Nature's Chemistry Flashcards
What is a fuel?
A substance that can be burned to release energy
What is combustion
Combustion is the reaction of a substance with oxygen, giving out energy
What is a fossil fuel
A fuel which is formed over millions of years from the remains of living things
Name 3 fossil fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
How is coal made
Tree and plant materials due, fall got he bottom of a swamp and get covered in mud
How is oil and gas made
Sea organisms die and fall to the bottom of the sea and get covered in sand
Name pollution problems which are associated with the burning of coal, oil and gas
Sulfur dioxide- formed by burning sulfur impurities in coal and it dissolves in atmospheric moisture to form acid rain
Carbon Dioxide- formed from burning any carbon-based fossil fuel and contributes to global warming
Carbon monoxide- formed from incomplete combustion and is a poisonous gas
Nitrogen dioxide- produced by the spark in a car engine reacting with nitrogen and oxygen in the air and dissolves in atmospheric moisture to form acid rain
What is fractional distilleration used for?
To separate crude oil into fractions according to their boiling points
What Is a fraction
A group of compounds with a similar boiling points
What is viscosity
The measure of thickness of a liquid
What is incomplete combustion
When a fuel is burned in a limited supply of oxygen
What is a hydrocarbon
A compound which contains only carbon and hydrogen
What is a homologous series
A group of compounds with
The same general formula
Similar chemical properties
A gradual change in physical properties such as melting points
What is an isomer
An isomer is when you have compounds that have the same molecular formula but a different structural formula
What is a carboxylic acid
A homologous series of compounds which contain the carboxyl functional group
