NBE study (Volume 12 spiral book) R.A. Glossary Flashcards
DEFINITION: Antemortem and/or postmortem injuries resulting from friction of the skin against a firm object resulting in the removal of the epidermis.
Abrasion
DEFINITION: A localized accumulation of pus.
Abscess
DEFINITION: The process of taking in, as in a colored object which absorbs certain rays of light & reflects other rays giving the object its recognizable color.
Example: An apple is called red if the red rays are reflected & the other rays in the light are ABSORBED.
Absorption
DEFINITION: To bluntly adjoin another structure. For example, the line of eye closure.
Abut
DEFINITION: Also called ‘dimethyl ketone’, this colorless liquor is used to soften & remove scabs, as a solvent for restorative wax, or as a stain remover.
Acetone
DEFINITION: A color not found in the visible spectrum; a neutral color such
as white, black, grey, silver, & gold (for decorative purposes).
Achromatic color
DEFINITION: Facial markings that develop during one’s lifetime, primarily as a result of repetitive use of certain muscles.
Acquired facial markings
DEFINITION: A process of mixing colored lights on a surface on which the wave lengths of each are combined.
Adding 2 or more colored lights together to create another color of light.
Additive method
DEFINITION: sticking to or adhering closely; substances which may be applied in order to sustain contact of 2 surfaces.
Adhesive
DEFINITION: A colloidal solution dispensed as a mist.
Aerosol
DEFINITION: Psychological; a visual impression remaining after the stimulus has been removed.
After-image
DEFINITION: A pressured atomizer used for spraying liquid paint or cosmetic upon a surface.
Airbrush
DEFINITION: A bony ridge found on the inferior surface of the maxilla & the superior surface of the mandible which contains the sockets for the teeth.
Alveolar processes
DEFINITION: An abnormal protrusion of the alveolar process(es).
Alveolar prognathism
DEFINITION: In color harmony, 2 or more hues which have the same hue in common.
Analogous
DEFINITION: A material or technique employed to secure tissues or restorative materials in a fixed position; an armature.
Anchor
DEFINITION: A bony angle formed by the junction of the posterior edge of the ramus of the mandible & the inferior surface of the body of the mandible; marks the widest part of the lower third of face.
Angle of the mandible
DEFINITION: The degree from vertical at which the surface(s) of a prominent feature projects.
Angle of projection
DEFINITION: The small convex prominence found lateral to the end of the line of closure of the mouth; a natural facial marking.
Angulus oris eminence
DEFINITION: The groove found at each end of the closure of the mouth; a natural facial marking.
Angulus oris sulcus
DEFINITION: Refers to before death.
Antemortem
DEFINITION: Before or in front of; an anatomical term of position & direction which denotes the front or forward part.
Anterior
DEFINITION: the external openings of the nostrils.
Anterior nares
DEFINITION: The inner rim of the ear.
Antihelix
DEFINITION: A small eminence obliquely OPPOSITE the tragus on the superior border of the lobe of the ear.
Antitragus
DEFINITION: A clear, thin, alkaline fluid which fills the anterior chamber of the eyeball.
Aqueous humor
DEFINITION: Curved, as the beak of an eagle; as viewed from the profile, a nasal profile which exhibits a “hook” or convexity in its dorsum.
Aquiline
DEFINITION: The inferior margin of the nasal wing which forms a distinct concave arc superiorly.
Arch of the wing
DEFINITION: Framework; a material, commonly of pliable metal or wood, employed to provide support for a wax restoration.
Armature
DEFINITION: To draw out liquids or gases by means of suction.
Aspiration
DEFINITION: Lack of symmetry, balance, or proportion.
Asymmetry
DEFINITION: (1) in cosmetology, the vehicle in a cosmetic (oil base); the initial application of cream or cosmetic; (2) the lower part of anything, the supporting part.
Base
DEFINITION: The 4 hues (white, yellow, red & brown) which correspond to the pigments of the skin.
Basic pigment
DEFINITION: A network of stitches which cross the borders of a cavity or excision to anchor fillers & to sustain tissues in their proper position.
Basket weave suture (cross stitch suture)
DEFINITION: Those areas of the fleshy lips, cheeks, chin, & neck which exhibit hair growth.
Beard area
DEFINITION: Two sides
Bilateral
DEFINITION: Dissimilarities existing in the two sides or halves of an object.
Bilateral differences
DEFINITION: An inferior or support viewpoint which permits the comparison of the 2 sides or halves of an object or facial feature.
Bilateral view
DEFINITION: an achromatic color; the absence of all color in pigmentation.
Black
DEFINITION: To whiten by removing color; to make pale.
Blanch
DEFINITION: A chemical which lightens or blanches skin discolorations.
Bleach
DEFINITION: The act of lightening a discoloration by hypodermic means or by surface compress.
Bleaching
DEFINITION: Color which escapes at the edge of a mixture.
Bleed
DEFINITION: To mix or intermingle colors smoothly; to make a gradual change from one color to another.
Blend
DEFINITION: Light yellow in coloration; a term commonly employed to describe hair color.
Blond
DEFINITION: the horizontal portion of the lower jaw.
Body of the mandible
DEFINITION: A raised support; the arched portion of the nose which is supported by the nasal bones; a structure or span connecting 2 parts of a mutilated bone.
Bridge
DEFINITION: Temporary suture consisting of individually cut & tied stitches employed to sustain proper tissue positioning.
Bridge stitch (interrupted suture)
DEFINITION: Brightness. In colored illumination, the quantity of illumination passing through a color transparency.
Brilliance
DEFINITION: Copper or brown in coloration.
Bronze
DEFINITION: the color like tanned leather.
Brown
DEFINITION: Dark brown in coloration. A term commonly used to describe hair color.
Brunette
DEFINITION: The space between the lips & the gums & teeth; the vestibule of the oral cavity.
Buccal cavity
DEFINITION: Natural, shallow concavities of the cheeks which extend obliquely downward from the medial or lateral margins of the cheekbones.
Buccal depressions
DEFINITION: The principle cheek muscle which compresses the cheeks & forms the lateral wall of the mouth.
Buccinator
DEFINITION: The vertical furrow of the cheek. An acquired facial marking.
Bucco-facial sulcus
DEFINITION: Another word for dental prognathism.
Buck teeth
DEFINITION: To oxidize or to cause to be oxidized by fire or equivalent means; a tissue reaction or injury resulting from the application of heat, extreme cold, caustic material, radiation, friction, or electricity.
Burn
DEFINITION: in cosmetology, a compressed powder.
Cake
DEFINITION: Purple- red in coloration; (aka crimson).
Carmine
DEFINITION: the yellow pigment of the skin.
Carotene
DEFINITION: A specialized type of dense connective tissue; attached to the ends of bones & forming parts of structures, such as the nasal septum & the framework of the ear.
