Navigation part 2

Question 1

SSR

Answer 1

developed from a need for more position accuracy and greater ability to identify aircraft
interrogates aircraft transponder using 1030MHz
aircraft transponder replies to interrogation on 1090MHz

Question 2

Primary radar

Answer 2

signal sent out and reflected back from aircraft

Question 3

Secondary radar

Answer 3

signal sent out and replied to aircraft transponder

Question 4

Mode A

Answer 4

4 digit code to allow identification of aircraft
flight number attached by ATC
not transmitted by mode A/C transponder

Question 5

Mode C

Answer 5

4 digit code and aircraft altitude

Question 6

Aircraft position computted by:

Answer 6

distance(time between interrogation and reply)

Azimuth bearing from station(radar head is directional in transmit and receive)

Question 7

Transponder Mode S

Answer 7

present day requirement
each aircraft has unique 24bit identifier
allows selective interrogation of aircraft
improved integrity of surveillance data
eliminate garble
resolve problem of over interrogation

Question 8

ADS-B - automatic dependent surveillance broadcast functionality

Answer 8

broadcasts position, identity + other aircraft data automatically with regular updates
provides surveillance in remote areas and enhanced situational awareness for all airspace users

Question 9

ADS-B

Answer 9

automatic as there is no external stimulus required
data is broadcast because there is no interrogation
rapid updates
very accurate
cost effective solution for surveillance in non-radar airspace

Question 10

ACAS/TCAS

Answer 10

ACAS overrules ATC
ACAS units work with Mode S transponder

Traffic environment build up with:
Range(interrogation response time)
Bearing(directional TCAS antenna)
Altitude

Question 11

ACAS/TCAS display

Answer 11

Traffic advisory(TA) system-yellow
assists the pilot by giving them a visual of the conflicting aircraft and prepares them for a potential conflict

Resolution advisory(RA) - red
coordinates with conflicting aircraft through mode S link
tells the pilot the range of Vs to fly the plane to avoid the other aircraft
visual indication of rates shown on Vs indication

Question 12

Ground proximity warning systems

Answer 12

GPWS

Enhanced GPWS

Question 13

GPWS

Answer 13

monitors aircraft height above ground using radar altimeter

trends calculated + warnings

Question 14

Enhanced GPWS

Answer 14

terrain databases for predictive protection

generates terrain display ahead of aircraft