NAVLE exo Flashcards
Heatstroke chinchilla
○ > 80 degrees and high humidity → cause matted fur if kept in a warm, humid environment
Conjonctivite chinchilla
○ Dust bathing often causes irritation of the eyes
- Human herpesvirus 1
Dermatophytose chinchilla
○ Trichophyton mentagrophytes
○ Small scaly patches of alopecia on the nose, behind the ears, forefeet - scab formation
○ Dermatophyte test medium, fungal culture
○ Itraconazole or terbinafine
Chinchilla bouche
Soft tissue trauma - Sharp dental spikes
Overgrown teeth - malocclusion
Chocking chinchilla
○ Cannot vomit → FB cause aspiration or suffocating, edematous lead to drooling, retching, coughing, and dyspnea → asphyxiation and death
○ Contrast radiography
Fur ring chinchilla
Male chinchilla which a ring of hair around penis and under the prepuce that can eventually result in paraphimosis - painful, urethral constriction and acute urinary retention, affect breed
Cochon d’inde déficience en vit C (scurvy)
○ Lack L-gulonolactone oxidase to synthesize ascorbic acid
○ Rough coat, pain in joints, hemorrhagic skin, reluctant to move, cries, weight loss, alopecia
○ Increase cholesterol and triglyceride, hemorrhagic skeletal muscle
○ Give vitamine C, fresh pellets
Cochon d’inde dysbiose
○ Safe antibiotics - enrofloxacin, TMS, chloramphenicol
○ Do not give - penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, lincomycin, clindamycin, tetracycline
Cochon d’inde conjonctivite
Chlamydia
Cochon d’inde pododermatite
○ Obese guinea pigs housed on wire or abrasive floors
○ Front feet are swollen and hairless w ulcers and scabs on plantar surface
○ Staphylococcus aureus
○ Clean, dry soft bedding, topical or parenteral administration of antibiotic and foot, bandages
Cochon d’inde dystocie
○ Large fetuses, subclinical ketosis, fusion of symphysis pubis
○ If females are first bred after 6 mo of age, the symphysis pubis fuses and does not separate during parturition - stillbirth
○ If female strain for >20 min or young do not appear in 2 hours of intermittent straining
○ Oxytocin, C-section
Bordetella bronchiseptica cochon d’inde
○ Rabbits harbor this and when housed w guinea pigs, can give pneumonia
○ ciprofloxacin
Hamster Demodectic mange
○ Alopecia, pruritus, erythema on the dorsal region of the body, hindlimbs, and face
○ Skin scrapings, selenium sulfide shampoo and selamectin
○ Die within 3 months
Cancer hamster
Lymphome
Hamster polycystic disease
○ Liver disease in >1 yr old syrian hamster
○ Defects of the bile duct - numerous thin-walled cysts
Proliferative ileitis - wet tail hamster/rat
○ Diarrhea in young syrian hamsters w high mortality
○ Lawsonia intracellularis
○ Force feed, doxycycline and enrofloxacin and TMS
○ Can cause obstruction, intussusception or rectal prolapse
Cancer mammaire rat/souris
● Mammary fibroadenoma
○ Rats, mastectomy, benign, mâles et femelles également.
○ Mice are malignant
Chromodacryorrhea rat
○ Red tears, harderian glands of rats due to stress and disease
○ Wood’s lamp, indicate underlying disease
Rat ringtail
○ Avascular necrosis of the tail in young rats in low humidity environment
○ Amputate tail
Murine mycoplasmosis - dirty rat disease
○ Chronic respiratory disease from mycoplasma pulmonis
○ Live <2 yr, snuffling, hunched, red tears, head tilt, dyspnea, middle ear infection
○ Enrofloxacin and doxycycline
Abcès rat
○ Staph aureus, pasteurella pneumotropica, strep pyogenes
○ Penicillin or cephalosporin
Distemper furet
○ Hyperkeratotic footpad, death 14 d, chin dermatitis, high mortality
○ PCR whole blood
○ Purevax ferret distemper vaccine
Entérite au coronavirus du furet
○ Asymptomatic juvenile, older ferrets affected, blunt of intestinal villi and maldigestion and malabsorption, anorexia, vomit, green or mucoid diarrhea, melena, dehydration, weight loss
○ Quarantine of new ferrets
Toxicité aux oestrogènes furet
○ Anemia, BM suppression, bleed, pancytopenia
○ Alopecia, melena, swollen vulva, paresis, petechiae
○ Induce ovulation w human chorionic gonadotropin, OHE
Hyperadrenocorticism furet
○ Hyperestrogenism, adrenal gland disease
○ Bilateral nonpruritic alopecia, excessive mounting, aggressive, vulvar swell, skin wrinkle
- Cortisol pas élevé chez le furet. Les hormones sexuelles sont élevées (hydroxyprogesterone, estradiol, androstenedione), tests pour les chien ne fonctionnent pas.
