chest or abdomen.
Count one full breath when the chest rises and falls once. - Measure the Respiratory Rate
Use a timer and count the breaths for 60 seconds (or for 30 seconds and multiply by 2).
Observe for breathing depth (normal, shallow, or deep) and rhythm (regular or irregular). - Interpret the Respiratory Rate
Age Group Normal Respiratory Rate (breaths per minute - bpm)
Teenager (13-19 years old) 12 - 20 bpm
Below 12 bpm Bradypnea (Slow Breathing)
Above 20 bpm Tachypnea (Fast Breathing)
If abnormal, repeat the measurement and report to the supervisor if needed. - Record and Clean Up
✔ Record the respiratory rate in the log sheet.
✔ Thank the teenager for their cooperation.
✔ Wash hands and disinfect any used equipment if necessary.
TESDA NC2 ASSESSMENT: Measuring the Blood Pressure of a Teenager
- Prepare for the Procedure
✔ Wear proper PPE (gloves if necessary).
✔ Gather materials:
Sphygmomanometer (manual or digital BP monitor)
Stethoscope (for manual BP reading)
Recording Sheet or Logbook
✔ Ensure the environment is quiet and comfortable.
- Explain the Procedure and Get Consent
Introduce yourself and explain the procedure.
Inform the teenager that you will be measuring their blood pressure.
Ask if they have consumed caffeine, smoked, or exercised in the last 30 minutes, as this may affect results.
Get verbal consent before proceeding. - Position the Teenager Properly
✔ Ensure they are sitting or lying down in a relaxed position.
✔ Their arm should be at heart level, supported on a table or armrest.
✔ Ask them to relax, avoid talking, and not move during the procedure. - Apply the Blood Pressure Cuff
Choose the correct cuff size (not too tight or too loose).
Wrap the cuff around the upper arm, about 2.5 cm (1 inch) above the elbow crease.
The cuff’s artery marker should align with the brachial artery (inside of the elbow). - Measure the Blood Pressure
A. Using a Manual Sphygmomanometer & Stethoscope
Locate the brachial artery by feeling for a pulse inside the elbow.
Place the stethoscope diaphragm over the artery (do not place it under the cuff).
Inflate the cuff to about 30 mmHg above the expected systolic pressure (usually around 120 mmHg).
Slowly deflate the cuff (2-3 mmHg per second) while listening for heartbeats.
Note the first sound (systolic pressure) and the last sound before it disappears (diastolic pressure).
B. Using a Digital Blood Pressure Monitor
Ensure the teenager is relaxed and still.
Press the start button and wait for the reading.
Record the systolic and diastolic pressure as displayed on the screen. - Interpret the Blood Pressure Reading
Blood Pressure Category Systolic (mmHg) Diastolic (mmHg)
Normal BP <120 <80
Elevated BP 120-129 <80
Hypertension Stage 1 130-139 80-89
Hypertension Stage 2 140+ 90+
Hypotension (Low BP) <90 <60
If abnormal, repeat the measurement after 5 minutes and report to the supervisor if needed. - Record and Clean Up
✔ Record the blood pressure reading in the log sheet.
✔ Thank the teenager for their cooperation.
✔ Remove gloves (if worn), disinfect the cuff and stethoscope, and wash hands.
TESDA NC2 ASSESSMENT: Measuring the Temperature of an Adult
- Prepare for the Procedure
✔ Wear proper PPE (gloves if necessary).
✔ Gather materials:
Digital or Mercury Thermometer
Alcohol Swabs or Disinfectant
Tissue or Clean Cloth
Recording Sheet or Logbook
✔ Ensure the environment is clean and quiet.
- Explain the Procedure and Get Consent
Introduce yourself and explain the procedure.
Ask if the adult has eaten, drank, or smoked in the last 15 minutes (for oral temperature).
Get verbal consent before proceeding. - Select the Appropriate Method
You can measure the temperature using three main methods:
A. Oral (Most Common)
Sanitize the thermometer with alcohol.
