NCDs

Question 1

Proportional mortality ratio

Answer 1

The proportion of all deaths currently attributed to a particular disease (eg. To CHD)
Eg: CHD is responsible for 30% of deaths in men

Question 2

Loss of life expectancy

Answer 2

The average gain in life expectancy that would follow a complete elimination of all CV deaths if other mortality rates remain unchanged

Question 3

CHD incidence rates

Answer 3

The sum of fatal and non fatal attack rates

Question 4

Interventions to reduce cardiovascular burden

Answer 4

1) primary prevention
- Population level: tax on junk food, free cycle paths, healthy school meals
- individual level: reduce hypertension and hyper cholesterolemia

2) secondary prevention: for those with established disease
- ABAS
- Smoking cessation
- together 75% reduction in vascular events
- Surgeries

Question 5

Prevention of CHD

Answer 5

1) Population strategy
- prevention in whole populations
- primordial prevention in whole populations
2) high risk strategy
3) secondary prevention