NBSS

Question 1

Cranial Nerve 1:

The Olfactory bulb rests on the thin (…) plate. Many small olfactory nerves run from the nasal epithelieumm through the (…) plate & connect to the bulb. here they synapse onto 2nd order neurons.

Answer 1

cribiform

Question 2

What is the role of the Olfactory tract?

Answer 2

it relays info from the olfactory nerves into the Olfactory cortex.

The cortex is made up of the olfactory tubercules and pirirform cortex.

Question 3

The Amygdala is part of the (…) system that is involved in emotional reactions and the formation of aversive memories.

Answer 3

limbic

Question 4

Projections from the Olfactory cortex go the Amygdala, Entorhinal cortex,, (…) & thymus

Answer 4

Hippocampus

Question 5

Projections from the Olfactory cortex go the Amygdala, (…) ,, Hippocampus & thymus

Answer 5

Entorhinal cortex

Question 6

The optic chiasm is an x shaped cross of nerves that is formed from the crossing of the (…)

The (…) is the 2nd Cranial Nerve and their fibers start in the retina.

Answer 6

(optic nerves)

Question 7

The Olfactory nerve is also known as (…) and conveys sensory information related to smell.

Answer 7

the 1st cranial nerve

Question 8

the optic nerve becomes the optic tract after is passes through the Optic chiasm (cross).

the nerves then synapse onto (…) neurons in the LGN of the thalamus.

These (…) then pass the Optic Radiation to enter the visual cortex.

Answer 8

Second order

Question 9

Where is the Visual cortex found?

Answer 9

The posterior part of the Occipital lobe.

Question 10

Light from the (…) goes into the nasal part of the retina.

Axons in the nasal retina cross over in the optic chiasm to reach the (…) LGN

Answer 10

lateral visual field

contralateral

Question 11

Light from the (…) visual field goes into the temporal part of the retina.

Axons here terminate in the (…) IGN

Answer 11

contralateral visual field

Ipsilateral IGN

Question 12

The 8th Cranial nerve is also known as the (…). it is involved in hearing and retaining balance.

It emerges from the (…) between the joining of the pons and medulla.

Answer 12

(vestibulocohlear nerve)

CPA - Cerebellopontine angle

Question 13

Fibres of the vestibulocochlear nerve terminate in the (…) & (…) nuclei. these can be found on the floor of the 4th ventricle.

Answer 13

Vestibular & Cochlear

Question 14

Where is the Olfactory cortex found?

Answer 14

In the temporal lobe.

The cortex is made up of the olfactory tubercules and pirirform cortex.

Question 15

the 8th cranial nerve connects (…) of the inner ear with the Vestibular and Cochlear nuclei.

Answer 15

hair cells

Question 16

the optic tract is made up of fibres between the (…) and the LGN

Answer 16

optic chiasm

Question 17

3rd cranial nerve:

The (…) leaves the brain stem between the crus cerebri.

it arises from the Edinger-Westphal Nucleus and the Oculomotor nucleus.

Answer 17

oculomotor nerve

Question 18

6th Cranial nerve:

The (…) nerve is found between the pons and the medulla oblongata.

Answer 18

abducens nerve

Question 19

4th cranial nerve:

The (…) is the only cranial nerve that exits the brainstem dorsally, it is found just beneath the inferior coliculi of the midbrain.

It arise from the (…) nucleus at the level of the inferior coliculi.

Answer 19

trochlear nerve

Question 20

3rd cranial nerve:

The Oculomotor leaves the brain stem between the crus cerebri.

it arises from the (…) Nucleus and the (…) nucleus. These are found at level of the superior coliculi,

Answer 20

Edinger-Westphal

Oculomotor

Question 21

Transverse section of Midbrain at the level of the SUPERIOR COLICULI:

The cerebral aqueduct is a narrow cannal that connects the 3rd and 4th ventricle.

it sits just beneath (ventral) the superior coliculi. The (…) & (…) nucleus of the Oculomotor nerve are found ventrally to the Cerebral aqueduct. The axons from these nucleus leave dorsally.

Answer 21

Edinger-Westphal

Oculomotor

Question 22

Transverse section of Midbrain at the level of the INFERIOR COLICULI:

The trochlear nucleus can be found ventral to the Central Aqueduct. The axons from this nucleus project (…). They wrap around the C.A and leave the brain.