Ask the adult to place it under their tongue and close their lips.
Wait for the beep (digital) or 3-5 minutes (mercury).
Remove, read the temperature, and record it.
Clean and disinfect the thermometer.
B. Axillary (Underarm) - If Oral is Not Possible
Ensure the underarm is dry.
Place the thermometer in the center of the armpit.
Ask the adult to hold their arm down.
Wait for the beep (digital) or 3-5 minutes (mercury).
Remove, read the temperature, and record it.
C. Tympanic (Ear) – If Infrared Thermometer is Available
Check that the ear is clean and free of wax.
Gently pull the ear back and up for accurate placement.
Insert the probe into the ear canal and press the button.
Read and record the temperature.
4. Interpret the Temperature Reading
Temperature (°C) Condition
36.5°C - 37.5°C Normal
37.6°C - 38.4°C Mild Fever
38.5°C and above High Fever
Below 35.0°C Hypothermia
If abnormal, repeat the measurement and report to the supervisor if needed.
5. Record and Clean Up
✔ Record the reading in the log sheet.
✔ Disinfect the thermometer with 70% alcohol.
✔ Dispose of used materials properly.
✔ Remove gloves (if worn) and wash hands.
TESDA NC2 ASSESSMENT: Measuring the Pulse Rate of an Adult
- Prepare for the Procedure
✔ Wear proper PPE (gloves if necessary).
✔ Gather materials:
Watch or Timer (with a second hand)
Recording Sheet or Logbook
✔ Ensure the environment is quiet and the adult is comfortable.
- Explain the Procedure and Get Consent
Introduce yourself and explain the procedure.
Inform the adult that you will be measuring their pulse rate (heartbeats per minute).
Ask them to sit or lie down comfortably and to stay still during the procedure.
Get verbal consent before proceeding. - Locate the Pulse
There are two common sites for checking the pulse:
A. Radial Pulse (Wrist) - Most Common
Ask the adult to relax their arm with the palm facing upward.
Use your index and middle fingers (not the thumb) to gently press on the radial artery (inside of the wrist, just below the thumb).
Apply light pressure—enough to feel the pulse but not restrict it.
B. Carotid Pulse (Neck) - If Wrist Pulse is Weak
Ask the adult to sit or lie down.
Place your index and middle fingers gently on the side of the neck, just beside the windpipe.
Do not press too hard, as it can affect circulation.
4. Measure the Pulse Rate
Use a timer and count the beats for 60 seconds (or for 30 seconds and multiply by 2).
Observe strength (strong or weak) and rhythm (regular or irregular).
5. Interpret the Pulse Rate
Age Group Normal Pulse Rate (beats per minute - bpm)
Adult (18+ years old) 60 - 100 bpm
Below 60 bpm Bradycardia (Slow Heart Rate)
Above 100 bpm Tachycardia (Fast Heart Rate)
If abnormal, repeat the measurement and report to the supervisor if needed.
6. Record and Clean Up
✔ Record the pulse rate in the log sheet.
✔ Thank the adult for their cooperation.
✔ Wash hands and disinfect equipment if needed.
TESDA NC2 ASSESSMENT: Measuring the Respiratory Rate of an Adult
- Prepare for the Procedure
✔ Wear proper PPE (gloves if necessary).
✔ Gather materials:
Watch or Timer (with a second hand)
Recording Sheet or Logbook
✔ Ensure the environment is quiet and the adult is comfortable.
- Explain the Procedure and Get Consent
Introduce yourself and explain the procedure.
Inform the adult that you will be measuring their breathing rate (respirations per minute).
Ask them to sit or lie down in a relaxed position.
Get verbal consent before proceeding. - Observe the Respiratory Rate
Do not tell the adult you are counting their breaths, as they may unintentionally change their breathing pattern.
Instead, pretend to check the pulse while subtly observing the rise and fall of their chest or abdomen.
Count one full breath when the chest rises and falls once. - Measure the Respiratory Rate
Use a timer and count the breaths for 60 seconds (or for 30 seconds and multiply by 2).
