Nature & Variety Of Life Flashcards
What are eukaryotes?
Organisms made up of eukaryotic cells:
- Plants
- Animals
- Fungi
- Protocista
What are prokaryotes?
Single cell organisms:
- Bacteria
What are pathogens?
Organisms causing disease:
- Viruses
What are the main features of an animal cell?
- multicellular
- store carbohydrates as glycogen
E.g. - mammals: humans
- insects: mosquitoes
What are the main features of plant cells?
- multicellular
- chloroplasts - photosynthesis
- cellulose cell walls
- store carbohydrates as starch/ sucrose
E.g. - Maize, peas
What are the main features of fungi?
- some single celled, some multicellular.
- chitin cell walls
- may store carbohydrates as glycogen
E.g. - Mucor
- Yeast
What are the main features of protoctists?
- single celled
- some have chloroplasts
E.g.
-plasmodium
-Amoeba
-Chlorella
What are the main features of bacteria?
- single celled
- some photosynthesise
E.g.
Pneumococcus: pneumonia
What are the main features of viruses?
- non living organisms
- parasitic
E.g. - tobacco mosaic virus: discolouring of leaves on tobacco plants.
- influenza virus: flu
- HIV: AIDS
What is the function of the nucleus?
Holds genetic info (DNA)
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Controls entry & exit of molecules going in & out of cells
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
Where chemical reactions occur
What is the function of the mitrochondria?
Site of aerobic respiration (release ATP energy)
What is the function of the ribosomes?
Protein synthesis (making protein)
What is the function of the cell wall?
Protects cell & gives it structure