Cartilage
DEFINITION: Casting; any object which has been made from a mold; the positive reproduction obtained from a negative impression.
Cast
DEFINITION: Directional terminology, toward the back, toward the tail.
Caudal
DEFINITION: A chemical capable of drying tissues by searing; causative.
Cauterizing agent
DEFINITION: A substance used to promote the adhesion of 2 separated surfaces, such as the lips, the eyelids, or the margin of an incision.
Cement
DEFINITION: Reduced to carbon; the state of tissues destroyed by burning.
Charred
DEFINITION: Intensity. Brightness or dullness of a color.
Chroma
DEFINITION: A color having hue; a color of the visible spectrum.
Chromatic color
DEFINITION: refers to the eyelashes.
Cilia
DEFINITION: A clear syrup-like liquid which evaporates, leaving a contractile, white firm; a liquid sealer.
Colloidion
DEFINITION: A visual sensation perceived by the eye & the mind due to the activity & vibration of light.
Color
DEFINITION: in cosmetology, a substance used to impart color to an object; dye, pigment, ink, or paint.
Colorant
DEFINITION: Colored glass, gelatin, or other substances which transmit light of certain wave lengths while absorbing the others.
Colored filter
DEFINITION: Illumination of an identifiable hue.
Colored light
DEFINITION: A circle in which the primary, secondary, & intermediate hues are arranged in orderly intervals.
Color wheel
DEFINITION: The fleshy termination of the nasal septum at the base of the nose; located between the nostrils; the most inferior part of the mass of the nose.
Columna nasi
DEFINITION: Those hues directly opposite on the color wheel; any 2 pigment set hues which, by their mixture in equal amounts, produce gray.
Complements (Complementary colors)
DEFINITION: the color & texture of the skin; especially that of the face.
Complexion
DEFINITION: A broken bone which pierces the skin.
Compound fracture
DEFINITION: Gauze or absorbent cotton saturated with water or an appropriate chemical & placed under or upon tissues to:
- preserve,
- bleach,
- dry out,
- constrict
- or to reduce swelling.
Compress
DEFINITION: Exhibiting a depressed or hollow surface; a concavity.
Concave
DEFINITION: a facial profile variation of in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the chin recedes from the plane of the upper lip.
Concave- convex profile
DEFINITION: a depressed profile form which may dip concavely from root to tip (see also retrousse & infantine).
Concave nasal profile
DEFINITION: A basic facial profile form in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the chin protrudes beyond the plane of the upper lip (e.g., infantine, retrousse, & least common).
Concave profile
DEFINITION: A facial profile variation in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the upper lip & chin project equally to an imaginary vertical line.
Concave-vertical (concave-balanced) profile
DEFINITION: the concave shell of the ear; the deepest depression of the ear.
Concha
DEFINITION: treatments of a restorative nature performed during the embalming operation.
Concurrent
DEFINITION: a rounded prominence at the end of a bone forming an articulation; the posterior process of the ramus of the mandible.
Condyle
DEFINITION: the outline or surface form.
Contour
DEFINITION: a bruise.
Contusion
DEFINITION: the color of an object being changed or completely destroyed when one color of illumination strikes an object of a completely different color.
Conversion
DEFINITION: curved evenly; resembling a segment of the outer edge of a sphere.
Convex
DEFINITION: a profile variation in which the forehead recedes from the eyebrows while the chin protrudes beyond the plane of the upper lip.
Convex-concave profile
DEFINITION: a nasal profile which exhibits a hump in its linear form.
Convex nasal profile (Roman, aquiline)
DEFINITION: a basic profile form in which the forehead recedes from the eyebrows while the chin recedes from the plane of the upper lip. The most common form.
Convex profile
DEFINITION: a profile variation in which the forehead recedes from the eyebrows while the chin & upper lip project equally to an imaginary vertical line.
Convex-vertical (-balanced) profile
DEFINITION: blue, green, purple, or any intermediate pigmentary hue in which they predominate; a receding hue which creates the illusion of distance from the observer; a color of short wave lengths.
Cool hue
DEFINITION: vertical prominences of the neck; an acquired facial marking.
Cords of the neck
DEFINITION: the anterior, non-articulating process of the ramus of the mandible which serves as the insertion for the temporalis muscle.
Coronoid process
DEFINITION: having an abnormal amount of body fat.
Corpulence
DEFINITION: a cosmetic technique which consists of highlighting those parts of the face or individual features to enlarge or bring them forward or shadowing them to reduce the appearance of size or deepen a depression.
Corrective shaping technique
DEFINITION: a pyramid-shaped muscle of facial expression which draws the eyebrows inferiorly & medially.”
Corrugator
DEFINITION: a media for beautifying the complexion & skin, etc.
Cosmetic
DEFINITION: a cosmetic medium composed of 2, 3, or all 4 basic pigments.
Cosmetic compound
DEFINITION: the initial application of a cream or paste cosmetic to skin tissues.
Cosmetic base
DEFINITION: the process of applying cosmetics to a surface.
Cosmetizing
DEFINITION: a professional trained in the application of cosmetics & the styling of hair.
Cosmetologist (beautician)
DEFINITION: the study of beautifying & improving the complexion, skin, hair, & nails.
Cosmetology
DEFINITION: that part of the human skull which enclosed the brain.
Cranium
DEFINITION: a semi-solid cosmetic.
Cream cosmetic
DEFINITION: the horizontal plate of the ethmoid bone separating the cranial cavity from the nasal cavity.
Cribriform plate
DEFINITION: On opposite sides of the body.
Contralateral
DEFINITION: the topmost part of the head.
Crown (Vertex)
DEFINITION: the furrows radiating from the lateral corner of the eye; acquired facial markings.
Crows feet (Optic facial sulcus
DEFINITION: the superior & anterior bifurcating branches of the antihelix of the ear.
Crura of the antihelix
DEFINITION: The origin of the helix which’s flattened in the concha.
Crus of the helix
DEFINITION: a commercially-prepared solvent used to remove dead cuticle from the nails & obstinate scabs.
Cuticle remover
DEFINITION: separation of the head from the body; to decapitate is the act of such separation.
Decapitation
DEFINITION: Separation of compounds into simpler substances by the action of microbial or autolytic enzymes.
Decomposition
DEFINITION: a material employed to fill cavities or excisions & to serve as a foundation for the superficial wax restoration.
Deep filler (wax)
DEFINITION: loss of water from the body or tissues.
Dehydrated
DEFINITION: the loss of moisture from body tissue which may occur antemortem or postmortem; rendered thoroughly dry; exhausted of moisture.
Dehydration (desiccation)
DEFINITION: the thickness of the applied cosmetic.
Density
DEFINITION: buck teeth; oblique insertion of the teeth.
Dental prognathism
DEFINITION: ligature around the superior & inferior teeth employed to hold the mandible in a fixed position.