Answer 22

Dorsally and Contralateral

Question 23

Transverse section through the Pons:

The (…) nucleus can be seen in the ventral floor of the IVth ventricle.
Fibres from this project ventrally to exit the brainstem between the pons and the medulla.

Answer 23

Abducens

Question 24

Cranial nerves 3,4 & 6 enter the orbit of the eye via a jagged slit known as the superior orbital fissure.

They can then innervate the (…)

Answer 24

muscles to move the eye.

Question 25

Cranial nerves 3,4 & 6 enter the orbit of the eye via the (…).

They can then innervate the muscles to move the eye.

Answer 25

superior orbital fissure

Question 26

The (…) nerve innervates most of the eye muscles, including the Levator palpebrae. This is responsible for lifting the eyelid.

Answer 26

oculomotor

Question 27

The oculomotor nerve innervates most of the eye muscles, including the Levator palpebrae. This is responsible for (…) .

Answer 27

lifting the eyelid

Question 28

Both the trochlear and Abducens nerve innervate (…) each.
The trochlea innervates the (…) & the Abducens innervates the (…).

Answer 28

1 muscle each.

Superior oblique muscle

Lateral rectus muscle

Question 29

Both the trochlear and Abducens nerve innervate 1 muscle each.
The (…) innervates the Superior oblique muscle & the (…) innervates the Lateral rectus muscle.

Answer 29

Trochlea

Abducens

Question 30

The trochlea and abducens nerves are pure (…) nerves.

However the oculomotor never contains (…) . These regulate the accomadation reflexes of the eye.

Answer 30

motor

parasympathetic fibers

Question 31

Oculomotor nerve:

The parasympathetic fibres of the OM nerve originate in (…) nucleus.

Answer 31

Edinger-Westphal

Question 32

If light is shined into the eye this will send signals down the optic nerve, through the Pretectal area and into the Edinger-Westphal nucleus.

Fibers from this nucleus project to the (…) which will then innervate the Sphincter pupilae muscle to constrict the nucleus.

Answer 32

Ciliary Ganglion

Question 33

Each pretectal area will project fibers into both Edinger-Westphal nuclei. So when light is shone into one eye it will cause (…)

Answer 33

both eyes to constrict.

Question 34

(…) palsy causes paralysis of the superior oblique muscle. This causes Medial missalignment of the affected eye.

(…) palsy causes paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle, resulting in an inward squint of the affected eye as the medius rectus muscle is unpressed.

Answer 34

Trochlea Nerve

Abducens Nerve

Question 35

Trochlea Nerve palsy causes paralysis of the superior oblique muscle. This causes (…) missalignment of the affected eye.

Abducens Nerve palsy causes paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle, resulting in an (…) of the affected eye as the medius rectus muscle is unopposed.

Answer 35

Medial

inward squint

Question 36

Paralysis of the (…) nerve has widespread effects.

It will cause diplopia (double vision), Ptosis (drooping eyelid) & pupillary abnormalities.

Answer 36

Paralysis of the oculomotor nerve has widespread effects.

It will cause diplopia (double vision), Ptosis (drooping eyelid) & pupillary abnormalities.

Question 37

Paralysis of the oculomotor nerve has widespread effects.

It will cause diplopia (…) , Ptosis (…)& pupillary abnormalities.

Answer 37

(double vision)

drooping eyelid

Question 38

Paralysis of Cranial nerves 3,4&6 are normally (individual or together)

Answer 38

together

Question 39

The trigeminal nerve is usually the biggest that attaches to the (…), its roots are found at the lateral pons.

Answer 39

brainstem

Question 40

The trigeminal nerve is a (…) nerve.
It has both sensory and Motor fibers.

The sensory nucleus stretches from the midbrain to the medulla, it supplies most of the sensory info to the face.

The motor nucleus lies in the pons, in the floor of the 4th ventricle. motor fibres innervate the muscles required for chewing (mastication)

Answer 40

mixed

Question 41

The trigeminal nerve is a mixed nerve.
It has both sensory and Motor fibers.

The sensory nucleus stretches from the (…) , it supplies most of the sensory info to the face.