Observe for breathing depth (normal, shallow, or deep) and rhythm (regular or irregular). - Interpret the Respiratory Rate
Age Group Normal Respiratory Rate (breaths per minute - bpm)
Adult (18+ years old) 12 - 20 bpm
Below 12 bpm Bradypnea (Slow Breathing)
Above 20 bpm Tachypnea (Fast Breathing)
If abnormal, repeat the measurement and report to the supervisor if needed. - Record and Clean Up
✔ Record the respiratory rate in the log sheet.
✔ Thank the adult for their cooperation.
✔ Wash hands and disinfect any used equipment if necessary.
TESDA NC2 ASSESSMENT: Measuring the Blood Pressure of an Adult
- Prepare for the Procedure
✔ Wear proper PPE (gloves if necessary).
✔ Gather materials:
Sphygmomanometer (manual or digital BP monitor)
Stethoscope (for manual BP reading)
Recording Sheet or Logbook
✔ Ensure the environment is quiet and comfortable.
- Explain the Procedure and Get Consent
Introduce yourself and explain the procedure.
Inform the adult that you will be measuring their blood pressure.
Ask if they have consumed caffeine, smoked, or exercised in the last 30 minutes, as this may affect results.
Get verbal consent before proceeding. - Position the Adult Properly
✔ Ensure they are sitting or lying down in a relaxed position.
✔ Their arm should be at heart level, supported on a table or armrest.
✔ Ask them to relax, avoid talking, and not move during the procedure. - Apply the Blood Pressure Cuff
Choose the correct cuff size (not too tight or too loose).
Wrap the cuff around the upper arm, about 2.5 cm (1 inch) above the elbow crease.
The cuff’s artery marker should align with the brachial artery (inside of the elbow). - Measure the Blood Pressure
A. Using a Manual Sphygmomanometer & Stethoscope
Locate the brachial artery by feeling for a pulse inside the elbow.
Place the stethoscope diaphragm over the artery (do not place it under the cuff).
Inflate the cuff to about 30 mmHg above the expected systolic pressure (usually around 120 mmHg).
Slowly deflate the cuff (2-3 mmHg per second) while listening for heartbeats.
Note the first sound (systolic pressure) and the last sound before it disappears (diastolic pressure).
B. Using a Digital Blood Pressure Monitor
Ensure the adult is relaxed and still.
Press the start button and wait for the reading.
Record the systolic and diastolic pressure as displayed on the screen. - Interpret the Blood Pressure Reading
Blood Pressure Category Systolic (mmHg) Diastolic (mmHg)
Normal BP <120 <80
Elevated BP 120-129 <80
Hypertension Stage 1 130-139 80-89
Hypertension Stage 2 140+ 90+
Hypotension (Low BP) <90 <60
If abnormal, repeat the measurement after 5 minutes and report to the supervisor if needed. - Record and Clean Up
✔ Record the blood pressure reading in the log sheet.
✔ Thank the adult for their cooperation.
✔ Remove gloves (if worn), disinfect the cuff and stethoscope, and wash hands.
TESDA NC2 ASSESSMENT: Measuring the Temperature of an Older Adult
- Prepare for the Procedure
✔ Wear proper PPE (gloves if necessary).
✔ Gather materials:
Thermometer (digital, infrared, or mercury-based)
Alcohol and cotton balls (for thermometer cleaning, if needed)
Recording Sheet or Logbook
✔ Ensure the environment is quiet and comfortable for the older adult.
- Explain the Procedure and Get Consent
Introduce yourself and explain the procedure.
Inform the older adult that you will be measuring their body temperature.
Ask if they have had hot or cold drinks, smoked, or exercised in the last 15-30 minutes (this can affect results).
Get verbal consent before proceeding. - Select the Temperature Measurement Method
There are several ways to measure temperature. Choose the most appropriate method based on the situation:
A. Oral (Mouth) - Most Common for Adults
Ensure the older adult has not eaten, drunk, or smoked in the last 15-30 minutes.
