NAVLE exo

Question 1

Heatstroke chinchilla

Answer 1

○ > 80 degrees and high humidity → cause matted fur if kept in a warm, humid environment

Question 2

Conjonctivite chinchilla

Answer 2

○ Dust bathing often causes irritation of the eyes
- Human herpesvirus 1

Question 3

Dermatophytose chinchilla

Answer 3

○ Trichophyton mentagrophytes
○ Small scaly patches of alopecia on the nose, behind the ears, forefeet - scab formation
○ Dermatophyte test medium, fungal culture
○ Itraconazole or terbinafine

Question 4

Chinchilla bouche

Answer 4

Soft tissue trauma - Sharp dental spikes
Overgrown teeth - malocclusion

Question 5

Chocking chinchilla

Answer 5

○ Cannot vomit → FB cause aspiration or suffocating, edematous lead to drooling, retching, coughing, and dyspnea → asphyxiation and death
○ Contrast radiography

Question 6

Fur ring chinchilla

Answer 6

Male chinchilla which a ring of hair around penis and under the prepuce that can eventually result in paraphimosis - painful, urethral constriction and acute urinary retention, affect breed

Question 7

Cochon d’inde déficience en vit C (scurvy)

Answer 7

○ Lack L-gulonolactone oxidase to synthesize ascorbic acid
○ Rough coat, pain in joints, hemorrhagic skin, reluctant to move, cries, weight loss, alopecia
○ Increase cholesterol and triglyceride, hemorrhagic skeletal muscle
○ Give vitamine C, fresh pellets

Question 8

Cochon d’inde dysbiose

Answer 8

○ Safe antibiotics - enrofloxacin, TMS, chloramphenicol
○ Do not give - penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, lincomycin, clindamycin, tetracycline

Question 9

Cochon d’inde conjonctivite

Answer 9

Chlamydia

Question 10

Cochon d’inde pododermatite

Answer 10

○ Obese guinea pigs housed on wire or abrasive floors
○ Front feet are swollen and hairless w ulcers and scabs on plantar surface
○ Staphylococcus aureus
○ Clean, dry soft bedding, topical or parenteral administration of antibiotic and foot, bandages

Question 11

Cochon d’inde dystocie

Answer 11

○ Large fetuses, subclinical ketosis, fusion of symphysis pubis
○ If females are first bred after 6 mo of age, the symphysis pubis fuses and does not separate during parturition - stillbirth
○ If female strain for >20 min or young do not appear in 2 hours of intermittent straining
○ Oxytocin, C-section

Question 12

Bordetella bronchiseptica cochon d’inde

Answer 12

○ Rabbits harbor this and when housed w guinea pigs, can give pneumonia
○ ciprofloxacin

Question 13

Hamster Demodectic mange

Answer 13

○ Alopecia, pruritus, erythema on the dorsal region of the body, hindlimbs, and face
○ Skin scrapings, selenium sulfide shampoo and selamectin
○ Die within 3 months

Question 14

Cancer hamster

Answer 14

Lymphome

Question 15

Hamster polycystic disease

Answer 15

○ Liver disease in >1 yr old syrian hamster
○ Defects of the bile duct - numerous thin-walled cysts

Question 16

Proliferative ileitis - wet tail hamster/rat

Answer 16

○ Diarrhea in young syrian hamsters w high mortality
○ Lawsonia intracellularis
○ Force feed, doxycycline and enrofloxacin and TMS
○ Can cause obstruction, intussusception or rectal prolapse

Question 17

Cancer mammaire rat/souris

Answer 17

● Mammary fibroadenoma
○ Rats, mastectomy, benign, mâles et femelles également.
○ Mice are malignant

Question 18

Chromodacryorrhea rat

Answer 18

○ Red tears, harderian glands of rats due to stress and disease
○ Wood’s lamp, indicate underlying disease

Question 19

Rat ringtail

Answer 19

○ Avascular necrosis of the tail in young rats in low humidity environment
○ Amputate tail

Question 20

Murine mycoplasmosis - dirty rat disease

Answer 20

○ Chronic respiratory disease from mycoplasma pulmonis
○ Live <2 yr, snuffling, hunched, red tears, head tilt, dyspnea, middle ear infection
○ Enrofloxacin and doxycycline

Question 21

Abcès rat

Answer 21

○ Staph aureus, pasteurella pneumotropica, strep pyogenes
○ Penicillin or cephalosporin

Question 22

Distemper furet

Answer 22

○ Hyperkeratotic footpad, death 14 d, chin dermatitis, high mortality
○ PCR whole blood
○ Purevax ferret distemper vaccine

Question 23

Entérite au coronavirus du furet

Answer 23

○ Asymptomatic juvenile, older ferrets affected, blunt of intestinal villi and maldigestion and malabsorption, anorexia, vomit, green or mucoid diarrhea, melena, dehydration, weight loss
○ Quarantine of new ferrets

Question 24

Toxicité aux oestrogènes furet

Answer 24

○ Anemia, BM suppression, bleed, pancytopenia
○ Alopecia, melena, swollen vulva, paresis, petechiae
○ Induce ovulation w human chorionic gonadotropin, OHE

