Nazi : social issues Flashcards
How did the Nazis view women?
Nazi adopted Kinder, Küche, Kirche slogan but stressed the idea of women producing the right Aryan children
-said that women were equal to men but physically different and saw family units as too individualistic
What was the idea of Eugenics?
Nazis believed ideas about eugenics that could encourage ‘pure’ germans to breed and passed laws to stop the wrong types of breeding
e.g. 31 Dec 1931: SS marriage order states members of SS can only marry Aryan women
-Eugenics= controlling reproduction means healthier population
What law in 1935 was put in place to prevent ‘impure breeding’?
18th Oct 1935: Law for the protection of Hereditary Health of German people (certificate required to prove neither couple is genetically or racially impure
What benefits were given to married couples?
marriage loans to encourage them to marry
Help with school fees and transport fares
‘Suitable’ poor families were given RM 100 per child
Lebensborn programme: aimed to produce healthy Aryan children as selected SS men were encouraged to mate with as many different ‘racially pure’ women as possible
Laws in 1933 that removed so called ‘impure people’ from breeding?
14th July: Law for prevention of Offspring with Hereditary disease
- was possible to sterilise people who had mental and physical disabilities
- extended to women who had several sexual partners and illegitimate children + female alcoholics
Impact of Nazi policies on women
large number of women lost their jobs; single women still found work, usually domestic, shop work (excluded from highest levels of work)
–> skilled professionals were expected to work in lower sectors
Women who were considered to be racially suitable and wanted to be wives were given higher level of health care and higher status
- mother of dead soldiers were honoured on occasions like mother day
Impact of WW2 on women
Women were urged to join war work + more childcare was provided ( NSV had 31 K kindergardens and creches by end of 1942)
- total no of women in workforce went up by 27% 1933-1939 which was just 2% percent between 1939-1944
How did Nazis view children in terms of the future of the empire?
valuable resource to be educated to become good nazis
- state school structures stayed in place but private primary school education was abolished
-free paying secondary and unis stayed
- heavy emphasis on physical education
What was the NSLB?
National socialist Teachers league in April 1929
- Jan 1933 6k members + undesirable teachers were purged by law of April 1933
24th sept 1935: decree gave nazis control over appointments
1937: impossible to get job unless not in union (97% joined)
–> ran courses to absorb ideas that they were expected to teach (teaching was not a very popular profession)
What was the most important role of teachers and the school system?
to teach loyalty to Hitler and Germany/ physical fitness/ racial purity
- 1935: stream of central directives that covered all uears in education and all subjects
- 15% of curriculum was fitness
How were children indoctrinated in school?
- History focused on creating Volksgemeinschaft (sense of nationhood)
-censored textbooks with some being burnt and other simply mutiliated - printed booklets that focused on new areas like racial purity, teaching aryans as a superior race
–> slavs being inferior and Jews being the source of all problems
Hitler youth movements outside of school
Boys:
Pimpfen (Little folk) till 6
Jungvolk (Youngsters) at 10
Hitler Jungend (Hitler youth) 14-18
Girls:
Jungmadel (Young girls) at 10
Bund Deutsches Madel ( BDM) aged 14 +)
Glaube und Schöneit (fAITH AND beauty) 17-20
Nazi Cultural censoring
1933 May 10th Nazi organised the mass burning of around 25K books that were unsound e.g. Jewish books
What was the RKK?
Reichskulturkammer: set up by Joseph gOEBBELS TO CONTROL ALL OF CREATIVE ARTS, STOPPING CULTURE BEING ‘ELITIST’ AND BRINGING IT TO EVERYONE
- Nazis idealised simple rural life and healthy farmers
How were people involved in culture through Strength through Joy
trips to theatres, Opera and art galleries/ museums
to educate people on strong, healthy and physically perfect Aryans