Navigation & Piloting Flashcards
Define Dead Reckoning:
Process of navigation by advancing a known position using course, speed, time, and distance to be traveled.
Define Piloting:
Movement of a vessel by referring to landmarks, aids to navigation, depth sounding, and radionavigation.
A dead reckoning plot should be maintained at all times: T or F
True, it is the best estimate of where the vessel should be at any given time.
A dead reckoning plot provides a visual cue if the vessel is steering towards danger: T or F
True
What is a great circle?
A geometric plane passing through the center of the earth which divides the earth into two equal parts.
A great circle always passes through the center of the earth: T or F
True
What is a small circle?
A geometric plane anywhere on earth that does not pass the earth’s center.
Small circles always have smaller diameters than the earth: T or F
True
What is the term for an object that is not perfectly round but slightly fatter in the middle?
Oblate spheroid
The earth actually flattens due to its rotation.
For the purposes of navigation we assume the_________is perfectly round.
Earth
Marine navigation is based on a _____________ that are used to describe a _______________. It is called the ______________.
System of geographic coordinates,specific location on a body of water. Latitude longitude system.
Parallels of _________ are small _________ that are parallel to each other, and to the _________.
Latitude,circles,equator
They are measured north or south of the equator , up to 90 degrees at the pole. The equator is 0 degrees.
One nautical mile equals_________ or _________statute miles.
6,076 feet or 1.15
The distance between lines of latitude remains constant. Each one of these minutes of latitude is equal to one nautical mile. T or F
True
The Prime _________ is represented as _____ longitude.
Meridian, 0 degree
__________ north is different from _________ north. The inference between them is called_____________.
True, magnetic, Variation.
A compass rose is used to determine __________ and _________ direction.
Course and bearing
The outer circle of the compass rose represents__________ and the inner ring represents _____________ and _____________.
True north, magnetic bearings,direction.
Distance is measured on nautical charts with a tool called dividers and the latitude scale on the side of the chart: T or F
True
The type of projection most commonly used in coastal navigation is the ___________.
Mercator projection
1 degree of latitude everywhere on the earths surface is equal to ______ nautical miles. 1 degree of _________ will vary with they latitude.
60, longitude
Define navigation:
The process of directing the movement of a craft from one place to another.
Safe and confident navigation of a vessel is an absolute necessity and adequate preparation is very important to safe navigation. T or F
True
Instruments used for chart work to transfer directions from a compass rose to various plotted courses and lines of bearings.
Parallel Rulers
A rolling plotter may be used for chart work instead of the parallel ruler. T or F
True.
** The bull’s eye is used to line up on a longitude line so that the direction can be plotted or read directly from the scale without having to roll it to a compass rose**
____________ are used to measure distance on a scale and transfer them to a chart.
Dividers
___________ is an instrument similar to dividers and is best used for plotting range and distance.
Drafting compass
The ____________________ is a device that is used to make quick and easy time, speed, and distance calculations in navigation.
Navigation slide rule
When describing latitude and longitude, the ___________is always given first.
Latitude.
By definition, an ______________ is “any device external to a vessel or aircraft intended to assist a navigator to determine position or safe course, or to warn of dangers or obstruction to navigation”.
ATON- aid to navigation
