nazi germany

Question 1

what was the kaisers came who abdicated

Answer 1

kaiser wilhelm II

Question 2

what did germany become after WWI

Answer 2

became a democratic republic

Question 3

when was the weimar republic created?

Answer 3

in january 1919

Question 4

the weimar republic strength vs weaknesses

Answer 4

strengths

• democracy
• bill of rights (equality)
• women were able to vote

weaknesses

• president had too much power
• weimar republic wasnt choice of peope
• lack of clear policies
• president could pass law without consulting reichstag

Question 5

what treaty was signed by who and when

Answer 5

the treaty of Versailles was signed in 1919 june after WWI by ebert

Question 6

what was the spartacist revolt?

Answer 6

in january 1919, the people were unhappy with the weimar republic and communists led by rosa luxemburh and karl liebknecht led a revolt. 50,000 workers went on strike. ebert had to get the help of the right wing soldiers, the freikorps to stop the rebelion

Question 7

what was the kapp putsch

Answer 7

in march 1920, the right wing also has a revolt on the government and the freikorps themselves, led by wolfgang kapp tried to overthrowthe government in berlin.

Question 8

what areas did france and belgium occupy and why

Answer 8

by 1923, germany could no longer pay reperartions as agreed to in the treaty, so instead their land was taken over. The ruhr which was the richest industrial part of germany with coal and iron reserves was occupied.

Question 9

how did stressemen help germany?

Answer 9

• created a new currency which solved the hyperinflation
• ended the strike in Ruhr
• created the great coalition which was a group of socialist parties who could agree and make quicker decisions.

Question 10

what and when was the dawes plan

Answer 10

in 1924
USa loaned germany 800 million gold marks.
annual reperations were reduced

Question 11

what was the young plan and when

Answer 11

in 1929, reperations were reduced by 67%

and germany was given more time to repay it, until 1988

Question 12

problems with the golden years

Answer 12

• new president of hindenburg in 1925 and was a big move to the right side
• stability was water thin and people still blamed government for signing treaty
• reliant on foreign loans

Question 13

changes of the golden years

Answer 13

• unemployment insurance was introduced
• period of creativity, innovantion and freedom of expression. artists broke out of traditional styles.
• women had a lot more freedom ith sports, and social activities and ways of dressing.

Question 14

4 new styles of art

Answer 14

• expressionism
• Bauhaus movement
• modernism
• new objectivism

Question 15

changes for women in the golden years

Answer 15

women had right to vote and by 1932 were in the reichstag.
marriage was an equal partnership.
birth rate falling, divorce rate rising.
by 1918, 75% of women were in work, doing jobs previously owned by men

Question 16

changes for women in the golden years

Answer 16

women had right to vote and by 1932 were in the reichstag.
marriage was an equal partnership.
birth rate falling, divorce rate rising.
by 1918, 75% of women were in work, doing jobs previously owned by men

Question 17

when did hitler join the german workers party (nationalist party)

Answer 17

he joined the party in january 1919 when he was just an ex soldier. he was recognised for his talent in speaking and became the leader by 1920. the party was anti-semitic and opposed the weimar republic.

Question 18

key nazi ideas

Answer 18

• social dawism
  idea that the aryan race is superior, that jews were subhuman, the idea of ‘survival of the fittest’ over equality
• fuhrer
  idea that there should be single leader who had most power. no democracy. like god basically
• autarky
  germany should be economically self sufficiant. no loans.
• lebensraum
  the need for ‘living space’ and tying to expand germanies land.

Question 19

what was the Munich putsch

Answer 19

in november 1923, hitlers soldiers occupied a beer hall and announced a revolution had begun. hitler marched into munich the next day with the storm troopers and police were waiting and revolt collapsed.

Question 20

consequences of munich putsch

Answer 20

• hitler was put in prison (whcih ultimatley gave him more publicity) and where he wrote his book ‘mein kampf’
• the NSDAP was banned
• a violent uprising had failed and hitler realised he needed democracy on his side to succeed

Question 21

how did the nazi party change after the munich putsch

Answer 21

• the party was organised like a mini state with hitler as leader.
• set up nazi orginisations like hitler youth, german womens order etc.
• hitler didnt appoint a gaue but instead let the strongest rise
• SA increased to 400,000 members who were loyal to ernt rohm. hitler organised SS who were loyal to him and carefully picked members he trusted.