The motor nucleus lies in the (..) , in the (…). motor fibres innervate the muscles required for chewing (mastication)

Answer 41

midbrain to the medulla

pons
floor of the 4th ventricle

Question 42

Cranial nerve 5:

Divisions of the Sensory Nucleus -

1) (…)
2) Chief/main nucleus
3) Spinal nucleus

Answer 42

Mesencephalic nucleus

Question 43

Cranial nerve 5:

Divisions of the Sensory Nucleus -

1) Mesencephalic nucleus
2) Chief/main nucleus
3) (…)

Answer 43

Spinal Nucleus

Question 44

Cranial nerve 5:

The Trigeminal/Semilunar ganglion contains the cell bodies that supply most of the Trigeminal nerve’s sensory afferents.

This is found (…) the CNS

Answer 44

outside

Question 45

The trigeminal nerve splits into 3 branches inside the (…)

Answer 45

Trigeminal nucleus

Question 46

Branches of the Cranial Nerve V:

ophthalmic nerve (V1) - provides (…) to anterior skull, forehead, upper eye & nose

Maxillary Nerve - carries information from the upper lip, teeth & Gums, cheek and roof of pharynx.

Mandibular Nerve - carries sensation from the lower lip, lower jaw & parts of the external ear

Answer 46

sensory innervation

Question 47

Branches of the Cranial Nerve V:

ophthalmic nerve (V1) - provides sensory innervation to anterior skull, forehead, upper eye & nose

(…) - carries information from the upper lip, teeth & Gums, cheek and roof of pharynx.

Mandibular Nerve - carries sensation from the lower lip, lower jaw & parts of the external ear

Answer 47

Maxillary Nerve

Question 48

Branches of the Cranial Nerve V:

ophthalmic nerve (V1) - provides sensory innervation to anterior skull, forehead, upper eye & nose

Maxillary nerve - carries information from the upper lip, teeth & Gums, cheek and roof of pharynx.

(…) - carries sensation from the lower lip, lower jaw & parts of the external ear

Answer 48

Mandibular Nerve

Question 49

Cranial nerve 5:

ABeta fibers carry touch and sensation info from the three trigeminal branches and synapse onto 2nd order neurons in the main nucleus of the Trigeminal nerve.

The 2nd order neurons send (…) fibers to the thalamus which relays info to the cortex.

Answer 49

ascending

Question 50

Cranial nerve 5:

(…) carry touch and sensation info from the three trigeminal branches and synapse onto 2nd order neurons in the main nucleus of the Trigeminal nerve.

The 2nd order neurons send ascending fibers to the thalamus which relays info to the cortex.

These then join the 2nd order fibers of the gracial and cunueate tracts in the medial lemniscus,

Answer 50

ABeta fibers

Question 51

Cranial nerve 5:

ABeta carry touch and sensation info from the three trigeminal branches and synapse onto 2nd order neurons in the main nucleus of the Trigeminal nerve.

The 2nd order neurons send ascending fibers to the thalamus which relays info to the cortex.

These then join the 2nd order fibers of the gracial and cunueate tracts in the (…)

Answer 51

medial lemniscus,

Question 52

Cranial Nerve 5:

Thin Adelta & C fibers pass through the semilunar ganglion and enter the brainstem. they then synapse with 2nd order neurons on the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve.

The second order neurons in this nucleus project ascending fibres to the thalamus, these run alongside the spinothalamic tract

The Adelta and C fibres carry info about (…)

Answer 52

pain and temperature

Question 53

Cranial Nerve 5:

(…) pass through the semilunar ganglion and enter the brainstem. they then synapse onto the spinal nucleus of the Trigeminal nerve.

The second order neurons in this nucleus project ascending fibers to the thalamus, these run alongside the spinothalamic tract.

The (…) carry info about pain and temperature.

Answer 53

Adelta and C fibres

Question 54

The Mesencephalic Nucleus of the Trigeminal nerve mediates proprioception using large A-alpha fibers .

These Propioceptive neurons are the sensory neurons that are located (…) the CNS

Answer 54

Inside

Question 55

The Mesencephalic Nucleus of the Trigeminal nerve mediates proprioception using (…) fibers .

These Propioceptive neurons are the sensory neurons that are located inside the CNS and not in a ganglion.

Some propioceptive neurons form direct contact with the motor nucleus of the Trigeminal nerve.
this forms a motor reflex.

Others ascend into to the thalamus to mediate conscious propioception.

Answer 55

Large A-alpha

Question 56

The Mesencephalic Nucleus of the Trigeminal nerve mediates proprioception using Large A-alpha fibers .