Dental tie
DEFINITION: to lower inferiorly or to reduce projection.
Depress
DEFINITION: a hollow or shallow concave area in a surface.
Depression
DEFINITION: a muscle of facial expression which depresses the angle of the mouth.
Depressor anguli oris
DEFINITION: a muscle of facial expression that draws the lower lip inferiorly & slightly lateral.
Depressor labii inferioris
DEFINITION: the corium or true skin.
Derma (dermis, skin)
DEFINITION: the separation of the epidermis from the dermis as a result of putrefaction.
Desquamation (skin slip)
DEFINITION: A variation from the common or established.
Deviations
DEFINITION: a frontal-view geometric head shape which is e
widest across the cheekbones, narrowing in width in both the forehead & the jaws.
Diamond
DEFINITION: a double bellied muscle which draws the hyoid bone superiorly.
Digastricus
DEFINITION: a substance thinned or reduced in concentration; a cosmetic lessened in brilliance.
Dilution
DEFINITION: Shallow depressions located on the cheek or chin in a rounded or vertical form; e.g. one of the natural facial markings.
Dimples
DEFINITION: Away from, farther from the origin.
Distal
DEFINITION: a state of stretching out or becoming inflated.
Distention
DEFINITION: a state of being twisted or pushed out of natural shape or position.
Distortion
DEFINITION: top; the anterior protruding ridge of the nose from the root to the tip of the lobe.
Dorsum
DEFINITION: a wooden or metal rod used as an armature.
Dowel
DEFINITION: A compacted cake-type cosmetic of red coloration.
Dry rouge
DEFINITION: a non-preserving powder used in setting cosmetics & a wax firming agent.
Examples include: talcum powder & cosmetic powder.
Drying powder
DEFINITION: Swarthy; somewhat dark in color; when used to describe the complexion color.
Dusky
DEFINITION: the organ of hearing.
Ear
DEFINITION: abnormal accumulation of fluids in tissues or body cavities.
Edema
DEFINITION: an electrically-heated blade used to dry moist tissues, reduce swollen tissues, & restore contour to natural form.
Electric spatula
DEFINITION: a raised surface or part.
Elevation
DEFINITION: excessive leanness; a wasted condition resulting in sunken surfaces of the face.
Emaciation
DEFINITION: to fix or fasten in place.
Embed
DEFINITION: a prominence or projection of a bone.
Eminence
DEFINITION: the process of making color appear more vivid by illuminating it with a light of the same color.
Emphasis
DEFINITION: the removal of an entire mass or part, especially a tumor or the eyeball, without rupture.
Enucleation
DEFINITION: the muscle that draws the scalp posteriorly & inferiorly & raises the eyebrows.
Epicranius (Occipitofrontalis)
DEFINITION: the outermost layer of skin; the cuticle or scarf skin.
Epidermis
DEFINITION: to remove as by cutting out.
Excise
DEFINITION: the area from which tissue has been removed.
Excision
DEFINITION: any visible surface which is to remain uncovered or unclothed.
Exposed area
DEFINITION: the opening or passageway of the ear.
External auditory meatus
DEFINITION: weight applied to a surface.
External pressure
DEFINITION: superficial hairs covering the supercilia eye arches.
Eyebrows (Supercilia)
DEFINITION: a cosmetic in pencil form for coloring the hairs of the eyebrow, or creating an eyebrow where the hairs were removed.
Eyebrow pencil
DEFINITION: A thin, dome-like shell made of hardened cloth, metal, or plastic placed beneath eyelids to restore natural curvature & to maintain the position of posed eyelids.
Eyecap
DEFINITION: Two movable flaps of skin which covers & uncovers each eyeball.
Eyelids (Pl. palpebrae; Singular- palpebra)
DEFINITION: a cosmetic color applied to the upper eyelids.
Eye shadow
DEFINITION: the bony region containing the eyeball; the orbital cavity.
Eye socket
DEFINITION: anatomically, the region from the eyes to the base of the chin; physiognomically, the region from the normal hairline to the base of the chin.
Face
DEFINITION: the “character” lines of the face & neck; wrinkles, grooves, cords, & dimples.
Facial markings
DEFINITION: the silhouettes of the face from the side view.
Facial profiles
DEFINITION: mathematical relationships of the facial features to one another &/or to the head & face.
Facial proportions
DEFINITION: to reduce gradually to an indistinguishable edge; to “taper”.
Feather
DEFINITION: material used to fill a large cavity (plaster of Paris & cotton; liquid sealer & cotton).
Filler
DEFINITION: the degree of rigidity or stability; a condition of the tissues necessary for the application of wax.
Firmness
DEFINITION: the most viscous type of wax; a putty-like material used to fill large cavities or model features.
Firm wax (Wound filler)
DEFINITION: an injury caused by heat which produces redness of the skin.
First degree burn
DEFINITION: Flushed with red, when describing a complexion; not as vivid as ruddy.
Florid
DEFINITION: the illumination produced by a tubular electric discharge lamp; the fluorescence of phosphors coating the inside of a tube.
Fluorescent light
DEFINITION: an elongated prominence adjoining a surface.
Fold
DEFINITION: an opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes from the brain.
Foramen magnum
DEFINITION: the quality of a color to draw attention by means of its intensity or “advancing” characteristics.
Force
DEFINITION: that face part above the eyes.
Forehead
DEFINITION: External shape; a mold for casting; produce a certain shape; to constitute existing elements.
Form
DEFINITION: the complexion cosmetic in ornamental cosmetology.
Foundation
DEFINITION: total evacuation (absence) of tissue.
Fourth degree burn
DEFINITION: broken bone.
Fracture
DEFINITION: the vertical restraining fold of mucous membrane on the midline of the inside of each lip connecting the lip with the gum.
Frenulum
DEFINITION: Anterior; the anterior view of the face or features.
Frontal
DEFINITION: the anterior third of the cranium, forming the forehead & the anterior portion of the roof of the skull.
Frontal bone
DEFINITION: paired, rounded, unmargined prominences of the frontal bone found approximately one inch beneath the normal hairline.
Frontal eminences
DEFINITION: the ascending part of the upper jaw which gradually protrudes as it rises beside the nasal bone to meet the frontal bone; the ascending process of the upper jaw.
Frontal process of the maxilla
DEFINITION: the quality & quantity of illumination used for presentation of casketed remains.
Funeral lighting
DEFINITION: A wrinkle; a crevice in the skin accompanied by adjacent elevations.
Furrow
DEFINITION: the shape of a plane figure determined by its outline, such as rounded, oval, square, etc.
Geometric
DEFINITION: a single bony prominence of the frontal bone located between the superciliary arches in the inferior part of the frontal bone above the root of the nose.
Glabella
DEFINITION: a neutral, achromatic color resulting from the mixture of black & white pigments; a color resulting from the mixture of complementary pigmentary hues in equal quantities.
