Natures Chemistry Flashcards
Alkane
Bonds? Saturation?
All covalent bonds
Saturated molecules C-C bond
Insoluble in water
Cycloalkane
Soluble?
Arrangement?
Alkanes but in a ring arrangement
Insoluble in water
Alkenes, soluble? Collection?saturation?
Insoluble in water. Can be collected by displacement of water
Unsaturated C=C double bond
Alkenes are broken to allow…
Other molecules to attach through addition reactions
Hydrogenation
+H2
Hydration
+H20
Used to make alcohol
Halogenation
+HCl or Br2
Isomers?
Same molecular formula
Different structural formula
Alcohols, bonds? Made of what elements?
Covalent bonds, Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
Functional group of alcohols
OH
What is added to an alkane to make it an alcohol
Normal alkanes but with an O added to a H branch
Alcohol name ends in
ol
Eg, propanol
Bromine water+ alkene
Bromine decolourises
Bromine water+alkane
No change
Saturated
C-C single bond
Unsaturated
C=C double bond
Carboxylic acid
Group
Mini structure
Carboxyl group COOH
Eg. –C=O
|
OH
Carboxylic names end in
-Oic acid
Neutralising carboxylic acid names
-oate salts
Eg. Methanoate salts
Use of carboxylic acid
Preservative
Alkanes burn to give off what?
Carbon dioxide
Homologous series?
Family of compounds, same general formula, similar chemical properties