Question 22

when did the wall street crash happen?

Answer 22

in october 1929

Question 23

consequences of wall street crash

Answer 23

• germanies economy also crashed as they relied so heavily on america for economic aid
• million of germans went unemployed over 6 million
• support for the nazis rose as people became desperate

Question 24

why did the nazi’s gain so much power after the great depression

Answer 24

• hitler was a very good public speaker
• he appealed to all sorts of people
• they rejected the weimar republic and blamed them
• he had military power and preformed marches to intimidate people

Question 25

how did hitler become chancellor?

Answer 25

by 1932, countries economic situation had worsened and people were desperate - hindenburg was running for a re election of vice president and franz von papen got it. he was later dismissed and replaced with kurt von schleicher in the same year. franz made a deal with hitler and he manipulated and brain washed hidenburg into appointing hitler chancellor

Question 26

what kind of dirty tricks did the nazi party use?

Answer 26

- in 1933 the nazis raided the communist head quarters and claimed they found evidence that they were plotting against them. their party was banned. - used the reichstag fire to also blame the communists and jews - hidenburg issued a decree to allow hitler to use emergency powers to deal with problems and hitler used them to get rid of democracy. freedom of speech was suspended. -

Question 27

what and when was the enabling act?

Answer 27

set up in 1933 and allowed hitler to govern for 4 years without parliament which allowed him to pass laws and make desicions without consulting the reichtsag.

Question 28

what and when was the night of the long knives

Answer 28

- hitler was beginning to feel threatend by the SA were over 3 million strong. - he used the excuse of the SA wanting to seize power and that they were betrayers. - he killed 400 men, leader rohm and many others at a meeting he arranged at a hotel. - happened in june 1934.

Question 29

when did hindenburg die and what was the consequence

Answer 29

hinden burg died in august 1934 and hitler used it to combine the posts of chancellor with president and name himself the fuhrer.

Question 30

who was in charge of 1)propoganda 2)police

Answer 30

1) joseph goebbeles | 2) himmler

Question 31

what is a police state

Answer 31

everything is controlled by the police who have complete power and can do anything.

Question 32

effects of the police state

Answer 32

- hitler used threat of violence to force public into submission - used the enabling act in 1933 to read peoples mail, listen to phone calls, raid houses etc.

Question 33

how did the nazis modify the justice system?

Answer 33

- abolished trial by jurys, only judges could decide - hitler set up peoples court were opposers were heard in secret sometimes by hitler himself - no right to appeal - all judges had to be members of the nationalist socialist league - judges were instructed that in court they should always be biased to the nazis.

Question 34

how did the nazis use propaganda?

Answer 34

- used public rallies which million attended to make hitler look powerful - sporting events like the olympics were used to show off wealth and power of germany - modern art was banned and no german music was also banned. school textbooks rewritten to make germany look good - created the hitler myth to make him seem like a god - censorship was used to ensure people only heard nazi ideaology and slowy brain wash them. famous book burnings held - over 9 million radios sold and put in every home, had a radio warden to check you were listening to hitlers speeches. Radios had short signal meaning they couldnt pick up other countries

Question 35

name 3 individuals/ groups who opposed hitler

Answer 35

the edelweiss pirates - resented the military discipline and dressing stereotypes. wanted freedom. they would attack hitler youth and mocked nazis. but they werent a political threat to nazis just annoyance. - martin niemoller was a christian who opposed hitler due to religious views. he set up PEL a compaing against nazis actions. however he was arested by the gestapo and sent to a concentration camp - swing youth were a group of youth who oppose hitler just due to personal reasons such as music, fashion etc. they didnt really do much except just break traditional views nazis had.

Question 36

who did germany use the church?

Answer 36

- hitler reached an agreement with the catholic pope that he wouldnt intervene in freedoms if they didnt interfere in politics - in the protestant church, he turned it into the reich church putting up the nazi swastika in place of the cross and getting them to read book like mein kampf instead of the bible.