Gray
DEFINITION: a nasal profile form in which the dorsum exhibits a straight line from the root to the tip; a straight nasal profile.
Grecian
DEFINITION: the hue resulting from the mixture of yellow & blue pigments in equal quantities; one of three secondary pigmentary hues.
Green
DEFINITION: an elongated depression in a relatively level plane or surface.
Groove
DEFINITION: the outline of hair growth on the face or head; the lowest centrally located part of the hair of the cranium.
Hairline
DEFINITION: a grouping of hairs, affixed by suturing, used in hair restorations.
Hair patch
DEFINITION: the anterior portion of the roof of the mouth.
Hard palate
DEFINITION: the outline of the exterior margins of the head.
Head shape
DEFINITION: the vertical measurement of a feature or part of a feature; the distance above the base.
Height
DEFINITION: the outer rim of the ear.
Helix
DEFINITION: red pigment; the protein coloring matter of the red blood corpuscles which serves to convey oxygen to the tissues forming oxyhemoglobin.
Hemoglobin
DEFINITION: Intradermal suture; type of suture used to close incisions in such a manner that the ligature remains entirely under the epidermis.
Hidden stitch
DEFINITION: a surface lying at right angles to the source of illumination which reflects the maximum amount of light; the brighter part.
Highlight
DEFINITION: Parallel to the plane of the horizon.
Horizontal
DEFINITION: roughly U-shaped, with the front being narrower than the sweep of the curve.
Horseshoe curve
DEFINITION: the property of a color by which it’s distinguished from other colors.
Hue
DEFINITION: any liquid or semi-liquid of the body, e.g. the aqueous or vitreous humor of the eyeball.
Humor
DEFINITION: shaped as a bent wood weapon with a central belly; resembling a “cupid” bow; the five arcs in the line of the lip closure resemble the design of the classic hunting bow.
Hunting bow
DEFINITION: the insertion of chemicals directly into the tissues through the use of a syringe & needle.
Hypodermic injection
DEFINITION: the injection of special creams or liquids into the tissues through the use of a syringe & needle to restore natural contour.
Hypodermic tissue building
DEFINITION: giving or casting of light.
Illumination
DEFINITION: the illumination resulting from the glowing of a heated filament.
Incandescent Light
DEFINITION: a clean cut into tissue or skin.
Incision
DEFINITION: the depression between the mental eminence & the inferior incisor teeth.
Incisive fossa
DEFINITION: the 4 teeth located anteriorly from the midline on each jaw; used for cutting.
Incisor teeth
DEFINITION: slope; deviation from the horizontal or vertical; oblique.
Inclination
DEFINITION: a blue dye obtained from certain plants or made synthetically, usually from aniline dyes; a deep violet blue designated by Newton as one of the seven prismatic colors.
Indigo
DEFINITION: babyish, childlike in regard to much adipose tissue; also refers to a facial profile.
Infantine
DEFINITION: beneath; lower in plane or position; the under surface of an organ or indicating a structure below another structure; toward the feet.
Inferior
DEFINITION: the lowermost scroll-shaped bones on the sidewalls of the nasal cavity.
Inferior nasal conchae
DEFINITION: the furrow of the lower attached border of the inferior palpebra; an “acquired” facial marking.
Inferior palpebral sulcus
DEFINITION: a form of prognathism in which the base of the nasal cavity protrudes abnormally.
Infranasal prognathism
DEFINITION: the part of the invisible spectrum adjacent to the red end of the visible spectrum.
Infrared
DEFINITION: eminence at the medial corner of the closed eyelids.
Inner Canthus
DEFINITION: superiorly, the skin portion of the upper lip from the attached margin of the upper mucous membrane to the base of the nose; & inferiorly, the skin portion of the lower lip from the attached margin of the lower mucous membrane to the labiomental sulcus.
Integumentary lips
DEFINITION: existing in a high degree of brilliance; vivid.
Intense
DEFINITION: to become more brilliant or more vivid in color.
Intensify
DEFINITION: the vertical or transverse furrows between the eyebrows; “acquired” facial markings.
Interciliary sulci
DEFINITION: a pigmentary hue produced by mixing, in equal quantities, a primary hue with its adjacent secondary hue on the color wheel.
Intermediate hue
DEFINITION: Between 2 structures.
Intermediate
DEFINITION: a notch or opening between the tragus & the antitragus of the ear.
Intertragic notch
DEFINITION: tissues turned in an opposite direction or folded inward.
Inversion
DEFINITION: a three-sided figure whose base is superior to its apex; when used to describe a frontal-view geometric headscape, a head which is wide at the forehead & narrow at the jaw.
Inverted triangle
DEFINITION: on the same side of the body.
Ipsilateral
DEFINITION: the inferior border of the mandible.
Jawline
DEFINITION: any 2 hues seen together which modify each other in the direction of their complements.
Juxtaposition
DEFINITION: lips.
Labia
DEFINITION: the vertical furrows of each lip extending from within the mucous membranes into the integumentary lips; acquired facial markings. Also called the furrows of age.
Labial sulci
DEFINITION: the junction of the lower integumentary lip & the superior border of the chin, which may appear as a furrow; a natural facial marking.
Labiomental sulcus
DEFINITION: to cut or tear into irregular segments.
Lacerate
DEFINITION: an irregularly torn or jagged wound, ranging from superficial scratches to deep tears in the tissues.
Laceration
DEFINITION: oil from sheep wool.
Lanolin
DEFINITION: Peach fuzz; the downy hair of a fetus, children, or women.
Lanugo
DEFINITION: a position or direction away from midline; to the side.
Lateral
DEFINITION: escape of blood or fluid.
Leak
DEFINITION: a vertical dimension.
Length
DEFINITION: a nasal index common to individuals of Western European descent having a long, narrow, & high bridge.
Leptorrhine
DEFINITION: a muscle of facial expression which elevates the angle of the mouth.
Levator anguli oris
DEFINITION: a muscle of facial expression which elevates the upper lip & dilated the nostril opening; the common elevator.
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
DEFINITION: a muscle of facial expression which elevates & extends the upper lip.
Levator labii superioris
DEFINITION: muscle of facial expression which raises the upper eyelid.
Levator palpebrae superioris
DEFINITION: to tie or bind using cord, wire, or thread.
Ligate
DEFINITION: thread, cord, or wire used for tying vessels, tissues, or bone.
Ligature
DEFINITION: to shine; form of electromagnetic radiation that acts upon the retina of the eye to make sight possible.
Light
DEFINITION: line that forms between 2 structures, such as the lips or eyelids when in a closed position, marking their place of contact with each
other.
Line of closure
DEFINITION: eyelid furrows that are short & broken, extending horizontally on the palpebrae themselves & which may fan from both the medial & lateral corners of the eyes.
