Nazi Germany KEY DATES

Question 1

January 30th 1933

Answer 1

Adolf Hitler is appointed 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗼𝗿 𝗼𝗳 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘆.

Question 2

February 27th 1933

Answer 2

𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗶𝗰𝗵𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗴 𝗳𝗶𝗿𝗲 - the Nazi leadership and its coalition partners used the fire to claim that Communists were planning a violent uprising. They claimed that emergency legislation was needed to prevent this. The resulting act, commonly known as the Reichstag Fire Decree, abolished a number of constitutional protections and paved the way for Nazi dictatorship.

Question 3

February 28th 1933

Answer 3

𝗥𝗲𝗶𝗰𝗵𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗴 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝗲 𝗗𝗲𝗰𝗿𝗲𝗲 - Nazis exploited the Reichstag fire to secure President Hindenburg’s approval for an emergency decree.

The Reichstag Fire Decree 𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗶𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗺𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝗮𝗿𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗲𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗽𝗼𝗹𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗼𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗻𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘂𝘁 𝘀𝗽𝗲𝗰𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰 𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗴𝗲, dissolve political organisations, and to suppress publications. Gave the central government the authority to overrule state and local laws and overthrow state and local governments. THE DECREE WAS A KEY STEP IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NAZI DICTATORSHIP.

Question 4

March 5th 1933

Answer 4

An election is called.

Question 5

March 22nd 1933

Answer 5

The SS establishes 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗗𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗮𝘂 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗰𝗮𝗺𝗽 - the first concentration camp built by Nazi Germany.

Question 6

March 24th 1933

Answer 6

The Reichstag passed 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝗻𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗔𝗰𝘁 by 444 votes to 84 votes. The SPD voted against it.

Question 7

April 1st 1933

Answer 7

Members of the Nazi Party and its affiliated organizations organize 𝗮 𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘄𝗶𝗱𝗲 𝗯𝗼𝘆𝗰𝗼𝘁𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗝𝗲𝘄𝗶𝘀𝗵-𝗼𝘄𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝗯𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘆 - marked the beginning of a nationwide campaign by the Nazi Party against Jews in Germany that would culminate in the Holocaust.

Question 8

April 7th 1933

Answer 8

The German government issues 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗮𝘄 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗳𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗶𝘃𝗶𝗹 𝗦𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗰𝗲, which excludes Jews and other political opponents of the Nazis from all civil service positions.

Question 9

April 25th 1933

Answer 9

The German government issues 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗮𝘄 𝗮𝗴𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘀𝘁 𝗢𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗰𝗿𝗼𝘄𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝗻 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗨𝗻𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀, which dramatically limits the number of Jewish students attending public schools.

Question 10

May 2nd 1933

Answer 10

𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲 𝘂𝗻𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗲𝘀 𝘁𝗮𝗸𝗲𝗻 𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝗯𝘆 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝗔 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗦𝗦 and many union leaders arrested and sent to concentration camps.

All trade unions were merged into one organisation, the new German Labour Front (DAF)

Question 11

May 10th 1933

Answer 11

𝗕𝗼𝗼𝗸 𝗕𝘂𝗿𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 - books deemed “un-German” are publicly burned throughout Germany.

Question 12

July 14th 1933

Answer 12

The Nazi leadership passed 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗮𝘄 𝗮𝗴𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘀𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗡𝗲𝘄 𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀 - Germany became a one-party dictatorship as all parties except the Nazi Party were banned or pressured into dissolving themselves

Question 13

July 14th 1933

Answer 13

The German government passes the “𝗟𝗮𝘄 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗢𝗳𝗳𝘀𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗲𝗮𝘀𝗲𝘀” - a new German law mandates the forced sterilization of certain individuals with physical and mental disabilities.

Question 14

October 4th 1933

Answer 14

𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘀 𝗟𝗮𝘄 forbids non-“Aryans” to work in journalism.

Question 15

November 24th 1933

Answer 15

The German government passes a “𝗟𝗮𝘄 𝗮𝗴𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘀𝘁 𝗗𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗿𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗛𝗮𝗯𝗶𝘁𝘂𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗿𝗶𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹𝘀.” The new law allows courts to order the indefinite imprisonment of “habitual criminals” if they deem the person dangerous to society

Question 16

January 30th 1934

Answer 16

The “𝗟𝗮𝘄 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗶𝗰𝗵” was passed, which abolished the Länder (local governments) altogether and brought them under central control.

Question 17

June 29th-30th 1934

Answer 17

𝗡𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗟𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝗞𝗻𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀 - Hitler orders a violent purge of the top leadership of the Nazi Party paramilitary formation, the SA. Hitler directs the SS to murder SA Chief of Staff Ernst Röhm and his top commanders. The SS also murders several conservative critics of the Nazi regime including Hitler’s predecessor as Chancellor, General Kurt von Schleicher.