These Propioceptive neurons are the sensory neurons that are located inside the CNS and not in a ganglion.

Some propioceptive neurons form direct contact with the (…) nucleus of the Trigeminal nerve.
this forms a (…).

Others ascend into to the thalamus to mediate conscious propioception.

Answer 56

motor

motor reflex

Question 57

The Mesencephalic Nucleus of the Trigeminal nerve mediates proprioception using (…) fibers .

These Propioceptive neurons are the sensory neurons that are located inside the CNS and not in a ganglion.

Some propioceptive neurons form direct contact with the motor nucleus of the Trigeminal nerve.
this forms a motor reflex.

Others ascend into to the thalamus to mediate (…).

Answer 57

conscious propioception

Question 58

The three branches of the Trigeminal nerve exit the neurocranium via three different points.

Olphalmic branch exits via the Superior Orbital fissure.

The Maxillary branch exits through the foramen rotundum.

The Mandibular branch exits via the foramen ovale.

Answer 58

Superior Orbital fissure

Question 59

The three branches of the Trigeminal nerve exit the neurocranium via three different points.

Olphalmic branch exits via the Superior Orbital fissure.

The Maxillary branch exits through the (…)
The Mandibular branch exits via the foramen ovale.

Answer 59

Foramen Rotundum

Question 60

The three branches of the Trigeminal nerve exit the neurocranium via three different points.

Olphalmic branch exits via the Superior Orbital fissure.

The Maxillary branch exits through the foramen rotundum.

The Mandibular branch exits via the (…).

Answer 60

Foramen ovale

Question 61

The (…) Cranial nerve controls the muscles for facial expression and is also called the (…) nerve.

Answer 61

7th & Facial

Question 62

The facial nerve exits the brainstem next to the vestibulocochlear nerve at the (…)

Answer 62

CPA

Question 63

The facial nerve exits the brainstem next to the (…) nerve at the CPA. it is found more medially and anteriorly.

Answer 63

vestibulocochlea

Question 64

the facial nerve involves 3 nuclei in the brainstem.

The Facial motor nucleus - lies roughly at the same level at the abducens nucleus

The superior Salivatory nucleus (found in the floor of the 4th ventricle)

(…) found in the medulla oblongata.

Answer 64

Nucleus Solitarius

Question 65

the facial nerve involves 3 nuclei in the brainstem.

The Facial motor nucleus - lies roughly at the same level at the abducens nucleus

(…) (found in the floor of the 4th ventricle)

Nucleus Solitarius - found in the medulla oblongata.

Answer 65

Nucleus Solitarius

Question 66

The facial nerve leaves the fascial motor nucleus and wraps around the abducens nucleus before exiting the brainstem.
These nerve fibers form a bulge at the base of the 4th ventricle known as the (…)

Answer 66

Facial colliculi

Question 67

The facial nerve leaves the fascial motor nucleus and wraps around the (..) before exiting the brainstem.
These nerve fibers form a bulge at the base of the 4th ventricle known as the Facial colliculi

Answer 67

abducens nucleus

Question 68

The fascial nerve is a mixed nerved that consists of motor, sensory and (…).

Answer 68

parasympathetic fibers

Question 69

Facial nerve:

Some motor fibres from the facial motor nucleus innervate the stapedius, this helps innner ear adapt to the aptitude of soundwaves.

most motor fibers leave via the (…) to innervate the muscles of facial expression

Answer 69

stylomastoid foramen

Question 70

Facial nerve:

Some motor fibres from the facial motor nucleus innervate the stapedius, this helps innner ear (…)
most motor fibers leave via the stylomastoid foramen to innervate the muscles of facial expression

Answer 70

adapt to the aptitude of soundwaves.

Question 71

The cell bodies of the Facial sensory neurons are found (…) the CNS in a (…)

This is also named the geniculate (…)

Answer 71

outside

ganglion

ganglion

Question 72

Facial nerve:

(…) of the facial nerve covey taste information from the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue, the floor of mouth and palate and touch info from the ear to the nucleus solitarius.

Answer 72

sensory fibers

Question 73

Facial nerve:

sensory fibers of the facial nerve covey taste information from the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue, the floor of mouth and palate and touch info from the ear to the (…)

Answer 73

nucleus solitarius.