Place the thermometer tip under the tongue and ask them to close their lips around it.
Wait for the beep (if digital) or read the mercury thermometer after 3 minutes.
Record the temperature.
B. Axillary (Armpit) - If Oral is Not Possible
Dry the armpit with a clean tissue.
Place the thermometer under the armpit, making sure it touches the skin directly.
Ask the older adult to keep their arm pressed against their body.
Wait for the beep (if digital) or read the mercury thermometer after 3-5 minutes.
Record the temperature.
C. Tympanic (Ear) - Common in Clinics
Use an ear (tympanic) thermometer and place the tip gently into the ear canal.
Press the button to get an instant reading.
Record the temperature.
D. Temporal (Forehead) - Fast and Non-Invasive
Use an infrared forehead thermometer and place it about 1-2 cm away from the forehead.
Press the button and wait for the reading.
Record the temperature.
4. Interpret the Temperature Reading
Temperature Range Interpretation
36.5°C - 37.5°C (97.7°F - 99.5°F) Normal Body Temperature
Above 37.5°C (99.5°F) Fever (Pyrexia)
Above 39°C (102.2°F) High Fever
Below 35°C (95°F) Hypothermia (Low Body Temperature)
If abnormal, repeat the measurement after a few minutes and report to the supervisor if needed.
5. Record and Clean Up
✔ Record the temperature reading in the log sheet.
✔ Thank the older adult for their cooperation.
✔ Clean the thermometer with alcohol and cotton before storing it.
✔ Wash hands and remove gloves (if worn).
TESDA NC2 ASSESSMENT: Measuring the Pulse Rate of an Older Adult
- Prepare for the Procedure
✔ Wear proper PPE (gloves if necessary).
✔ Gather materials:
Watch or Timer (with a second hand)
Recording Sheet or Logbook
✔ Ensure the environment is quiet and the older adult is comfortable.
- Explain the Procedure and Get Consent
Introduce yourself and explain the procedure.
Inform the older adult that you will be measuring their pulse rate (heartbeats per minute).
Ask them to sit or lie down in a relaxed position.
Get verbal consent before proceeding. - Locate the Pulse Site
You can measure pulse in different locations, but the most commonly used sites are:
✔ Radial Pulse (Wrist) – Most Common for Adults
✔ Carotid Pulse (Neck) – If Radial Pulse is Weak
To locate the radial pulse:
Ask the older adult to relax their arm with the palm facing up.
Place two fingers (index and middle fingers) lightly on the radial artery (inside of the wrist, near the thumb).
Do not use your thumb (it has its own pulse).
To locate the carotid pulse (if needed):
Place two fingers on the side of the neck, just below the jawline.
Press lightly until you feel the heartbeat.
4. Measure the Pulse Rate
✔ Use a watch or timer with a second hand.
✔ Count the number of beats for:
60 seconds (for accuracy) OR
30 seconds and multiply by 2.
✔ Observe for:
Pulse rate (beats per minute - bpm)
Rhythm (regular or irregular)
Strength (strong, weak, or thready)
5. Interpret the Pulse Rate
Age Group Normal Pulse Rate (beats per minute - bpm)
Older Adult (60+ years old) 60 - 100 bpm
Below 60 bpm Bradycardia (Slow Heart Rate)
Above 100 bpm Tachycardia (Fast Heart Rate)
If abnormal, repeat the measurement and report to the supervisor if needed.
6. Record and Clean Up
✔ Record the pulse rate in the log sheet.
✔ Thank the older adult for their cooperation.
✔ Wash hands and remove gloves (if worn).
TESDA NC2 ASSESSMENT: Measuring the Respiratory Rate of an Older Adult
- Prepare for the Procedure
✔ Wear proper PPE (gloves if necessary).
✔ Gather materials:
Watch or Timer (with a second hand)
Recording Sheet or Logbook
✔ Ensure the environment is quiet and the older adult is comfortable.
- Explain the Procedure and Get Consent
Introduce yourself and explain the procedure.
