NBDE II Flashcards
Which of the following is derived from the unsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes?
a. histamine
b. serotonin
c. prostaglandins
d. bradykinin
e. endorphins
C. Prostaglandins
What two medication types can block the formation of prostaglandins?
corticosteroids and NSAIDS
What is histamine synthesized from?
amino acid histidine
What is serotonin synthesized from?
amino acid tryptophan
What are endorphins synthesized from?
protein proopiomelanocortin POMC in the anterior pituitary gland
Each of the following methods can be used to control pain except one. Which is the exception?
a. cortical depression
b. psychosomatic hypnosis methods
c. raising the pain threshold
d. blocking sensory pathway
e. depression of the autonomic nervous system
E. depression of the autonomic nervous system
b/c it does not control pain
Which of the following is a major reason for adding vasoconstriction to local anesthetic injections?
a. to decrease bleeding
b. to reduce systemic toxicity
c. to enhance the onset of action
d. to decrease allergic reactions
e. to prolong the duration of the anesthesia
E. to prolong duration of anesthesia
Which of the following adverse reactions of oral contraceptives is the most common and the most serious?
a. hypertension
b. hepatotoxicity
c. uterine neoplasia
d. thromboembolic disorder
e. decreased resistance of infection
D. thromboembolic disorder
The supraspinal analgesic activity of morphine is mediated primarily through its influence upon which opioid receptor subtype?
a. Mu
b. Kappa
c. Delta
d. Sigma
e. Epsilon
A. Mu
In therapeutic doses, digitalis acts primarily on the cardiac muscle. It does so by increasing the
a. force of contraction
b. refractory period of the atrial muscle
c. refractory period of the ventricular muscle
d. rate of contraction of impulses to the muscle
A. force of contraction
Thiazides, which are used in the treatment of hypertension, may require supplemental administration of
a. sodium
b. chloride
c. calcium
d. potassium
D. potassium
Which of the following cranial nerves have parasympathetic activity?
a. II, III, VII, IX
b. II, V, IX, X
c. III, V, VII, IX
d. III, VII, IX, X
e. V, VII, VIII, X
D. III, VII, IX, X
Each of the following side effects can occur as a result of systemic absorption of lidocaine except one. Which is the exception?
a. increased gastric motility
b. tonic-clonic convulsions
c. decreased cardiac output
d. respiratory depression
A. increased gastric motility
Which of the following is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent w/ a tendency to produce blood dyscrasias? a. indomethacin b ibuprofen c. ketorolac d. acetaminophen e. aspirin
A. Indomethacin
Which of the following drugs is often intravenously to treat life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias
a. quinidine
b. lidocaine
c. verapamil
d. propanolol
B. lidocaine