Question 74

Facial nerve:

parasympathetic fibers from the superior salivatory nucleus synapse onto 2nd order neurons in the Submandibular ganglion & the Pterygopalatine ganglion.

submandibular -> submandibular & sublingual glands

Pterygopalatine –> Lacrimal gland

all these glands regulate the producion of (…)

Answer 74

tear liquid and saliva

Question 75

Facial nerve:

parasympathetic fibers from the superior salivatory nucleus synapse onto 2nd order neurons in the (…) ganglion & the Pterygopalatine ganglion.

(…) -> (…) & sublingual glands

Pterygopalatine –> Lacrimal gland

all these glands regulate the producion of tear liquid and saliva

Answer 75

Submandibular

Question 76

Facial nerve:

parasympathetic fibers from the superior salivatory nucleus synapse onto 2nd order neurons in the Submandibular ganglion & the (…) ganglion.

submandibular -> submandibular & sublingual glands

(…) –> Lacrimal gland

all these glands regulate the producion of tear liquid & saliva.

Answer 76

Pterygopalatine

Question 77

the facial nerve exits the neurocranium via the (…) which it shares with the vestibocochlear nerve.

Answer 77

internal auditory meatus

Question 78

Cranial Nerves 9-12 share a number of (…) & (…)

Answer 78

Nuclei & functions

Question 79

9th and 10th cranial nerve are also known as the (…) & (…)

Their roots are found at the medulla, lateral to the olives

Answer 79

Glossopharyngeal & Vagus nerves

Question 80

9th and 10th cranial nerve are also known as the Glossopharyngeal & Vagus nerves.

Their roots are found at the (…), lateral to the olives

Answer 80

medulla

Question 81

The glossopharyngeal nerve is a mixed nerve.

the (…) originate from the nucleus ambiguus. These fibres innervate the stylopharyngeus muscle which elevates the larynx and pharynx enabling swallowing.

Answer 81

motor fibres

Question 82

9th cranial nerve:

the (…) fibres come from the inferior salivatory nucleus & regulate the parotid gland, controlling saliva production.

Answer 82

parasympathetic

Question 83

pain, temp & sensation from the inner ear, upper pharynx and posterior tongue is relayed to the (…) of the trigeminal nerve.

the cell bodies of these sensory neurons are found in the glossopharyngeal ganglion.

Answer 83

spinal nucleus

Question 84

(…) is from the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue is relayed to the upper part of the Nucleus Solitarius

Answer 84

taste sensation

Question 85

Nucleus ambiguus is the origin of the 10th cranial nerve, the (…) nerve.

this innervates the larynx, pharynx and upper esophagus muscles.

Answer 85

Vagus

Question 86

The vagus also contains some sensory fibres.

sensation from the pahrynx, layrnx, oesophagus and ear is mediated by the Spinal nucleus of the (…)

Answer 86

Trigeminal nerve

Question 87

The Nucleus solitarius mediates sensory information from (…) from the viscera.

Answer 87

Chemo&Mechanoreceptors

Question 88

Cranial Nerve 10:

The main (…) output of the vagus nerve originates in the dorsal motor nucleus.

This provides broad (…) innervation of visceral organs.

Answer 88

parasympathetic

Question 89

the 11th cranial nerve is also known as the (…). Can be found attached to the medulla.

Answer 89

accessory nerve

Question 90

Cranial Nerve XI:

This is purely a (…) nerve which has 2 different roots.

The spinal root comes from spinal motor column @ C1-C6. it enters the Neurocranium via the Foramen Magnum to join the cranial root.

The cranial root originates from the nucleus ambiguus in the medulla. These fibers split from the spinous fibers and join the vagus at the level of the jugular foramen to innervate larynx and pharynx muscles.

Answer 90

motor

Question 91

Cranial nerve 11:

The two roots of this nerve are known as the (…) & (…)

Answer 91

Spinal root & Cranial Root

Question 92

Cranial Nerve XI:

This is purely a motor nerve which has 2 different roots.

The (…) comes from spinal motor column @ C1-C6. it enters the Neurocranium via the Foramen Magnum to join the cranial root. These fibres innervate the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.

Answer 92

Spinal root

Question 93

Cranial Nerve XI:

This is purely a motor nerve which has 2 different roots.

The (…) originates from the nucleus ambiguus in the medulla. These fibers split from the spinous fibers and join the vagus at the level of the jugular foramen to innervate larynx and pharynx muscles.