Question 25

Hyperadrenocorticism furet

Answer 25

○ Hyperestrogenism, adrenal gland disease ○ Bilateral nonpruritic alopecia, excessive mounting, aggressive, vulvar swell, skin wrinkle - Cortisol pas élevé chez le furet. Les hormones sexuelles sont élevées (hydroxyprogesterone, estradiol, androstenedione), tests pour les chien ne fonctionnent pas. ○ Adrenalectomy, lupron

Question 26

Insulinome furet

Answer 26

○ Tumor of pancreatic B cells ○ Drool, lip smack, nausea, bruxism, HL weak, seizure, stupor ○ Whipple’s triad - low fast glucose level, hypoglycemia, recover after glucose/feed/ remove pancreas, <60 BG, >200 insulin ○ Fluid, dextrose, diazoxide

Question 27

Coup de chaleur furet Coup de chaleur lapin

Answer 27

Furet: Ne peuvent pas suer Lapins: Perte de chaleur par les oreilles

Question 28

Cancer furet

Answer 28

○ Lymphome = 3rd most common, mycosis fungoides, loss of appetite, weight loss, enlarged LN

Question 29

Urolithe furet

Answer 29

Cystine - surgical removal

Question 30

Mites d'oreilles lapin Mites de corps lapin

Answer 30

Psoroptes cuniculi ○ Ear mite - does not burrow ○ Otitis w pruritus , thick brown crusts to accumulate creating ear canker, shake head and ears, torticollis, CNS ○ Miticides (ivermectin) Cheyletiella - Shedding, scaling and dandruff sur le dos. Cytologie au tape

Question 31

Ulcerative pododermatitis lapin

Answer 31

Comme cochon d'inde ○ Sore hock due to staphylococcus aureus ○ Prolong contact time w wire, obesed, moist at the metatarsals, tip toe ○ Wound care , husbandry, bandage

Question 32

Treponema cuniculi lapin

Answer 32

○ Syphilis, encephalitozoon - young, zoonotic, macrophage, epizootic ○ Papules, vesicles, ulcers, head tilt, neuro/ocular/renal, scab ○ Dark field microscopy - corkscrew motility spirochete ○ Penicillin, chloramphenicol

Question 33

“Purulent rhinitis/ snuffles” lapin

Answer 33

○ Pasteurella multocida, new stress, highly contagious ○ Thick nasal discharge, pneumonia, dysbiosis, stridor, head tilt w otitis media (wry neck), vestibular, matted paws, conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis (weepy eye), visceral/ subcutaneous abscesses, genital infections (treponema paraluiscuniculi) ○ Necropsy (cranioventral fibrinopurulent pneumonia, pleuritic abscess, dilation w tan fluid in uterus), culture, CT scan, fluorescent antibody test on nasal swab, PCR ○ TMS, tetracycline, culling

Question 34

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease

Answer 34

○ Calicivirus ○ Blood ooze out of nasal cavity, acute death ○ Foreign, material, report

Question 35

Gastric / GI stasis lapin

Answer 35

○ Furball, trichobezoar (hair ball) ○ Sudden anorexia, small dry scarce feces, lethargy, weight loss ○ Palpable doughy stomach, rad ○ Fluid, metoclopramide, force fed

Question 36

Tyzzer lapin

Answer 36

○ Clostridium piliformis ○ Profuse watery diarrhea, anorexia, dehydration, lethargy, staining of hindquarters, death within 1-3 days in weanling rabbits → wasting disease ○ High mortality, acute outbreak, overcrowd ○ Necrotic patches on cecum, liver, and heart, giemsa or warthin-starry silver in intracellular bacteria, titers ○ Oxytetracycline, aggressive fluids, pain meds, prevent w high fiber diet

Question 37

Mucoid enteritis lapin

Answer 37

○ Accumulation of mucus in intestines due to low fiber diet and stress - gelatinous or mucus feces, anorexia, lethargy, dehydration, rough coat, bloated abdomen ○ Firm impacted cecum palpable, gelatinous mucus in colon ○ Live for 1 week

Question 38

Antibiotic dysbiosis lapin

Answer 38

○ Bad - clindamycin, lincomycin, erythromycin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cephalosporin, fipronil ○ Supportive care w aggressive IV fluid support and syringe feeding

Question 39

Metabolic bone disease reptiles etc

Answer 39

○ Bent or progressive weakness, swollen limb, distort rubbery mandible, poor mineral ○ Imbalance low vit D, low Ca, high Phosp, Improper diet and inadequate lighting ○ Radiopaque bones on radiographs ○ Secondary to nutritional hyperparathyroidism

Question 40

Ulcerative stomatitis reptiles etc

Answer 40

○ Mouth rot, snake, chelonian, poor husbandry ○ Aeromonas and pseudomonas ○ Plaque, erythema gingiva ○ Surgical debride, antiseptic, antibiotic

Question 41

Gout reptiles

Answer 41

○ Hypovitaminosis A - corneal hyperkeratosis and squamous metaplasia (aural abscess), otitis ■ Zoonotic in salmonella and children pet ○ Hyperuricemia - uric acid crystal on articular surface w white chalky appearance ○ Allopurinol , euthanasia

Question 42

Néoplasie lapin

Answer 42

- Uterine adenocarcinoma (#1): Hématurie, perte de poids, anorexie