Linear sulci
DEFINITION: a small, flat brush having soft hairs of uniform length.
Lip brush
DEFINITION: a soft restorative wax, usually tinted, used to surface the mucous membranes or to correct lip separations.
Lip wax
DEFINITION: a fluid, colorant in which pigments are dissolved or suspended.
Liquid cosmetic
DEFINITION: a quick-drying fluid adhesive.
Liquid sealer
DEFINITION: a part or projection, more or less rounded, e.g. the inferior part of the ear or the projection of the nose overlying the lower lateral cartilages.
Lobe
DEFINITION: a single, noose-like suture, not pulled taut before knotting, which stands from the skin & which anchors restorative materials.
Loop stitch
DEFINITION: a red-purple or purplish-red. A product of red & blue illumination projected on the same area.
Magenta
DEFINITION: those needing a long period of time, are extensive, require advanced technical skill, & expressed written consent to perform.
Major restoration
DEFINITION: the cosmetic material; the process of application of a cosmetic.
Makeup
DEFINITION: the horseshoe-shaped bone forming the inferior jaw.
Mandible
DEFINITION: the small oval depression on the zygomatic process of the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible articulates, just anterior to the external auditory meatus. Forms the temporal mandibular joint (TMJ).
Mandibular fossa
DEFINITION: jaw protrusion of the inferior jaw.
Mandibular prognathism
DEFINITION: the furrow beneath the jawline which rises vertically on the cheek; an acquired facial marking.
Mandibular sulcus
DEFINITION: stitch used to hold the mouth closed; placed behind the lips, one part is passed through around the inferior jaw at the median plane, while the other part extends through the nasal septum or the superior frenulum.
Mandibular suture
DEFINITION: the boundaries or edges.
Margins
DEFINITION: cosmetic preparation used to darken the eyelashes.
Mascara
DEFINITION: anything that hides or conceals, as cosmetics.
Mask
DEFINITION: a soft, white, oily preparation used as a protective coating for external tissues; a base for cream cosmetics & a wax softener; an emollient.
Massage cream
DEFINITION: muscles of mastication which closes the mandible.
Masseter
DEFINITION: the rounded projection on the inferior portion of the temporal bones just posterior to the lobe of the ear.
Mastoid process
DEFINITION: having a dull finish; created by the application of loose powder, lack of sheen.
Matte
DEFINITION: a paired bone with several processes that form the skeletal base of most of the superior face, roof of the mouth, sides of the nasal cavity & floor of the orbit.
Maxilla
DEFINITION: superior jaw protrudes.
Maxillary prognathism
DEFINITION: nearer to the midline; opposite of lateral direction.
Medial
DEFINITION: tiny prominence on the midline of the superior mucous membrane.
Medial lobe
DEFINITION: situated or placed in the middle of the body dividing it into right & left halves.
Median plane
DEFINITION: the brown to black-brown pigment in the epidermis & hair.
Melanin
DEFINITION: a triangular projection on the inferior portion of the anterior mandible.
Mental eminence
DEFINITION: muscle that elevates & protrudes the inferior lip, wrinkled the skin over the chin.
Mentalis
DEFINITION: a nasal classification which is medium broad & medium-low bridged; common to those of Asian descent.
Mesorrhine
DEFINITION: those requiring a minimum effort, skill, or time to complete.
Minor restoration
DEFINITION: a composition of 2 or more substances that are not chemically bound to each other.
Mixture
DEFINITION: constructing a form with a pliable material such as wax or clay.
Modeling
DEFINITION: variations of one hue; tints, tones, & shades of one hue.
Monochromatic
DEFINITION: to diversify with spots or blotches of a different color or shade.
Mottle
DEFINITION: a device used in the mouth for shaping the contour of the lips.
Mouth former
DEFINITION: the visible red surfaces of the lips; the lining membrane of body cavities which communicate with the exterior.
Mucous membranes
DEFINITION: stitch used to hold the mouth closed; placed behind the lips; part is passed through the muscles tangent to the inferior jaw (while the other part extends through either the nasal septum or the superior frenulum).
Musculature suture
DEFINITION: to reduce the intensity of a color by the addition of another color.
Mute
DEFINITION: disfigured by a loss of a natural part by force.
Mutilated
DEFINITION: directly inferior to the glabella & forming a dome over the superior portion of the nasal cavity.
Nasal bones
DEFINITION: the orifice in the bony face bounded by the margins of the nasal bones & the maxilla.
Nasal cavity
DEFINITION: the sharp, bony projection located medially at the inferior margin of the nasal cavity.
Nasal spine of the maxilla
DEFINITION: the angular area between the posterior margin of the wing of the nose & the nasolabial fold.
A natural facial marking.
Nasal sulcus
DEFINITION: anterior fold of the cheek which descends laterally along the upper lip from the wing of the nose.
A natural facial marking.
Nasolabial fold
DEFINITION: An acquired facial marking that’s the furrow lying medial & adjacent to the nasolabial fold.
Nasolabial sulcus
DEFINITION: the concavity superior & medial to the inner corner of the eye.
Naso-orbital fossa
DEFINITION: Facial markings that are present at birth; hereditary.
Natural facial markings
DEFINITION: areas of color in the tissues normally darker than the adjacent areas.
Natural shadows
DEFINITION: instrument used to impel specially designed metal pins (with wire attached to each pin) into bone.
Needle injector
DEFINITION: a new, abnormal formation of tissue, as a tumor or growth.
Neoplasm
DEFINITION: a birthmark, congenital
skin blemish, &/or any congenital anomaly, including various types of birthmarks & all moles.
Nevus
DEFINITION: the most common characteristics of each feature; typical, common, average.
Norm
DEFINITION: a relatively deep indentation, usually between 2 projections.
Notch
DEFINITION: slanting or inclined, neither perpendicular nor horizontal.
Oblique
DEFINITION: the shallow, curving groove below the medial corner of the eyelids; a natural facial marking.
Oblique palpebral sulcus
DEFINITION: a frontal head form in which the head is long & narrow throughout.
Oblong
DEFINITION: lowest part of the back & base of the cranium, forming a cradle for the brain.
Occipital bone
DEFINITION: the prominence at the center of the external surface of the occipital bone.
Occipital protuberance
DEFINITION: a coloring medium where the pigments are combined with a petroleum product.
Oil based (oil-base) cosmetics
DEFINITION: a yellow-tan of medium value with a greenish tinge.
Olive
DEFINITION: the state of being opaque (R.A. definition not cremation definition).
Opacity
DEFINITION: in restorative art, not transparent or translucent; not allowing light to pass through a concealing cosmetic.
Opaque
DEFINITION: the mouth; the orifice containing teeth & tongue.
Oral cavity
DEFINITION: the hue obtained from the mixture of red & yellow; a secondary color of pigments.
