Nausea and Vomiting

Question 1

Metoclopramide

Answer 1

is a prokinetic agent (complex actions) used for severe GERD and diabetic gastroparesis.

Question 2

Ondansetron and Granisetron

Answer 2

are 5-HT3 blockers which attenuate vomiting by both action at CTZ and visceral afferents.

-chemo

Question 3

Prochlorperazine

Answer 3

a dopamine2-antagonist used to treat nausea and vomiting.

mild to moderate–“general use”

Question 4

Dronabinol

Answer 4

is tetrahydrocannabinol (marijuana) used to treat chemotherapy-induced vomiting centrally perhaps acting at the vomiting center in the medulla. Used in cases where other therapies are ineffective.

Question 5

Erythromycin

Answer 5

a prokinetic used to treat diabetic gastroparesis-induced vomiting. Has a non- antibiotic effect. Acts like motilin to increase gastric emptying and duodenal motility.

Question 6

Dimenhydrinate

Answer 6

is a histamine-1 blocker. Used to treat motion-induced vomiting.

Question 7

Scopolamine

Answer 7

is an antimuscarinic agent and is the historical treatment for motion sickness. It acts on the cortex & inner ear.

Question 8

Aprepitant

Answer 8

is a substance P receptor antagonist. Used in combination therapy for the treatment of chemotherapy associated nausea.

Question 9

Dexamethasone -

Answer 9

useful in the combination of other anti-nausea medications in the treatment of nausea in patients with cancer.