○ Adrenalectomy, lupron
Insulinome furet
○ Tumor of pancreatic B cells
○ Drool, lip smack, nausea, bruxism, HL weak, seizure, stupor
○ Whipple’s triad - low fast glucose level, hypoglycemia, recover after glucose/feed/ remove pancreas, <60 BG, >200 insulin
○ Fluid, dextrose, diazoxide
Coup de chaleur furet
Coup de chaleur lapin
Furet: Ne peuvent pas suer
Lapins: Perte de chaleur par les oreilles
Cancer furet
○ Lymphome = 3rd most common, mycosis fungoides, loss of appetite, weight loss, enlarged LN
Urolithe furet
Cystine - surgical removal
Mites d’oreilles lapin
Mites de corps lapin
Psoroptes cuniculi
○ Ear mite - does not burrow
○ Otitis w pruritus , thick brown crusts to accumulate creating ear canker, shake head and ears, torticollis, CNS
○ Miticides (ivermectin)
Cheyletiella
- Shedding, scaling and dandruff sur le dos. Cytologie au tape
Ulcerative pododermatitis lapin
Comme cochon d’inde
○ Sore hock due to staphylococcus aureus
○ Prolong contact time w wire, obesed, moist at the metatarsals, tip toe
○ Wound care , husbandry, bandage
Treponema cuniculi lapin
○ Syphilis, encephalitozoon - young, zoonotic, macrophage, epizootic
○ Papules, vesicles, ulcers, head tilt, neuro/ocular/renal, scab
○ Dark field microscopy - corkscrew motility spirochete
○ Penicillin, chloramphenicol
“Purulent rhinitis/ snuffles” lapin
○ Pasteurella multocida, new stress, highly contagious
○ Thick nasal discharge, pneumonia, dysbiosis, stridor, head tilt w otitis media (wry neck), vestibular, matted paws, conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis (weepy eye), visceral/ subcutaneous abscesses, genital infections (treponema paraluiscuniculi)
○ Necropsy (cranioventral fibrinopurulent pneumonia, pleuritic abscess, dilation w tan fluid in uterus), culture, CT scan, fluorescent antibody test on nasal swab, PCR
○ TMS, tetracycline, culling
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease
○ Calicivirus ○ Blood ooze out of nasal cavity, acute death
○ Foreign, material, report
Gastric / GI stasis lapin
○ Furball, trichobezoar (hair ball) ○ Sudden anorexia, small dry scarce feces, lethargy, weight loss ○ Palpable doughy stomach, rad
○ Fluid, metoclopramide, force fed
Tyzzer lapin
○ Clostridium piliformis
○ Profuse watery diarrhea, anorexia, dehydration, lethargy, staining of hindquarters, death within 1-3 days in weanling rabbits → wasting disease
○ High mortality, acute outbreak, overcrowd
○ Necrotic patches on cecum, liver, and heart, giemsa or warthin-starry silver in intracellular bacteria, titers
○ Oxytetracycline, aggressive fluids, pain meds, prevent w high fiber diet
Mucoid enteritis lapin
○ Accumulation of mucus in intestines due to low fiber diet and stress - gelatinous or mucus feces, anorexia, lethargy, dehydration, rough coat, bloated abdomen
○ Firm impacted cecum palpable, gelatinous mucus in colon
○ Live for 1 week
Antibiotic dysbiosis lapin
○ Bad - clindamycin, lincomycin, erythromycin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cephalosporin, fipronil
○ Supportive care w aggressive IV fluid support and syringe feeding
Metabolic bone disease reptiles etc
○ Bent or progressive weakness, swollen limb, distort rubbery mandible, poor mineral
○ Imbalance low vit D, low Ca, high Phosp, Improper diet and inadequate lighting
○ Radiopaque bones on radiographs
○ Secondary to nutritional hyperparathyroidism
Ulcerative stomatitis reptiles etc
○ Mouth rot, snake, chelonian, poor husbandry
○ Aeromonas and pseudomonas
○ Plaque, erythema gingiva
○ Surgical debride, antiseptic, antibiotic
Gout reptiles
○ Hypovitaminosis A - corneal hyperkeratosis and squamous metaplasia (aural abscess), otitis
■ Zoonotic in salmonella and children pet
○ Hyperuricemia - uric acid crystal on articular surface w white chalky appearance
○ Allopurinol , euthanasia
Néoplasie lapin
- Uterine adenocarcinoma (#1): Hématurie, perte de poids, anorexie