Orange
DEFINITION: muscle that closes the eyelids & compresses the lacrimal sacs.
Orbicularis oculi
DEFINITION: the muscle that closes & puckers the lips.
Orbicularis oris
DEFINITION: bags under the eyes; the fullness between the inferior palpebra & the oblique palpebral sulcus.
Orbital pouch
DEFINITION: entrance or outlet of any body cavity; an opening.
Orifice
DEFINITION: the attachment of a muscle which moves the least when the muscle contracts; the beginning.
Origin
DEFINITION: an adornment or embellishment; a cosmetic material manufactured for street wear; the technique of cosmetic application to beautify the the face.
Ornamental
DEFINITION: a frontal head form in which the head is generally egg-shaped, with the cranium slightly wider than the jaws.
The most common geometric head form.
Oval
DEFINITION: a coloring modified by an overlying color; a color which visibly predominates more than the general coloring; a wash.
Overtone
DEFINITION: one of the bones forming the posterior part of the hard palate & lateral nasal wall between the interior pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone & the maxilla.
Palatine bone
DEFINITION: Relating to a body cavity wall.
Parietal
DEFINITION: 2 bones that form the roof & part of the sides of the skull.
Parietal bones
DEFINITION: the rounded peak of the external convexity of the parietal bones; determines the widest part of the cranium.
Parietal eminence
DEFINITION: a soft, moist opaque cosmetic with the consistency of dough & bound together with the aid of gum, starch, & water. If oils & fats are present, water is absent.
Paste
DEFINITION: a group of hairs of uniform length applied simultaneously as a method of hair replacement.
Patch of hair
DEFINITION: diseased; due to disease.
Pathological condition
DEFINITION: wounds that cause a puncture of the skin, a cavity, or an organ.
Penetrating wounds
DEFINITION: superior portion of the bony nasal septum.
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
DEFINITION: a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum.
Petroleum jelly
DEFINITION: an antiseptic/disinfectant employed to dry moist tissues & to bleach discolored tissues.
Phenol
DEFINITION: A natural facial marking that is the vertical groove located medially on the superior lip.
Philtrum
DEFINITION: the study of structures & surface markings on the face & features.
Physiognomy
DEFINITION: a coloring matter which can be applied to an object, when combined with some type of vehicle.
Pigment
DEFINITION: a powder (usually composed of dry, pulverized pigments & talcum) employed as a cosmetic material.
Pigment powder
DEFINITION: the Prang system. The basis for mortuary cosmetology.
Pigment theory
DEFINITION: the exterior ear.
Pinna
DEFINITION: surfaces having very little curvature.
Planes
DEFINITION: Calcium sulfate; a white powdery substance that forms a quick-setting paste when mixed with water.
Plaster of paris
DEFINITION: A nasal classification which is short & broad, with the minimum of projection. Common to those of African descent.
Platyrrhine
DEFINITION: thin layer of muscle covering the anterior aspect of the neck.
Platysma muscle
DEFINITION: An acquired facial marking that’s the transverse, dipping furrow of the neck.
Platysmal sulci
DEFINITION: a small ball, cylinder, or tuft often made of cotton.
Pledget
DEFINITION: Any device like cotton, cloth, wood, etc. used to fill or close an opening.
Plug
DEFINITION: for hypodermic injection, a place (usually invisible) at which access to inner positions may be had.
Point of entry
DEFINITION: minute depressions in the surface of the skin, as in the openings of the sweat glands.
Pores
DEFINITION: treatments of a restorative nature performed after the embalming operation.
Post-embalming
DEFINITION: position of direction; toward the back.
Posterior
DEFINITION: after death.
Post-mortem
DEFINITION: any solid substance in the state of fine, loose particles as produced by crushing or grinding.
Powder
DEFINITION: a device used to blow powder onto a surface.
Powder atomizer
DEFINITION: a device containing hairs or bristles set in a handle; used to apply &/or remove powder.
Powder brush
DEFINITION: a soft, circular pad for applying powder.
Powder puff
DEFINITION: treatments of a restorative nature performed before the embalming operation.
Pre-embalming
DEFINITION: one of three pigmentary hues (red, yellow, blue) which can be combined to make all other hues.
In light color theory, red, blue, & green can be combined to make every other hue.
Primary hue
DEFINITION: the muscle that draws the skin of the forehead inferiorly.
Procerus muscle
DEFINITION: a photograph or painting in which the subject has been poised & lighted flatteringly by a professional photographer or artist.
Professional portrait
DEFINITION: the side view of the human head.
Profile
DEFINITION: projection of the jaw(s) beyond the projection of the forehead.
Prognathism
DEFINITION: the act of throwing forward; a part extending beyond the level of its surroundings.
Projection
DEFINITION: an artificial device used to replace a limb, or other body part.
Prosthetic device
DEFINITION: the relationships of the size of one feature as compared with another feature or with the width or length of the face.
Proportions
DEFINITION: the rounded, anterior projection of the tip of the nose.
Protruding lobe
DEFINITION: state or condition of being thrust forward or projecting.
Protrusion
DEFINITION: Directional terms, near, closer to the origin.
Proximal
DEFINITION: a soft, circular pad for applying powder.
Puff
DEFINITION: a hole or wound resulting from piercing.
Puncture
DEFINITION: a color between red & blue; a secondary hue of pigments.
Purple
DEFINITION: a suture made around the circumference of a circular opening or puncture to close it or to hold the margins in position.
Purse string suture
DEFINITION: A secretion from inflamed tissues; usually an opaque, creamy colored matter.
Pus
DEFINITION: a small elevation of the skin with an inflamed base, containing pus.
Pustule
DEFINITION: an apparently solid structure having a square base & 4 triangular sides which meet at a central point.
Pyramid
DEFINITION: the large muscle from the cheekbone & lower rim of the eye socket which raises the upper lip.
Quadratus labii superioris
DEFINITION: energy traveling through space in the form of electromagnetic waves of various lengths.
Radiant energy
DEFINITION: to spread out from a common point.
Radiate
DEFINITION: the vertical portion of the mandible.
Ramus
DEFINITION: a dark, purplish-red color.
Raspberry
DEFINITION: a comb with a long, thin handle employed in curling air.
Rat-tail comb
DEFINITION: a darkened, air-dried area on the skin resulting from the removal of the epidermis while shaving.
Razor burn
DEFINITION: a type of surface formed by the withdrawal of a part from its normal position.
Recession
DEFINITION: a four-sided figure having four right angles.
Rectangular
DEFINITION: to diminish in size, mass, or projection.
Reduce
DEFINITION: the return of light waves from surfaces; the bending or folding back of a part upon itself.
Reflection
DEFINITION: to lay at rest.
Repose
DEFINITION: care of the deceased to recreate natural form & color.
Restorative art
DEFINITION: a nose which is turned up superiorly at the tip; a CONCAVE nasal profile.