Question 18

August 2nd 1934

Answer 18

𝗣𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗛𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗻𝗯𝘂𝗿𝗴 𝗱𝗶𝗲𝘀. Hitler becomes President of Germany.

Question 19

August 19th 1934

Answer 19

Hitler abolishes the office of President and 𝗱𝗲𝗰𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗲𝘀 𝗵𝗶𝗺𝘀𝗲𝗹𝗳 𝗙ü𝗵𝗿𝗲𝗿 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗚𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻 𝗥𝗲𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗣𝗲𝗼𝗽𝗹𝗲, in addition to his position as Chancellor. In this expanded capacity, Hitler now becomes the absolute DICTATOR OF GERMANY, there are no legal or constitutional limits to his authority.

Question 20

August 1934

Answer 20

The German army aligns itself behind the Nazi regime and 𝘁𝗼𝗼𝗸 𝗮𝗻 𝗼𝗮𝘁𝗵 𝗼𝗳 𝗽𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗹𝗼𝘆𝗮𝗹𝘁𝘆 𝘁𝗼 𝗛𝗶𝘁𝗹𝗲𝗿.

Question 21

June 28th 1935

Answer 21

The German Ministry of Justice revises Paragraphs 175 and 175a of the German criminal code. The revision facilitates the systematic persecution of homosexual men and provides police with broader means for prosecuting them.

Question 22

September 15th 1935

Answer 22

The German parliament passes the 𝗡𝘂𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗴 𝗥𝗮𝗰𝗲 𝗟𝗮𝘄𝘀. Consisted of two pieces of legislation: the Reich Citizenship Law and the Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor.

The laws herald a new wave of antisemitic legislation that brings immediate and concrete segregation, institutionalizing many of the racial theories underpinning Nazi ideology and providing the legal framework for the systematic persecution of Jews in Germany.

Question 23

August 1st 1936

Answer 23

𝗢𝗹𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗶𝗰 𝗚𝗮𝗺𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻 𝗕𝗲𝗿𝗹𝗶𝗻 - the Nazi dictatorship camouflages its racist, militaristic character while hosting the Summer Olympics. A propaganda success for the Nazi government.

Question 24

November 8th 1937

Answer 24

𝗔𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘀𝗲𝗺𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗘𝘅𝗵𝗶𝗯𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗻𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗠𝘂𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗵 - Goebbels, Reich propaganda minister, and Julius Streicher, editor of the antisemitic newspaper Der Stürmer (The Attacker) open the antisemitic exhibition Der Ewige Jude (The Eternal Jew) at the library of the German Museum in Munich, Germany.

The exhibition depicted stereotypical images of Jews to illustrate charges of a Jewish world conspiracy against Germany and links between Judaism and communism.

A traveling exhibition, it was shown in Berlin, Vienna, and various other German cities.

Question 25

November 9th 1938

Answer 25

𝗞𝗿𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗻𝗮𝗰𝗵𝘁 - in a nationwide pogrom called Kristallnacht, members of the Nazi Party and other Nazi formations burn synagogues, loot Jewish homes and businesses, and kill at least 91 Jews.

Question 26

November 12th 1938

Answer 26

German government issues the 𝗗𝗲𝗰𝗿𝗲𝗲 𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝗹𝗶𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗝𝗲𝘄𝘀 𝗳𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗘𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗼𝗺𝗶𝗰 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲 - bars Jews from operating retail stores, sales agencies, and from carrying on a trade. The law also forbids Jews from selling goods or services at an establishment of any kind.

Question 27

May 20th 1940

Answer 27

The 𝗔𝘂𝘀𝗰𝗵𝘄𝗶𝘁𝘇 𝗰𝗮𝗺𝗽 𝗶𝘀 𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵𝗲𝗱 - SS authorities establish the largest concentration camp complex of the Nazi regime.

Question 28

September 1st 1941

Answer 28

All Jews over six years of age in the Reich, Alsace, Bohemia-Moravia and the German–annexed territory of western Poland, are ordered 𝘁𝗼 𝘄𝗲𝗮𝗿 𝗮𝗻 𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗳𝘆𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘆𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗼𝘄 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗿 𝗼𝗳 𝗗𝗮𝘃𝗶𝗱 𝗯𝗮𝗱𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗶𝗿 𝗼𝘂𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗰𝗹𝗼𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝗻 𝗽𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗰 𝗮𝘁 𝗮𝗹𝗹 𝘁𝗶𝗺𝗲𝘀. They used the badge not only to stigmatize and humiliate Jews but also to segregate them, to watch and control their movements, and to prepare for deportation.