Answer 93

cranial root

Question 94

The 12th Cranial nerve is known as the (…) that has it’s own nucleus (the (..) nucleus).

it is a purely motor nerve, its fibres innervate the muscles of the tongue. it allows us to speak clearly.

Answer 94

hypoglossal nerve

hypoglassal

Question 95

cranial nerve XII:

can be seen as a series of small rootlets that exit the brainstem // the olis and the pyramids.
It exits the Neurocranium via its own canal the (…) which is found next to the foramen magnum.

Answer 95

hypoglossal canal

Question 96

The 11th and 12th Cranial nerves are purely (…) nerves.

Answer 96

motor

Question 97

Cranial nerves 3,4 & 6 control eye movement. if any of these are damaged it may to diplopia(…) or paralysis.

Answer 97

double vision

Question 98

the (…) is the thinnest of all cranial nerves and takes the longest root through the skull.

Palsy of this nerve will cause patients to tilt their head in order to allign their eyes.

Answer 98

trochlea nerve

Question 99

Cranial nerves 3,4 & 6 enter the orbit of the eye via the superior orbital fissure which is anterior to the (…).

The internal carotid artery also passes through this space.

Any damage to the carotid artery could easily effect the nerves in this space.

Answer 99

cavernous sinus

Question 100

A dual sinus is a sinus that is filled with (…)

Answer 100

venous blood

Question 101

(…) syndrome - the brainstem has been damaged so they are completely paralysed but their highre order functions still work. they can still think and feel.

Answer 101

Locked in syndrome

Question 102

Spino-thalamic pathway is responsible for sensory information about Pain, temperature and light touches.
It is an (…) pathway

Answer 102

ascending

Question 103

The Spino-thalamic pathway has 3 synapses.

the first occurs in the spinal cord.

the second occurs in the thalamus

the third occurs in the (…)

Answer 103

somato-sensory cortex.

Question 104

(…) in the Spino-thalamcic pathway decussate in the spino -thalamic tract(in the spinal cord)

Answer 104

Axons

Question 105

The Spino-thalamic pathway has 3 synapses.

the first occurs in the spinal cord.

the second occurs in the (…)

the third occurs in the somato-sensory cortex.

Answer 105

thalamus

Question 106

The Spino-thalamic pathway has 3 synapses.

the first occurs in the (…)

the second occurs in the thalamus

the third occurs in the somato-sensory cortex.

Answer 106

Spinal cord

Question 107

the Dorsal column-medial leminiscus pathway carries (…) sensation

Answer 107

descriminative touch

Question 108

The Dorsal column-medial leminiscus pathway has its first synapse in the (..)

Answer 108

medulla

Question 109

The Dorsal column-medial leminiscus pathway is a 3 neuron pathway.

the axons of this pathway start in the dorsal root of the spinal cord and go into the (…) before synapsing in the medulla.

Answer 109

dorsal column

Question 110

some small side branches of the The Dorsal (…) pathway can modify sensory messages about pain.

Answer 110

column-medial leminiscus

Question 111

Dorsal column-medial leminiscus pathway:

The dorsal column contains 2 tracts that go to diff body parts.

The (…) tract - lower limbs and trunk

The (…) tract - upper limb and trunk & neck

Answer 111

gracile

cuneate

Question 112

The Dorsal column-medial leminiscus pathway is a (…) pathway that carries information about discriminative touch proprioception & vibration sense.

Answer 112

fast, ascending

Question 113

Corticospinal pathway - this is a motor pathway. the corticospinal tract travels from the primary (…) via the spinal cord to the periphery.

Answer 113

motor cortex

Question 114

The corticospinal pathway only has one (…)

Answer 114

synapse

Question 115

Corticopsinal pathway:

(…)% of its axons cross side in the ventral medulla to create the lateral corticopsinal tract.

(…)% stay on the same side but cross over later down in the spinal cord.

Answer 115

85%

15%

Question 116

The corticopsinal tract terminates in two different ways.
The majority of axons are controlled via (…) as their movements are not as precise.

Muscles that require more precise movement are supplied directly by large motor neurons

Answer 116

interneurons

Question 117

The corticopsinal tract terminates in two different ways.

The majority of axons are controlled via interneurons as their movements are not as precise.

Muscles that require more precise movement are supplied directly by (…)

Answer 117

large motor neurons

Question 118

The corticopsinal tract is a (…) pathway that carries voluntary motor commands and reflexes.

Answer 118

descending