Retrousse
DEFINITION: the border, edge, or margin of a thing, usually of a circular or curving form, as in the rim of the eye socket.
Rim
DEFINITION: the narrow superficial band of muscle which pulls the angle of the mouth laterally.
Risorius muscle
DEFINITION: the long, rod-shaped sensory bodies of the retina of the eye responsive to light but not color.
Rods of the eye
DEFINITION: the aquiline nose profile.
Roman nose
DEFINITION: the apex (top) of the pyramidal mass of the nose which lies directly inferior to the forehead; the concave dip inferior to the forehead (profile view).
Root
DEFINITION: Directional term meaning toward the front, or the nose (in the case of animals)
Rostral
DEFINITION: a frontal head form in which the head exhibits maximum curvature; e.g. infantile.
Round (infantine) head form
DEFINITION: This acronym is for the spectrum of light- Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, & violet.
R.O.Y.G.B.I.V.
DEFINITION: red complexion; having a healthy reddish color, said of the complexion, more vivid than florid.
Ruddy
DEFINITION: a yellowish, sickly complexion color.
Sallow
DEFINITION: a visual aspect indicating the vividness of the hue in the degree of difference from a gray of the same lightness.
Saturation
DEFINITION: a crust over a healing sore or wound.
Scab
DEFINITION: fossa between the inner & outer rims of the ear; the shallowest depression of the ear.
Scapha
DEFINITION: a bright red color inclining toward orange.
Scarlet
DEFINITION: a quick-drying material which leaves a hard, thin transparent coat or layer through which moisture can’t pass.
Sealer
DEFINITION: to cauterize tissues by heat or chemical in order to provide a dry foundation.
Sear(ing)
DEFINITION: A burn resulting in acute inflammation of the skin with blisters.
Second degree burn
DEFINITION: Equal mixture of 2 primary light colors that will produce pigmentary hues (orange, green, purple); a mixture of yellow, magenta, & cyan (green-blue).
Secondary hue
DEFINITION: almost opaque; not transparent or translucent.
Semi-opaque
DEFINITION: vertical cartilage dividing the nasal cavity into 2 chambers, responsible for asymmetry of the nose.
Septum
DEFINITION: notched on the edge like a saw.
Serrated
DEFINITION: to have been cut or broken apart; disjointed.
Severed
DEFINITION: a hue into which various amounts of black are mixed; the darkened hue.
Shade
DEFINITION: Surfaces which don’t lie at right angles to the source of illumination or are obscured by other surfaces & which reflect little or no light.
Shadow
DEFINITION: shine; as of the reflection of natural oils of the skin.
Sheen
DEFINITION: the growth of hair located anterior of the ears.
Sideburns
DEFINITION: the lateral walls of the nose between the wings & the bridge.
Sides of the nose
DEFINITION: fractured bone which doesn’t pierce the skin.
Simple fracture
DEFINITION: to burn superficially as of the hair which shows partial destruction from scorching heat.
Singe
DEFINITION: surface restorer.
Soft wax
DEFINITION: A substance (usually liquid) capable of, or used in, dissolving something.
Solvent
DEFINITION: a flat, blunt knife-like instrument used for mixing cosmetics & modeling; a palette knife.
Spatula
DEFINITION: visible band. The original standard of color; the progressive arrangement of colors (ROYGBIV) seen when a beam of white light is broken down into its component colors.
Spectrum
DEFINITION: an appliance as of wood, metal, etc. used to keep in place or protect a displaced or movable part.
Splint
DEFINITION: A liquid cosmetic so compounded that it can be atomized to provide a means of application to a surface.
Spray cosmetic
DEFINITION: an elastic, porous mass of interlacing horny fibers which are permanently attached; remarkable for its power of absorbing water & becoming soft when wet without losing its toughness.
Sponge
DEFINITION: the vertical surface of the temporal bone.
Squama
DEFINITION: a frontal head form in which the head is broad & exhibits very little curvature; the forehead is wide & the angles of the mandible are usually low as well as wide; e.g. strong.
Square
DEFINITION: to discolor with foreign matter; an area so discolored.
Stain
DEFINITION: any substances or agents which will cause an external discoloration to be removed or lessened.
Stain removers
DEFINITION: used as a dusting powder & an absorbent; used to firm wax. Example: cornstarch.
Starch
DEFINITION: a neck muscle that’s attached to the mastoid process of the temporal bone & by separate heads (of the muscle) to the sternum & clavicle.
**This muscle marks the widest part of the neck.
Sternocleidomastoideus muscle
DEFINITION: A small, rounded, stiff brush, with bristles all the same length, used to simulate pores on wax; stencil brush; can be used for cosmetic application.
Stipple brush
DEFINITION: a nasal profile in which the dorsum exhibits a straight line from the root to the tip. The most common nasal profile; e.g. Grecian.
Straight nasal profile (Grecian)
DEFINITION: situated or occurring beneath the skin.
Subcutaneous
DEFINITION: lowered in intensity or strength; reduced in fullness or color; muted.
Subdued
DEFINITION: describing those portions which lie immediately inferior to the mandible.
Submandibular
DEFINITION: the junction of the base of the chin & the submandibular area, which may appear as a furrow. A natural facial marking.
Submental sulcus
DEFINITION: method of diminishing the wave lengths of light by superimposing 2 or more color transparencies over the same light source; the light is gradually reduced by absorption of colors in the light.
Subtractive method
DEFINITION: a furrow, wrinkle or groove.
Sulcus
DEFINITION: situated as a depression; concave.
Sunken
DEFINITION: the inferior part of the forehead just superior to the median ends of the eyebrows
Superciliary arches
DEFINITION: name for the eyebrows
Supercilia (pleural)/supercilium (single)
DEFINITION: more elevated in place or position; higher; upper; anatomically towards the head.
Superior
DEFINITION: An acquired facial marking that is the furrow of the superior border of the upper eyelid.
Superior palpebral sulcus
DEFINITION: region between the supercilium & the superior palpebrae.
Supraorbital area
DEFINITION: the superior rim of the eye sockets.
Supraorbital margins
DEFINITION: Soft wax; a wax used to fill shallow depressions; which is softer & more pliable than wound filler.
Surface restorer
DEFINITION: restoration to a normal position or level through surgical excision.
Surgical reduction
DEFINITION: a substance in which particles of ground pigments are mixed with a fluid but are undissolved.
Suspension
DEFINITION: to provide support for; to hold in a fixed position.
Sustain
DEFINITION: act of sewing; also the completed stitch.
Suture
DEFINITION: a bit of cotton or cloth used for removing moisture or discharges from mucous membranes as well as for applying bleaches or liquid disinfectants.
Swab
DEFINITION: dark-colored complexion, as a face made ____ by the tropical sun.
Swarthy
DEFINITION: correspondence in size, shape, & relative position of parts that are on opposite sides of the face.
