Nazi Germany

Question 1

Volk

Answer 1

A connected group of people; biologically and ethnically; being a member of the German Volk was extremely important

Question 2

Volksgemeinschaft

Answer 2

Nazi idea of n ational community

Question 3

Kultur

Answer 3

Culture that can’t be separated from the people

Question 4

Heimat

Answer 4

“Home”; an idealized vision of Germany with an attachment to nature and a sentimental attachment to the homeland

Question 5

Sonderweg

Answer 5

“A special way”; Germany was not established until 1871; it was a belated nation

Question 6

Fuhrerprinzip

Answer 6

1925 “leader principle”; Hitler was seen as the one infalliable leader

Question 7

Paul Von Hindenburg

Answer 7

Militray commander on the East Front (war of movement) during WWI; ditator of German politics since Aug. 1916; won eastern war with the treaty of Brest-Litovsk in 1918

Question 8

“Spirit of 1914”

Answer 8

The idea that the war was a regenerating force for the volk; idea that a short victorious war can unify a nation; Wilhelm II eager to go to war

Question 9

Article 48

Answer 9

“Emergency clause” (1919); when the president and the state can’t function the president can take all power; only supposed to be used in extreme situations

Question 10

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 10

(June 1918); loss of imperial power and land; military membership depleted; Article 231 “war guilt terrorist” says that WWI is Germany’s fault

Question 11

Stab in the back myth

Answer 11

Developed by the army; said the civilians lost the war and undermined the army; placed the blame on minorities

Question 12

Beer Hall Putsch

Answer 12

Nov. 1923; Hitler arrested for attempting to overthrow the government; had time to consider how to overthrow from within

Question 13

Center Party

Answer 13

Catholic minorities

Question 14

SPD

Answer 14

Social democrats; moderate left; largest party since Wilhelm

Question 15

KPD

Answer 15

The communist party developed in Janurary 1919; said society was fundamentally flawed; far left politics; hopeful ideology

Question 16

NSDAP

Answer 16

National socialist German worker’s party; Founded by Anton Drexler in 1919 as the German Worker’s party; name changed in 1920

Question 17

fascism

Answer 17

Political behavior marked with obsessive preoccupation with community decline; abandon democratic liberties; violence without restraint; internal cleansing with external expansion

Question 18

Anti- Semitism

Answer 18

Nazi hatred of Jews

Question 19

Ernst Rohm

Answer 19

Leader of the Nazi party; executed the Night of Long Knives

Question 20

SS

Answer 20

Started as Hitler’s personal guard in 1925; self proclaimed racial elite; sppm became in charge of all

Question 21

Henreich Bruning

Answer 21

Leader of the Center party from 1930-1932;

Question 22

Max von Papen

Answer 22

Chancellor in 1932; Made authoritarian rule more appealing to the elite

Question 23

Kurt von Schleicher

Answer 23

Chancellor before Hitler

Question 24

Machtergreifung

Answer 24

Nazi seizure of power; Hitler appointed chancellor on Jan. 30, 1933; won by fair and foul means

Question 25

Reichstag fire

Answer 25

Attack on the Reichstag building in Feb. 1933

Question 26

Enabling act

Answer 26

Passed on March 23, 1933; made the constitution VOID for and indefinite period of time; shows the true state of Nazi dictatorship

Question 27

Night of Long Knives

Answer 27

In 1934 when a series of political murders was carried out by the Nazis

Question 28

Gleichschaltung

Answer 28

“Coordination” of the German society in the spring of 1933; legal groundwork for Hitler to take over

Question 29

Aryanization

Answer 29

By 1938 70% of jewish businesses were Aryanized; forced explusion of jewish business owners

Question 30

Law for the restoration of a professional civil service

Answer 30

April 7, 1933; Hitler removed any civil servant he wanted including Jews

Question 31

Nuremburg Laws

Answer 31

Created in September 1935 to ban mixed marriages and ensure racial purity; German Jews lost citizenship

Question 32

concentration camp

Answer 32

Places where the Nazis could bypass the judiciary system legally; first one in Dachau in 1933; staffed and administered by the SS

Question 33

Reichfurher- SS

Answer 33

Highest rank of the SS; Himmler held the title from 1929 to 1945

Question 34

Ministry of Propaganda and Enlightenment

Answer 34

Created in March 1933 intended to cause repetition as well as educate about Nazi ideas

Question 35

Strength through Joy

Answer 35

Leisure organization used to break the class divide

Question 36

Asocials

Answer 36

People who were considered “hereditary feebleminded” and could be sterilized

Question 37

compulsory sterilization

Answer 37

Done to people who were considered “feebleminded”

Question 38

remilitarization of the Rhineland

Answer 38

In 1936 the Nazis reoccupied the Rhineland; should have been a warning sign for Britain and France

Question 39

Anschluss

Answer 39

(1938)-Germany annexed Austria; rare example of genuine public, anti semitism

Question 40

Night of Broken Glass

Answer 40

November 1938, for 36 hours the government gave open sanction for violence against Jews; destruction of property

Question 41

Hitler-Stalin Pact

Answer 41

August 1939; signed with the liklihood of war between both; delay of conflict for their benefit

Question 42

Blitzkreig

Answer 42

Use of Air and tank techniques combined

Question 43

Lend-lease

Answer 43

The U.S. supplied the allied nations with materials between 1941-45