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NBCE General anatomy > NBCE Path > Flashcards

NBCE Path Flashcards

1
Q

All of the following are signs that a person has what disease?Huthchinson (notched) teethRhagades (cracks in the edge of mouth)Saddle noseSabre blade tibiaIterstitial keratitis

A

Congenital Syphillis

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2
Q

The lung disease Anthracosis has an aka and is found in Miners. What is the aka?

A

Black lung dz

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3
Q

This lung disease is sometimes called brown lung? (cotton dust)

A

Byssinosis

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4
Q

Fibers from aircraft manufacturing may cause this?

A

Berylliosis

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5
Q

Which lung disease is associated with iron dust?

A

Siderosis

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6
Q

What disease will lead to mesothelioma later in life?

A

Asbestosis

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7
Q

What pulmonary disease is related to silicosis?

A

TB

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8
Q

What disease may be more prevalent in sand blasters?

A

Silicosis

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9
Q

When pupils don’t react but accommodate?(prostitutes pupil)

A

Argyll Robertson Pupil

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10
Q

Tabes dorsalis (slappage gate), aortic aneurysm, Gummas and Argyll Roberston pupil

A

Tertiary syphillis

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11
Q

What condition causes a Chancroid?

A

Hemophylus ducrey

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12
Q

Green, Frothy, Fishy and Foul smelling discharge are indicative of?

A

Trichomonas/Gardenella

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13
Q

If the intestine telescopes onto itself, this is known as?

A

Intussusception

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14
Q

Twisting of an organ is known as?

A

Volvulus

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15
Q

Pt. x-rays show “Skip lesions” in the terminal illeum but does not have bloody feces?

A

Crohn’s

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16
Q

An absence of the myenteric plexus is causitive of a ______? AKA?

A

Congenital Megacolon

Aka: Hirschprungs

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17
Q

Bloody stool is an indicator for what condition?

A

Ulcerative colitis

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18
Q

Demyelnation in the PNS is known as? It produces a ________ paralysis?

A

Guillen Barre

Ascending Paralysis

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19
Q

Pseudohypertrophy of the calf mm. and Is recessive sex linked?This person will crawl up their body in order to stand. This is known as ______ sign?

A

Duchennes

Gowers Sign

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20
Q

Long Term Pernicious Anemia (vit. B12 deficiency) can cause this?Aka?

A

PLS (postero-latero-sclerosis

Aka: Combined Systems

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21
Q

Demyelination of the CNS? It’s a SIN to have_____?The SIN stands for 1.scanning speech 2. intention tremor 3. nystagmus. This is know as _______ triad?

A 
Multiple Sclerosis (M.S.)
Charcott’s Triad
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22
Q

Herniation of the brain stem through the foramen magnum. Also presents with a meningomyelocele?

A

Arnold Chiari

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23
Q

Cog wheel deformity, DOPAMINE problem, Lewy bodies, mask-face, resting tremors and festinating gate?

A

Parkinson’s

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24
Q

A deficiency of GABA. What disease?

A

Huntington’s Chorea

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25
Q

Opposite of Duchenne’s, this disease affects the tibialis anterior and peroneus mm.?

A

Charcot Marie Tooth

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26
Q

Mothers usually discover this “Salty Baby” syndrome caused by pseudomonas aureginosa?What test is used verify it?

A

Cystic Fibrosis

Sweat Test

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27
Q

Characterized by HEP (hypertension, edema and MASSIVE proteinuria)? Also, what color is the liver in this case?

A

Nephrotic Syndrome

Nutmeg color

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28
Q

45XO Karyotype, Webbed neck, Amenorhea?

A

Turners

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29
Q

Trisomy 21, flat hypoplastic face?Palmar crease known as a ________ crease?

A

Down’s

Simean Crease

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30
Q

What is the karyotype of a person with Kleinfelter’s?Also what are some characteristics?

A

47XXY

Testicular atrophy, tall and thin, gynecomastia, sterile and stupid (low IQ)

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31
Q

Lack of phenylalanine dehydrogenase. What disease?

A

PKU

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32
Q

Excess buildup of glycogen in the liver due to lack of an enzyme?

A

Von Gierke’s

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33
Q

What is the most common form of mental retardation?(2 X chromos and 1 Y)

A

Fragile X

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34
Q

Cherry red spots on the macula. Increase ganglioside in the brain?

A

Tay Sach’s

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35
Q

What is the m/c benign cardiac tumor?

A

Myxoma

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36
Q

Tumor of striated muscle?

A

Rhabdomyoma

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37
Q

Accumulation of HOMOgentisic acid?(Al the captain is a HOMO)

A

Alcaptonuria

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38
Q

This tumor starts in the GI tract and moves to the ovary?

A

Krukenberg’s

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39
Q

Tumor of the kidney in Children?