Symmetry
DEFINITION: a form which receded away from a given point; a form which becomes gradually smaller toward one end; to reduce gradually from the center.
Taper
DEFINITION: inferior portion of the sides & base of the cranium, inferior to the parietal bones & anterior to the occipital bone.
Temporal bones
DEFINITION: the concave surface of the head overlying the temporal bone.
Temporal cavity
DEFINITION: muscle of mastication which help to close the mandible (the strongest chewing muscles).
Temporalis muscle
DEFINITION: property of holding fast; adhesiveness.
Tenacity
DEFINITION: limit; end; the part which terminates.
Termination/Terminal
DEFINITION: the hue which results from the mixture of 2 secondary pigmentary hues or an unbalanced proportion of complements with the warm hue or cool hue predominating.
Tertiary hue
DEFINITION: a brush with a relatively large tuft of good quality, fine bristles, such as black sable or finch; used to blend & stipple cosmetics or powder into the applied (cream) cosmetic, & clean out deposits impacted in pores.
Texturizing brush
DEFINITION: destruction of cutaneous & subcutaneous tissues; seared or charred tissue.
Third degree burn
DEFINITION: in reference to a photograph, a view which reveals the fullness of the cheeks.
Three quarter view
DEFINITION: a hue into which various quantities of white are mixed.
Tint
DEFINITION: a powder which is lightly colored with non-moisture absorbing pigments.
Tinted powders
DEFINITION: the extremity of anything which tapers (e.g. the tip of the nose; the termination of the forward projection of the nose).
Tip
DEFINITION: a substance used to elevate sunken (emaciated) tissues to normal level by hypodermic injection.
Tissue builder
DEFINITION: a hue mixed with either a small quantity of gray or the complement of the hue, resulting in dulling the hue.
Tone
DEFINITION: a small wig or patch of false hair covering a bald spot; a hair piece.
Toupee
DEFINITION: elevation protecting the ear passage (external auditory meatus).
Tragus
DEFINITION: transmitting light but causing sufficient diffusion to eliminate perception of distinct images; somewhat transparent.
Translucent
DEFINITION: having the property of transmitting rays of light through its substance so that bodies situated beyond or behind can be directly seen.
Transparent
DEFINITION: furrows which cross the forehead. Acquired facial markings.
Transverse frontal sulci
DEFINITION: a physical injury or wound caused by external force or violence.
Trauma
DEFINITION: a frontal head form in which the face is wider between the angles of the mandible than it is at the forehead; representing a triangle in shape; formed by 3 lines & having 3 angles.
Least common geometric head form.
Triangular
DEFINITION: depression between the crura of the ear; the second deepest depression of the ear.
Triangular fossa
DEFINITION: a spontaneous new growth of tissue forming an abnormal mass.
Tumor
DEFINITION: in liquids, muddy with particles of extraneous matter, not clear or transparent.
Turbid
DEFINITION: invisible rays of the spectrum lying outside the violet end of the visible spectrum.
Ultraviolet
DEFINITION: a coloring (opaque) applied to an area which, when dry, will be covered with wax or another colorant.
Undercoat
DEFINITION: the angles cut of the borders of an excision, made so that the skin surface will overhang the deeper tissues.
Undercut
DEFINITION: a part which is, or will be, hidden from view.
Unexposed area
DEFINITION: the lightness or darkness of a hue.
Value
DEFINITION: changes in form, extent, etc.; things somewhat different from another of the same kind.
Variations
DEFINITION: a material combined with pigments so they may be applied more easily.
Vehicle
DEFINITION: Directional term, toward the bottom or belly.
Ventral
DEFINITION: perpendicular to the plane of the horizon; balanced.
Vertical
DEFINITION: one in which the forehead & the eyebrows project equally to a vertical line & the chin protrudes more than the upper lip.
Vertical-concave profile
DEFINITION: one in which the forehead & the eyebrows project equally to a vertical line & the chin recedes from the projection of the upper lip.
Vertical-convex profile
DEFINITION: one in which the forehead, upper lip & chin project equally to an imaginary vertical line; e.g. balanced.
Vertical-balanced profile
DEFINITION: the semi- fluid, transparent substance which lies between the retina & lens of the eyeball.
Vitreous humor
DEFINITION: brilliance; intensely bright color(s).
Vivid
DEFINITION: the degree of brilliance.
Vividity
DEFINITION: bone of the nasal cavity situated between the nasal passages on the median plane; it forms the inferior & posterior portion of the septum of the nose.
Vomer bone
DEFINITION: area of the skin surface which, during life, are naturally reddened; places where cosmetics will be applied to restore the appearance of warmth that red hemoglobin will give.
Warm color areas
DEFINITION: a color which appears in the spectral band, characterized by long wave-lengths; a color which makes an object appear closer & larger; a color which reflects warmth; i.e. red, orange, yellow, & other colors in which they’re predominant.
Warm hue
DEFINITION: a restorative modeling or surfacing material composed of beeswax, spermaceti, paraffin, starch, etc. & a pigment that will soften at body temperature & reflect light in a manner similar to normal skin.
Wax
DEFINITION: line of color change at the junction of the wet & dry portions of each mucous membrane.
Weather line
DEFINITION: the aspect of physical heaviness associated with different colors.
Weight
DEFINITION: color of pure snow; the color reflecting to the eye all of the rays of the spectrum combined; the opposite of black; an achromatic color; a neutral color.
White
DEFINITION: a ray of light which contains all the hues of the visible spectrum, in such proportion that the light appears colorless or “natural”; as daylight or sunlight.
White light
DEFINITION: the dimension of an object measured across from side to side.
Width
DEFINITION: lateral lobes of the nose.
Wings of the nose
DEFINITION: the length of wire employed to connect 2 structures which are undamaged such as remaining parts of a bone; a wire mesh placed within an aperture to hold other restorable fillers.
Wire bridging
DEFINITION: directional term, involving one side of the body.
Unilateral
DEFINITION: a method of sewing an incision along the edges without entering the opening whereby the suture becomes invisible & the line of suture becomes depressed, which lends it ease of concealment by waxing.
Worm suture (inversion suture, draw stitch)
DEFINITION: the processes on the temporal & zygomatic bones; determines the widest part of the face.
Zygomatic arch
DEFINITION: one of the lesser concavities of the face located on the lateral portion of the cheek inferior to the zygomatic arch.
Zygomatic arch depression
DEFINITION: bones of the cheeks.
Zygomatic bones
DEFINITION: the lateral rim of the eye socket formed by a process of the frontal bone & a process of the zygomatic bone.
Zygomaticofrontal process
DEFINITION: muscles of the face which draw the superior lip posteriorly & superiorly.
Zygomaticus major
DEFINITION: muscles of the face which draw the superior lip superiorly & anteriorly.
Zygomaticus minor
