NCERT Flashcards
life span
period form birth to natural death
immortal organism
unicellular organisms
there is a cycle of ___ ___ and ___
birth
growth
death
factors responsible for type of reproduction
organism’s habitat
internal physiology
clone
exact copy of parent
most invasive weed
water hyacinth
before the onset of adverse conditions in simple organisms like fungi and algae
shift to sexual reproduction method
mode of reproduction in higher plants
vegetative and sexual reproduction
juvenile phase
its name in plants
stage of growth
vegetative phase
end of ___ phase marks the beginning of ___ phase
juvenile
reproductive
how do you know reproductive phase started in plants
flowers appear
in ___ species it is difficult to clearly define the vegetative reproductive senescent phases
perennial
bamboo flowering
takes 50 to 100 years
neelakuranji flowering
scientific name
last flowered year and loc
once in 12 years
strobilanthus kunthiana
sept-oct 2003, kerala karnataka tamil nadu
cyclic changes during reproduction
oestrus cycle
menstrual cycle in primates
oestrus cycle
cyclical changes in the activities of ovaries and accessory ducts and hormones during reproductive phase
in animals, the ___ phase is followed by __ and ___ changes prior to ___ phase
juvenile phase
physiological and morphological
reproductive phase
seasonal breeders and continuous breeders
seasonal breeders - exhibit oestrus cycle during favorable seasons
continuous breeders - reproductively active throughout the reproductive phase
end of reproductive phase is the parameters of
senescence or old age
___ are responsible for the transition btw the three phases
hormones
pre fertilization events
gametogenesis
gamete transfer
homogametes?
other name?
identical male and female gametes
isogametes
types of heterogametes
male gamete - antherozoid or sperm
female gamete - egg or ovum
unisexual and bisexual?
other names?
unisexual - has either male or female reproductive part
homothallic, dioecious, hermaphrodite
bisexual - bothe male and female reproductive parts are present
heterothallic, monoecious
unisexual male flower
unisexual female flower
staminate
pistillate
monoecious eg
dioecious eg
cucurbits and coconut
papaya, date palm and pea
hermaphrodites eg
unisexual animals eg
earthworm, sponge, tapeworm, leech
cockroach
haploid parent produces gametes by ___ division
mitotic
haploid plant body eg
monera fungi algae bryophytes
in diploid organisms, specialized cells called ___ undergo meiosis to form gametes
meiocytes (gamete mother cell)
eg of organisms in which both male and female gametes are motile
few algae and fungi
fertilization also called
syngamy
syngamy results in the formation of
zygote
parthenogenesis?
eg?
new organism forms without fertilization
rotifers
honeybee
some lizards
turkey
external fertilization
fertilization outside the body in an external medium
algae fishes ambhibians
internal fertilization
eg
fertilization inside the female body
fungi reptiles birds mammals bryophytes pteridophytes gymnosperms angiosperms
fate of zygote with haplontic life cylce
zygote divides by meiosis to form haploid spores that grow into haploid individuals
post fertilization events
zygote formation
enbryogenesis