A

Wilm’s

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40
Q

A tumor infecting all 3 germ layers?

A

Teratoma

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41
Q

Tumor affecting glandular tissue?

A

Adenoma

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42
Q

What type of tumor is associated with warts?

A

Papilloma

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43
Q

Cancer in the testes?

A

Seminoma

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44
Q

Tumor or smooth muscle. Seen in uterus via fibroids?

A

Leiomyoma

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45
Q

Benign tumor of cartilage?

A

Chondroma

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46
Q

A yellowish tumor in connective tissue?

A

Xanthoma

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47
Q

Pre-cancerous, white patchy lesions on the oral mucosa that CANNOT be wiped off are called?

A

Leukoplakia

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48
Q

The lymph nodes that are located at the Left Supraclavicular area and are prone to metastisis from the GI tract?

A

Virchow’s

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49
Q

These WBC’s are increased with viral infection and chronic inflamation?

A

Lymphocytes

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50
Q

These Cells produce heparin, histamine, bradykinin and seratonin?What WBC is the precursor to the above cells?

A

Mast Cells

Basophils

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51
Q

Which WBC is elevated with bacterial infection and accute inflamation?

A

Neutrophils

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52
Q

Which WBC is elevated in an allergic reaction?

A

Eosinophils

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53
Q

Macrophage’s come from which WBC?

A

Monocyte

54
Q

Which WBC is elevated with a parasitic invasion?

A

Eosinophils

55
Q

Monocytes covert to __1__, then these are converted to __2__ which produce a lymphokine to produce __3__ which then make __4__ to make antibodies.

A
  1. Macrophage
  2. CD 4 cells
  3. B- lymphocytes
  4. Plasma cells
56
Q

What pneumonic is used to remember the NK cells?

hint: natural killer, 3 WBC’s

A

MEN

Monocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils

57
Q

The thickening, calcification and loss of elasticity in arterial walls is called?

A

Arteriosclerosis

58
Q

Calcification of the tunica media of medium sized vessels?

A

Monkenberg’s Sclerosis

59
Q

Hard rope-like arteries in the temporal area that are painful to touch might be indicative of this very serious condition?AKA?

A

Temporal Arteritis

Aka: Giant Cell Arteritis

60
Q

It’s a vasospasm of arteries and can occlude vessel causing a “Tri phasic color change” and lead to dry gangrene.

A

Raynaud’s

61
Q

Localized dilation of an artery?In the circle of willis, this is know as a ____?If it produces a longitudinal tearing of the aorta, it’s a ___?Degeneration of the vertebra causing LBP may be this type?

A

Aneurysm
Berry Anuerysm
Dissecting Aorta
Abdominal Aorta

62
Q

Pulseless disease is also known as?

A

Takayasu Arteritis

63
Q

What is the pneumonic for Tetralogy of Fallot?

A 
DRIP
Dextro rotation of the aorta
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Intraventricular Septal Defect
Pulmonic Stenosis
64
Q

The presence of a Reed Sternberg cell and a Pel Epstein fever that comes and goes may be indicative of?

A

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

65
Q

Key words: “Starry Sky, Young African child, Jaw Swelling?

A

Burkitt’s Lymphoma

66
Q

Decreased IgG, Decrease B cells?

A

Bruton’s Agammaglobulinemia

67
Q

Which Leukemia has the worst prognosis?

A

AML (acute myeloblastic)

68
Q

Which leukemia is m/c seen in children?

A

ALL (acute lymphoblastic)

69
Q

Congenital hypoplasia of the Thymus gland causing a T cell deficiency?

A

Di George’s

70
Q

An increase in RBC’s is called?(can be due to altitude, blood doping, etc.)

A

Polycythemia

71
Q

Low platelets in the blood?

A

Thrombocytopenia

72
Q

Which leukemia has a “Philadelphia chromosome”?

A

CML

Chronic Myelocytic

73
Q

What substance is thought to be released by damaged cells from injury?

A

Thromboplastin

74
Q

Which substance convertes Fibrinogen into Fibrin?

A

Thrombin

75
Q

Gonococcal and Hemophiliatic Arthritis affect which joint?

A

Knee

76
Q

Ig that lines the respiratory tract?What type of reaction is it seen with?

A

IgE

Type I - Anaphylactic

77
Q

Ig that crosses the placenta?Seen in which type of reaction?Is the first seen in a ____ response?

A

IgG
Type III – Immune
Secondary

78
Q

Key words: detached retina, long fingers?

A

Marfan’s

79
Q

Chronic R.A with splenomegaly is known as ___ syndrome?

A

Felty’s

80
Q

Glomerular nephritis may be significant for?

A

Nephritic Syndrome

81
Q

What is the m/c cause of gall stones?

