Nazi Control Of The Youth Flashcards
What does indoctrination mean?
Teaching someone to unquestioningly follow a set of beliefs
Why was indoctrination of youths important for the Nazis?
They will become loyal, committed Nazis that will follow propaganda easily and do as they say
Why did the Nazis want boys to be educated?
To be ready to fight for Hitler and Germany
Why did the Nazis want girls to be educated?
To become housewives and mothers
How did Nazis control teachers?
Dismissed Jewish and unreliable teachers
Encouraged teachers to join the Nationalist Socialist Teacher’s League (NSLB) - within 6 years 97% Of teachers were members
Sent primary school teachers to special camps for a month long training course
Asked HYM and BDM members to report teachers who weren’t ‘Nazi’ enough
How did the subject content change to reinforce Nazi beliefs?
Biology studies blood purity, eugenics and how to recognise Jews
Maths had “social arithmetic” - cost of mentally ill patient, trajectory of missiles
Geography claimed Germany needed “lebensraum” from Eastern Europe
History taught National Pride
What did girls study?
Cookery
Needlework
Housekeeping
PE
Why was PE increased in the curriculum?
They wanted girls to be fit to have children, and boys to be soldiers
How much did PE take up in the Timetable?
15%
What were the 3 Elite (“special”) schools?
NAPOLAS
Adolf Hitler Schools
Order Castles
What was NAPOLAS?
Boarding schools where they were trained to be young soldiers, many went into the SS. For boys aged 11-18.
What were Adolf Hitler Schools?
Boys were taught by a “Commander” and “Leader” instead of Principal and Teacher.
Four fifths of the curriculum was PE and they were also taught German Folklore
What were Order Castles?
Elite schools
Students were brutally prepared to be SS officers, the curriculum included war games with live ammunition where students actually died.
Who was the leader of the BDM?
Truce Mohr
What were the BDM groups called?
Young Maidens, League Of German Maidens and Faith and Beauty
What was the aim of the BDM?
To prepare girls for motherhood and housewifery
What did the BDM do during the week?
“Home evenings”
Cooking and cleaning classes, story telling, folklore and singing patriotic songs
What did the BDM do over the weekend?
Sports - gymnastics, marching, swimming
What did the senior girls of the BDM do?
Courses to build character
Holidays - skiing and camping
“Aryans” might be sent to a Lebensborn
What war work did the BDM do?
Community service - collected money, knitted socks, helped refugees, visited wounded soldiers
What were the aims of the HYM?
Indoctrinate racism
Develop physical fitness in Germany’s youth
Who was the leader of the HYM?
Baldur Von Schirach
What were the HYM groups?
Cubs (6-10)
Young German Folk (10-14)
Hitler Youth (14-18)
What was the probation year?
Learn Horst Wessel Song, 60m run, hike, “courage test”
Gets uniform, badge and dagger
What did the HYM do during the week?
Marching, singing, learning about Nazism
What were the weekend activities of the HYM?
Flieger-Hitler Youth = gliders and Luftwaffe visits
Motor-Hitler Youth = motorcycles
Marine-Hitler Youth = sailing, Training ship visits
What did the HYM do for war work?
Were members of the home guard
What was the name of the BDM magazine?
Maiden’s Works
What was the HYM magazine called?
Will and Power
When was the Youth Law?
1936
What was the 1936 Youth Law?
Children must be educated according to Nazi Principles. This all but made HY compulsory, and banned the Boy Scouts and pressured Catholic Youth Clubs to disband.
When was Hitler Youth made compulsory?
1939
What was successful or popular about a Nazi Youth Policies?
HY Training was prioritised over homework’s
Enjoyed community spirit - Volksgemeinschaft
HY membership won adult’s respect
1936 Hitler’s Birthday - 1000s parades and pledged life to him
Patrol force - existence proved successful indoctrination
What was unsuccessful or unpopular about Nazi Youth policies?
Changes to subject content led to a decline in academic standards
Teaching standards might fall - Teachers being put off having to teach Nazi beliefs
Swing M and Edelweiss P mean not all youths won over
Immoral actions eg. sending young girls to lebensborns might be unpopular with the family