Inform the older adult that you will be observing their breathing rate (respirations per minute).
Ask them to sit or lie down comfortably and to breathe normally.
Get verbal consent before proceeding. - Observe the Respiratory Rate
Do not tell the older adult you are counting their breaths, as they may unintentionally change their breathing pattern.
Instead, pretend to check the pulse while subtly observing the rise and fall of their chest or abdomen.
Each full breath consists of one rise and fall of the chest. - Measure the Respiratory Rate
✔ Use a timer and count the number of breaths for 60 seconds (or for 30 seconds and multiply by 2).
✔ Observe for:
Breathing depth (normal, shallow, or deep).
Breathing rhythm (regular or irregular).
Any signs of difficulty in breathing (labored, noisy, wheezing, etc.).
5. Interpret the Respiratory Rate
Age Group Normal Respiratory Rate (breaths per minute - bpm)
Older Adult (60+ years old) 12 - 20 bpm
Below 12 bpm Bradypnea (Slow Breathing)
Above 20 bpm Tachypnea (Fast Breathing)
If abnormal, repeat the measurement after a few minutes and report to the supervisor if needed.
6. Record and Clean Up
✔ Record the respiratory rate in the log sheet.
✔ Thank the older adult for their cooperation.
✔ Wash hands and disinfect any used equipment if necessary.
TESDA NC2 ASSESSMENT: Measuring the Blood Pressure of an Older Adult
- Prepare for the Procedure
✔ Wear proper PPE (gloves if necessary).
✔ Gather materials:
Sphygmomanometer (Manual or Digital Blood Pressure Monitor)
Stethoscope (for manual BP measurement)
Recording Sheet or Logbook
✔ Ensure the environment is quiet and the older adult is comfortable.
- Explain the Procedure and Get Consent
Introduce yourself and explain the procedure.
Inform the older adult that you will be checking their blood pressure to assess their heart health.
Ask them to:
✔ Sit or lie down in a comfortable position.
✔ Relax for at least 5 minutes before the measurement.
✔ Avoid talking, crossing their legs, or moving during the reading.
Get verbal consent before proceeding. - Position the Older Adult Properly
✔ Have them sit in a comfortable chair with their back supported.
✔ Ensure their arm is resting at heart level (on a table or armrest).
✔ Ask them to roll up their sleeve (if needed).
✔ Their feet should be flat on the floor, and they should not cross their legs. - Measure the Blood Pressure
A. Using a Manual Sphygmomanometer & Stethoscope
Wrap the cuff around the upper arm, about 2.5 cm (1 inch) above the elbow.
Place the stethoscope diaphragm over the brachial artery (inside of the elbow).
Inflate the cuff to 180-200 mmHg or 30 mmHg above the expected systolic BP.
Slowly release air at a rate of 2-3 mmHg per second while listening through the stethoscope.
Note the first sound (systolic BP) and the last sound (diastolic BP).
Deflate the cuff completely and remove it from the arm.
Record the blood pressure reading.
B. Using a Digital Blood Pressure Monitor
Wrap the cuff around the upper arm, about 2.5 cm (1 inch) above the elbow.
Ensure the arm is relaxed and at heart level.
Press the start button, and let the machine take the reading automatically.
Wait for the device to display the systolic and diastolic pressure.
Record the blood pressure reading. - Interpret the Blood Pressure Reading
Blood Pressure Category Systolic (mmHg) Diastolic (mmHg)
Normal Less than 120 Less than 80
Elevated 120-129 Less than 80
Hypertension Stage 1 130-139 80-89
Hypertension Stage 2 140 or higher 90 or higher
Hypertensive Crisis (Seek medical help) Higher than 180 Higher than 120
If the blood pressure is too high or too low, repeat the measurement after a few minutes and report to the supervisor if necessary. - Record and Clean Up
✔ Record the blood pressure reading in the log sheet.
✔ Thank the older adult for their cooperation.
✔ Clean the BP cuff and stethoscope if used.
✔ Wash hands and remove gloves (if worn).