A

Cholecystikitis

82
Q

Which Ig antibody is most abundantly circulating in the blood?

A

IgG

83
Q

What TYPE of collagen fibers make up the IVD?

A

Type II

84
Q

: Dry eyes (xeropthalmia) and dry mouth (xerostomia)?

A

Sjogrens

85
Q

: projectile vomitting?

A

Pyloric Stenosis

86
Q

A lack of Auerbachs plexus causing a megaesophogus is called?

A

Achalasia

Aka: esophogeal spasm

87
Q

This type of thyrotoxicosis (hypo) is m/c seen in women under 40 YOA?

A

Graves

88
Q

The term recanalization refers to a ______?

A

Thrombus

89
Q

Resting tremors and damage to the substantia nigra are seen in?

A

Parkinsons

90
Q

Megaloblastic anemia is caused by a _____ deficiency?

A 
B-12
If B9 (Folate) is an answer, choose it though!!
91
Q

The #2 neoplasia seen in an AIDS pt. is?

A

Non-Hodgkins.

#1 is Kaposi’s sarcoma

92
Q

Degenerative diseases that affect the CN Nuclei?

A

Progressive Bulbar Palsy

93
Q

BP higher in Upper extremities and low in lower extremities, may be a sign of? (normal would be opposite)

A

Coarctation of the Aorta

94
Q

Fatty liver, Edema and atrophy of the small bowel are characteristic of?

A

Kwashiorkor

95
Q

Congenital megacolon is associated with which disease?

A

Hirshprungs

96
Q

Which disease can cause 2ndary orchitis in post pubescent males?

A

Mumps

97
Q

Hemorrhage in the reticular formation of the brain can lead to what?Hemorrhage in the reticular formation of the brain can lead to what?

A

Coma

98
Q

A berry aneurysm will cause what type of hemorrhage?

A

Sub-Arachnoid

99
Q

Damage to the temporal lobe could rupture the middle meningeal artery. This would cause what type of hemorrhage?

A

Epidural

100
Q

The only place a thrombus may be found in a vein is in which body part? Which veins specifically?

A

Leg

Deep Veins

101
Q

What is the most common malignant tumor of the large intestine?

A

Adenocarcinoma

102
Q

Carcinoma will least likely spread to the _____?

A

Skeletal Muscle

Liver, Lung, Bone and Brain are most common

103
Q

Dislocation of the cornea is seen in which diseas?

A

Wilson’s

104
Q

Delayed healing of wounds may be significant for a deficiency of which vitamin?

A

Zinc

105
Q

M/C deadly cancer in males and females?

A

Lungs

106
Q

The first site of pathology for osteoarthritis is?

A

Articular Cartilage

107
Q

An increase in Ach Receptors could cause?

A

Tetany

108
Q

Loss of braking skills, the lack of ability to stop forward movement of the hand when reaching for something results from blockage of?

A

Cerebellum

109
Q

Subacute panaencephalitis is a rare sequel to?

A

Measels

110
Q

The substrate of a fully differentiated cell type to another is known as?

A

Metaplasia

111
Q

Serum sickness is an example of?

A

Immune complex

112
Q

What causes hoarseness associated with carcinoma in the apex of the lung?

A

Laryngeal nerve damage

113
Q

Intercranial calcification occurs M/C in?

A

Oligiodendroglioma

114
Q

Endemic fungus on eastern seaboard

A

Blastomyosis

115
Q

Sputum of asthma

A

Curschmann’s spirals

Charcot Leyden crystals

116
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis

A

Honeycomb lung

117
Q

Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency

A

Emphysema

118
Q

Too much aldosterone

A

Conn’s dz

119
Q

Too much cortisol

A

Cushing’s

120
Q

Goiter and pregnant uterus cell types

A

Hyperplasia

121
Q

PCCE to Stratified squamous in smoker

A

Metaplasia

122
Q

Complete disorganization of cell

A

Anaplasia

123
Q

Change in cell size, shape or cell function

A

Dysplasia

124
Q

Type of collagen in early wound healing

A

Type 3

125
Q

Adie’s pupil

A

Dialation-Mydriasis d/t CN III EW lesion

126
Q

Triad: Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly

A

Budd-chiari

127
Q

Mcc of death of children worldwide d/t dehydration from diarrhea

A

Enteritis

128
Q

Plummer Vinson sx

A

Iron deficiency anemia

Esophageal webbing

129
Q

Toxic megacolon
Bloody diarrhea
LLQ
Lead pipe regidity

A

Ulcerative colitis

130
Q

Worst prognosis brain tumor

A

Glioblastoma multiform

131
Q

MC children brain tumor

A

Medulloblastoma

132
Q

Friedreich’s ataxia

A

Spincocerebellar tract lesion
Chromosome 9
Neurofibrillary tangles

NBCE General anatomy (2 decks)

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