NB Medicine

Question 1

These are small white papules on an erythematous base usually appearing 1-3 days after birth and contains eosinophils.

Answer 1

Erythema Toxicum

Question 2

These are lesions seen mostly on black neonates, these contains neutrophils.

Answer 2

Pustular Melanosis

Question 3

True or false:
Breathing of NB of infants are entirely diaphragmatic.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

True or false:
Breathing of NB of infants are entirely diaphragmatic.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Heat energy is lost to the cooler surrounding air.

Answer 5

Convection

Question 6

Heat is lost to the colder materials touching the infant.

Answer 6

Conduction

Question 7

Heat loss of the infant to other near cooler objects.

Answer 7

Heat Radiation

Question 8

Heat loss thru skin and the lungs.

Answer 8

Evaporation

Question 9

There is a 5g/dL hemoglobin and 20% body weight differences.

Answer 9

Fetal Transfusion Syndrome

Question 10

This is associated with decreased insulin production or insulin action at the receptor level

Answer 10

IUGR

Question 11

It is a complex interaction between the development of the cerebral vasculature and the regulation of cerebral blood flow, disturbances in the oligodendrocyte precursors required for myelination and maternal/fetal infection and/or inflammation.

Answer 11

Periventricular Leukomalacia

Question 12

It is a complex interaction between the development of the cerebral vasculature and the regulation of cerebral blood flow, disturbances in the oligodendrocyte precursors required for myelination and maternal/fetal infection and/or inflammation.

Answer 12

Periventricular Leukomalacia

Question 13

Surfactant is present in fetal lung by which age of gestation?

Answer 13

20 Weeks AOG

Question 14

Surfactant appears in amniotic fluid in which time of gestation?

Answer 14

28 and 32 Weeks AOG

Question 15

Mature level of surfactant are presenr at which time?

Answer 15

After 35 Weeks AOG

Question 16

Caused by decreased lung compliance, small tidal volumes, increased physiologic dead space and insufficient alveolar ventilation.

Answer 16

Hypercapnia

Question 17

Classic BPD:

Answer 17

Acute Lung Injury
Exudative Bronchiolitis
Proliferative Bronchiolitis
Obliterative Fibroproliferative Bronchiolitis

Question 18

It is believed to be secondary to slow absorption of fetal lung fluid resulting in decreased pulmonary compliance and tidal volume and increased dead space.

Answer 18

Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn

Question 19

In CXR of NB with respiratory distress, there are patchy infiltrates, coarse streaking of both lung fields, increased AP diameter, and flattening of the diaphragm

Answer 19

Meconium Aspiration

Question 20

This congenital diaphragmatic hernia refers to a posterolateral defect of the diaphragm.

Answer 20

Bochdalek

Question 21

This is caused by failure of the sternal and crural portions of the diaphragm to meet and fuse, usually an anteromedial diaphragmatic defect.

Answer 21

Morgagni Hernia

Question 22

Triad: Interstitial ischemia, enteral nutrition and bacterial translocation

Answer 22

Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Question 23

Most common life-threatening emergency of the GIT of the NB period.

Answer 23

NEC

Question 24

The greatest risk factor for NEC

Answer 24

Prematurity

Question 25

True or False:
Bilirubin peaks on the 2nd to 4th day at 5-6mg/dL and decreasing to less than 2mg/dL between the 5th and 7th days of life.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Deposition of unconjugated bilirubin in tbe basal ganglia and brainstem nuclei.

Answer 26

Kernicterus

Question 27

Primary structural defect arising from a localized error of morphogenesis.

Answer 27

Malformation

Question 28

Refers to an abnormal organization of cells into tissues.

Answer 28

Dysplasia

Question 29

An alteration in shape or structure or organ that has differentiated normally.

Answer 29

Deformation

Question 30

A structural defect resulting from the destruction of a structure that had formed normally before the insult

Answer 30

Disruption

Question 31

Multiple abnormalities that are related by pathophysiology and result from a common, defined etiology.

Answer 31

Syndrome

Question 32

Consists of multiple malformations that are caused by single event that can have many etiologies.

Answer 32

Sequence

Question 33

A non random collection of malformations which there is an unclear relationship that do not fit the criteria for a syndrome

Answer 33

Association

Question 34

The most common source of postnatal infection in hospitalized NB?

Answer 34

Hand contamination